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#Post#: 23602--------------------------------------------------
Έκλεισε η Τρ&#
973;πα του Όζον`
4;ος!
By: Pinochet88 Date: July 5, 2016, 1:03 pm
---------------------------------------------------------
Ψευτοεπιστ^
2;μονες
κρατικιστέ`
2;
ανακοινώνο`
5;ν
ότι η "τρύπα"
του όζοντος
έχει
κλείσει και
ότι το
κλεισιμό
της είναι
κατόρθωμα...
του Κράτους
και της
φορολογίας
με την οποία
ψωμίζουν τα
άχρηστα
κορμιά τους.
Αλλού λένε
ότι το μισό
οφείλεται
στα σπρέι,
αλλού λένε
μπορεί και
να
οφείλεται.
Για την
πούτσα
επιστήμονε`
2;!
Το
διαφωτιστι_
4;ότατο
πρώτο άρθρο
που
παραθέτω
αποδεικνύε_
3;
με
γλαφυρότητ^
5;
πως το όζον
ούτε
καταστρέφε`
4;αι
από τα σπρέι,
ούτε
"αναρρώνει"
από μόνο του.
Ο Ήλιος το
φτιάχνει
και το
διαλάει και
υπάρχουν
ισχυροί
φυσικοί
μηχανισμοί
διόρθωσης
που
ελέγχουν τη
φυσικότατη
μεταβλητότ_
1;τά
του ανά
περιοχή.
Όλες οι
φορολογίες
που
επιβάλλει
το Κράτος
έχουν
μοναδικό
σκοπό να
τρομοκρατή`
3;ουν
τον κόσμο, να
τον
καταληστέψ_
9;υν
και να
ψωμίσουν τα
άχρηστα
παράσιτα.
[hr]
UN Global Warming Propaganda Campaign: Return to Perceived
Success Indicates Desperation.
By Dr. Tim Ball
Dr.TimBall.com
September 20, 2014
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The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) is running a
campaign using television weather presenters and national
broadcasters from around the world, to influence the UN’s
Climate Summit 2014 scheduled for New York City on September 23.
It is a counter attack designed to offset their losing the
public, political, and scientific debate
They’re releasing a series of films to, as WMO Secretary General
Michel Jarroud said,
“paint a compelling picture of what life could be like on a
warmer planet,”…“Climate change is already leading to more
extreme weather such as intense heat and rain…We need to act
now.”
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Reports are
the basis for the films. It is bureaucratic incest, since
Maurice Strong set up the IPCC through the WMO. The films are
scenarios of the future that imply are based on good science.
They can’t be correct because every prediction the IPCC ever
made, from their inception in 1990, was wrong. If the prediction
is wrong, the science is wrong.
On Wednesday September 10, 2014 the UN announced that the ozone
layer was recovering. They said,
“Experts said it showed the success of a 1987 ban on
man-made gases that damage the fragile high-altitude screen, an
achievement that would help prevent millions of cases of skin
cancer and other conditions.”
We are not told who the experts are, but the ban they reference
is the Montreal Protocol. It is too convenient and likely part
of the campaign to push for a global climate Protocol at the
September 23rd meeting. Headline to the story says, “Ozone layer
shows first sign of recovery, UN says.” That is incorrect. In
2003, Andrew Revkin reported a similar claim in the New York
Times. He wrote,
Scientists monitoring the highest levels of the atmosphere
say they have detected a slowing in the rate of destruction of
Earth’s protective veil of ozone, the first sign that the
phasing out of chemicals that harm the ozone layer is having a
restorative effect.
Now the UN is setting up for the September 23rd meeting using
the ozone layer issue as a template for action on CO2. It is
understandable from their perspective, because they tout it as a
victory. It wasn’t! The ozone story parallels and was
effectively a trial run for CO2 and Kyoto. They want a similar
protocol, but are challenged because Kyoto failed.
Some of the same people who created and pushed the ozone issue
were also deeply involved in CO2 and the IPCC. Susan Solomon, is
a National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration employee,
described by Wikipedia as follows;
Her work formed the basis of the U.N. Montreal Protocol, an
international agreement to protect the ozone layer by regulating
damaging chemicals. Solomon served the Intergovernmental Panel
on Climate Change. She was a contributing author for the Third
Assessment Report. She was also Co-Chair of Working Group I for
the Fourth Assessment Report.
The Ozone Issue
The Montreal Protocol is a template, but not for pushing the
need for a Climate Protocol. It is a template for how ozone
destruction by human produced Chlorofluorocarbons (CFC) was a
test run for the deception that human CO2 is causing global
warming. It’s a template, not because it worked, but because it
was completely unnecessary, cost a lot of money and created a
multitude of other problems. It is a template because humans
were blamed for atmospheric ozone destruction without evidence,
while natural processes were ignored.
They said CFCs would remain in the atmosphere for up to 100
years, as they did with CO2. As recently as September 2012, they
said recovery of the ozone would take a very long time.
The ozone layer outside the Polar regions will take 40 years
to recover to its pre-1980 levels, the World Meteorological
Organization (WMO) said Friday.
But they also said,
The ozone layer over the Antarctic is expected to recover
much later.
It only appears the Montreal Protocol worked because there was
no problem in the first place. Variations in ozone were
perfectly natural. Now, they need to use it as a success for
political reasons, even if it exposes the error of their claims.
It is not about science, so the facts are arranged as required.
The Ozone Deception
A major tenet of the environmental paradigm is that almost all
change is due to human activity. Once a change is determined, it
triggers a search for the human cause, usually ignoring natural
change.
The British Antarctic survey team determined in the early 1980s
that ozone levels were lower than measures taken in 1957. Press
reports were sensationalist and created the idea this was
abnormal. James Lovelock, the British scientist who proposed the
Gaia hypothesis, warned against overreaction, but was ignored
because the issue suited environmental hysteria.
Once designated unnatural, the search for a human cause began.
Lab experiments by Sherwood and Molina in 1974 determined
chlorine as the active ingredient in chlorofluorocarbon that
destroys ozone. They did not recreate the temperature and
pressure conditions in the ozone layer at some 20 km over
Antarctica. They produced a static condition when the major
natural mechanism causing ozone variation over Antarctica is an
intense atmospheric circulation system associated with the
Circumpolar Vortex. Because of the land/water juxtapositions, it
is far more intense than in the Arctic. Their work was
fundamental to the hypothesis that CFCs (commercial name Freon),
which are four times denser than air, were carried to the lower
stratosphere, where the chlorine portion, which is
indistinguishable from natural source chlorine, destroyed ozone.
As Richard Lindzen said about global warming and CO2, the
consensus was reached before the research had begun.
The Evidence
There are no holes in the ozone. There were none when it became
a political issue in the 1990s and none today. This is not just
semantics, but an important fact in the relationship between
scientific accuracy, the public perception and political
reaction. Ozone levels vary considerably in different regions,
at different altitudes and over time. The so-called “ozone hole”
is a region in the ozone layer generally located over
Antarctica, although it moves around with changes in the
Circumpolar Vortex. Ozone level is lowest during the Southern
Hemisphere winter, at which time ozone concentration is
approximately 1/3 of the global average. It is an area of
thinning due to natural causes.
Hypotheses are only as valid as the assumptions on which they
are derived. A basic assumption of the ozone hypothesis is that
sunlight is constant, including the ultraviolet portion of the
spectrum. That assumption forces you to assume that any
variation in ozone levels is not caused by solar variations. We
know now that the original assumption of constant sunlight and
therefore constant ultraviolet radiation is incorrect. As a NASA
Report explains,
Though UV solar radiation makes up a much smaller portion of
the TSI than infrared or visible radiation, UV solar radiation
tends to change much more dramatically over the course of solar
cycles.
When portions of ultraviolet light (UV) strike free atmospheric
oxygen it splits the oxygen (O2) into single oxygen (O)
molecules. These quickly combine in threes to create ozone (O3).
The entire process is called photo-disassociation. This process
occurs variously from 20 to 40 km above the surface in the Ozone
Layer. The system is self-correcting because as more ultraviolet
penetrates deeper into the atmosphere it confronts more free
oxygen (O2). By 15 km above the surface, over 95% of the UV has
been expended in the creation of ozone.
Like the anthropogenic global warming hypothesis (AGW), research
continued in spite of media and political acceptance. It was
determined that a major cause of changes in the size and extent
of the Antarctic ozone hole are the intense wind patterns and
circulations associated with the extensive Antarctic
high-pressure zone and the surrounding wind pattern known as the
Circumpolar Vortex. A second factor is Polar Stratospheric Cloud
(PSC) that form when gases including water vapor sublimate
directly to crystals because of the intensely low temperatures
(-70°C and below) and pressures over the South Pole.
Bureaucracies were established for CFCs, laws passed, and
punishments determined for anyone using CFCs. The Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA) and other national agencies are
replicating this by identifying CO2 as a pollutant and toxic
substance.
Ramifications
The attack on CFCs undermines another technology that, like
fossil fuels, dramatically improved the quality of life.
Refrigeration tackled the serious problem of food spoilage. In
developing nations estimates claim 60% of food produced doesn’t
make it to the table. The figure is 30% for developed nations.
Loss reduction is due partly to reduced field and transportation
loss, but mostly to spoilage in storage.
As a result, when the Montreal Protocol was proposed, India and
China’s position was identical to their position with Kyoto and
other attempts to restrict their development and improvement of
standard of living. They said you’ve reduced your losses through
refrigeration, now we want to reduce ours. You produced this
product now want to ban it, claiming it is an environmental
hazard. We suggest you reduce your levels and let us increase
ours, to achieve the same benefits. The answer was no! As a
result India and China did not participate in the Montreal
Protocol, just as they are not part of Kyoto and oppose any
other form of restriction. When I pointed out to the
Parliamentary committee that India and China were not
participating, the Chairman’s assistant disappeared to return 20
minutes later to say they produced less than 5 percent of the
CFCs, so they were not significant.
Nurtured by environmental hysteria and the determination to show
all changes in the natural world are due to human activity, the
claim CFCs were destroying ozone jumped directly from an
unproven hypothesis to a scientific fact. All the other
ingredients were at hand; the big greedy corporation; the
dangerous product; refrigeration that improved quality of life
at the expense of the environment; and the fear factor of
increased skin cancer, especially among children.
The political juggernaut was underway as fearful people demanded
political action. Most actions did not and could not deal with
the problem. Companies turned production of sun blockers into a
multibillion-dollar industry even though their product didn’t,
until a few years ago, deal with those portions of ultraviolet
radiation that are harmful to the skin. Claims of increases in
skin cancer failed to take into account increase in life
expectancy or such anomalies as the lowest levels of skin cancer
occurred in Colorado, the state with the highest levels of
ultraviolet radiation due to altitude. Humans require
ultraviolet radiation to produce vitamin D in the body.
Inadequate levels lead to various diseases, including bone
problems such as rickets in children and scrofula, a form of
tuberculosis.
There are still no “holes in the ozone”, but the area of
thinning over Antarctica continues to vary due to natural
conditions. As the climate change deception falters, the
counterattack builds. The UN realizes the New York meeting is
critical, maybe even a ‘tipping point’. Out of desperation, they
fall back on the illusionary “success” of the Montreal Protocol,
thus risking the exposure of that charade.
[hr]
Δείτε ακόμα
Το
φαινόμενο
του
θερμοκηπίο`
5;
θα μπορούσε
να
μετριάσει
τις
συνέπειες
μεγάλης
ηφαιστειακ^
2;ς
έκρηξης 12/11/2014 18:35
Το στρώμα
του όζοντος
ανακάμπτει
20/09/2014 13:31
Έρευνα:
Τέσσερα νέα
ανθρωπογεν^
2;
αέρια ίσως
απειλήσουν
το όζον 10/03/2014 15:22
Η τρύπα του
όζοντος για
ακόμη μισό
αιώνα 13/12/2013 10:19
Η τρύπα του
όζοντος
πάνω από την
Ανταρκτική
δείχνει
σημάδια
συρρίκνωση`
2;,
κατά κύριο
λόγο χάρις
στο
Πρωτόκολλο
του
Μοντρεάλ
του 1987, που
απαγόρευσε
τη χρήση
χλωροφθορα_
7;θράκων
(CFC) και
παρόμοιων
ουσιών.
Το στρώμα
του όζοντος,
μια περιοχή
της
στρατόσφαι`
1;ας
της Γης που
απορροφά το
μεγαλύτερο
μέρος της
υπεριώδους
ακτινοβολί^
5;ς
από τον Ήλιο,
λειτουργεί
ως φυσικό
αντιηλιακό
του πλανήτη,
προστατεύο_
7;τας
ανθρώπους,
ζώα και φυτά
από τη
βλαβερή
ηλιακή
ακτινοβολί^
5;.
Τη δεκαετία
του 1980, οι
επιστήμονε`
2;
παρατήρησα_
7;
μια
δραματική
λέπτυνση
του όζοντος
πάνω από την
Ανταρκτική.
Η ζημιά
οφειλόταν
κυρίως στα
αέρια
γνωστά ως
χλωροφθορά_
7;θρακες,
τα οποία
χρησιμοποι_
9;ύνταν
ευρέως σε
μονάδες
κλιματισμοa
3;,
ψυγεία και
χημικά
σπρέι.
Σε μια
προσπάθεια
για την
προστασία
του
στρώματος
όζοντος, τα
κράτη του
πλανήτη
συμφώνησαν
τη σταδιακή
κατάργηση
των ουσιών
που
καταστρέφο`
5;ν
το όζον μέσω
μιας
διεθνούς
συνθήκης
που έγινε
γνωστή ως το
Πρωτόκολλο
του
Μόντρεαλ.
Τώρα, η
συμφωνία
αυτή
φαίνεται
πως
στέφθηκε με
επιτυχία,
καθώς μια
νέα μελέτη
αποκάλυψε
ότι το
στρώμα του
όζοντος
στην
Ανταρκτική
δείχνει
σημάδια
ανάκαμψης.
Σύμφωνα με
νέα μελέτη
του MIT, με
επικεφαλής
την
καθηγήτρια
ατμοσφαιρι_
4;ής
χημείας και
κλιματικής
επιστήμης
Σούζαν
Σόλομον, η
τρύπα του
όζοντος
πιστεύεται
ότι έχει
συρρικνωθε^
3;
κατά
περισσότερ_
9;
από τέσσερα
εκατομμύρι^
5;
τετραγωνικ^
0;
χιλιόμετρα
και δεν
είναι πλέον
τόσο βαθιά
όσο
παλαιότερα.
Οι
ερευνητές
επίσης
διαπίστωσα_
7;
ότι
περισσότερ_
9;
από το 50% της
συρρίκνωση`
2;
μπορεί να
αποδοθεί
στη μείωση
του
ατμοσφαιρι_
4;ού
χλωρίου. Το
χλώριο
φυσικά δεν
βρίσκεται
σε μεγάλες
ποσότητες
στην
ατμόσφαιρα,
αλλά η χρήση
CFC το εισάγει
στο στρώμα
του όζοντος.
Παρόλο που η
πλήρης
ανάκαμψη
δεν
αναμένεται
να συμβεί
μέχρι τα
μέσα του
αιώνα, οι
ειδικοί
επισημαίνο`
5;ν
πως η
συνθήκη του
1987 είναι ήδη
επιτυχημέν_
1;.
#Post#: 23603--------------------------------------------------
Re: Έκλεισε η Τ`
1;ύπα του Όζον
τος!
By: mistermax Date: July 5, 2016, 5:26 pm
---------------------------------------------------------
Δεν εκλεισε
η τρυπα, αλλα
αρχισε να
συρρικνώνε`
4;αι.
Αυτα τα καλά
νεα
προέρχοντα_
3;
εξ αιτιας
της πιεσης
των
πραγματικω_
7;
Αναρχικων
εναντια στα
κρατη και
τις
βιομηχανίε`
2;
που τους
αναγκάζουν
να
περιορίζου_
7;
τα CFCs καθως
και στην
ενημέρωση
του κοινου.
Οποιος
θελει να
ξερει τι του
γίνεται και
να μην
πιστευει τι
του λενε
παϊσιοι και
πινοσέτιδε`
2;:
HTML https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DLHL1Xp9iDo
HTML http://www.vox.com/2016/7/4/12091464/ozone-layer-healing-recovering
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