URI:
   DIR Return Create A Forum - Home
       ---------------------------------------------------------
       True Left
  HTML https://trueleft.createaforum.com
       ---------------------------------------------------------
       *****************************************************
   DIR Return to: Issues
       *****************************************************
       #Post#: 4030--------------------------------------------------
       Re: Museum decolonization
       By: guest5 Date: February 7, 2021, 2:42 pm
       ---------------------------------------------------------
       Indonesians seek return of artefacts stolen by Dutch
       [quote]For more than 300 years, the Netherlands colonised what
       is now modern-day Indonesia and took thousands of cultural and
       religious artefacts. After years of negotiation, the Dutch
       government returned some items last year. Indonesian historians
       want more to be returned - but say it is a long and complicated
       process. Al Jazeera's Jessica Washington reports from
       Jakarta.[/quote]
  HTML https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uj4lwTB2GQQ
       #Post#: 4210--------------------------------------------------
       Re: Museum decolonization
       By: guest5 Date: February 14, 2021, 2:00 pm
       ---------------------------------------------------------
       The British Museum is full of stolen artifacts
       [quote]And so far, it isn't giving them back.[/quote]
  HTML https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hoTxiRWrvp8
       #Post#: 4520--------------------------------------------------
       Re: Museum decolonization
       By: rp Date: February 28, 2021, 10:17 am
       ---------------------------------------------------------
       Museum Decolonization in contemporary popular culture:
  HTML https://youtu.be/Y82oa7kz4Zk
       #Post#: 5075--------------------------------------------------
       Re: Museum decolonization
       By: 90sRetroFan Date: March 25, 2021, 1:40 am
       ---------------------------------------------------------
  HTML https://us.yahoo.com/news/us-museums-hold-remains-thousands-122656146.html
       [quote]US museums hold the remains of thousands of Black people
       Among the human remains in Harvard University’s museum
       collections are those of 15 people who were probably enslaved
       African American people. Earlier this year, the school announced
       a new committee that will conduct a comprehensive survey of
       Harvard’s collections, develop new policies and propose ways to
       memorialize and repatriate the remains.
       “We must begin to confront the reality of a past in which
       academic curiosity and opportunity overwhelmed humanity,” wrote
       Harvard President Lawrence S. Bacow.
       This dehumanizing history of collecting African American bodies
       as scientific specimens is not a problem just at Harvard. Last
       year, the University of Pennsylvania announced that its
       anthropology museum will address the legacy of the 1,300 human
       skulls – including those of 55 enslaved people from Cuba and the
       U.S. – in its collection, which was historically used to
       denigrate the intelligence and character of Black people and
       Native Americans.
       Other institutions have far more Black skeletons in their
       closets. By one estimate, the Smithsonian Institution, Cleveland
       Museum of Natural History and Howard University hold the remains
       of some 2,000 African Americans among them. The total only
       increases when considering museums with remains from other
       populations across the African diaspora. How many more sets of
       remains lie in museum storerooms across the United States, and
       whether or not they were collected with consent, is unknown.
       ...
       Collecting Black bodies
       The abuse and circulation of African American human remains for
       research dates back at least to 1763, with the dissection of
       corpses of the enslaved for the first anatomy lecture in the
       American Colonies.
       The systematic collection of African American remains, as well
       as those of people from other marginalized communities, began
       with the work of Samuel George Morton. Considered the founder of
       American physical anthropology, Morton professionalized the
       acquisition of human remains in the name of scientific practice
       and education.
       Morton boasted the first collection of human remains, at one
       point considered to be the largest globally. He used its
       subjects-turned-specimens to promote racist hierarchies through
       pseudoscientific interpretations of cranial measurements. His
       research resulted in his 1839 magnum opus, “Crania Americana,”
       replete with hundreds of hand-drawn images of skulls and
       faulty-logic racial categorization.
       His collection eventually ended up at the University of
       Pennsylvania. Only last year did the university officially
       announce the collection had been removed from a shelved display
       within an archaeology classroom.
       The impact of Morton’s collection and career ricocheted far and
       wide, laying the foundation for unethical practices built on the
       theft, transportation and accumulation of human remains –
       especially of those most marginalized. Collecting surged during
       the time of the Civil War. From the late 19th century well into
       the 20th, skeletal collections in museums across the country
       skyrocketed.
       Morton also influenced the ideology of biologist Louis Agassiz,
       his eventual collaborator. Agassiz founded Harvard’s Museum of
       Comparative Zoology, which originally bore his name. His own
       collection practices around the photographed bodies of the
       enslaved have embroiled the university in a public lawsuit.
       Institutions long embraced such collections primarily for the
       pseudoscientific work of justifying racial hierarchies. But they
       also enhanced their prestige by the number of remains in their
       collections that could be used for research as well as for
       exhibitions that fed the public’s morbid curiosity.
       ...
       Ultimately, the remains of African American people, freed or
       enslaved, are in these collections because the captivity of
       their bodies, both living and deceased, was the very foundation
       of museums of medicine, anthropology, archaeology, natural
       history and more. While some academic and cultural institutions
       have taken the initiative to confront their legacies with
       slavery – such as decolonization efforts to include more diverse
       perspectives and values – a national effort has yet to take
       shape.
       Desecrated in life and death
       The U.S. Senate passed the African American Burial Grounds
       Network Act in December 2020. This bill would establish a
       voluntary network to identify and protect often at-risk African
       American cemeteries. The program would be administered through
       the National Park Service, and nothing in the legislation would
       apply to private property without the consent of landowners.
       More than 50 prominent national, state and local organizations
       support the passage of the act into law and are working to have
       it reintroduced in Congress’ current session.
       But even this legislation does not include the remains of Black
       people in museum collections. Such an addition would be more in
       line with the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation
       Act, a 1990 federal law that addresses Native American human
       remains in all contexts – both in the ground and in collections.
       This work is necessary because many of the remains of Black
       people, like those of Native Americans, were taken without the
       consent of family, used in ways that contravened spiritual
       traditions, and treated with less respect than most others in
       society.
       In the absence of such an addition, the work of finding all of
       the African American remains in museums will be unorganized and
       inconsistent. Institutions will need to make efforts on their
       own, which will cost more money and consume more resources. Even
       more importantly, the absence of a coordinated, national effort
       will mean the delay of justice for thousands of African American
       ancestors whose bodies have been, and continue to be,
       desecrated.[/quote]
       #Post#: 5169--------------------------------------------------
       Decolonizing Paleontology
       By: guest5 Date: March 30, 2021, 8:56 pm
       ---------------------------------------------------------
       [quote]Paleontology, also spelled palaeontology or palæontology
       (/ˌpeɪliɒnˈtɒlədʒi,
       ˌpæli-, -ən-/), is the scientific study of life that
       existed prior to, and sometimes including, the start of the
       Holocene Epoch (roughly 11,700 years before present). It
       includes the study of fossils to classify organisms and study
       interactions with each other and their environments (their
       paleoecology). Paleontological observations have been documented
       as far back as the 5th century BCE. The science became
       established in the 18th century as a result of Georges Cuvier's
       work on comparative anatomy, and developed rapidly in the 19th
       century. The term itself originates from Greek
       παλαιός, palaios, "old,
       ancient", ὄν, on (gen. ontos), "being, creature", and
       λόγος, logos, "speech, thought,
       study".[1] [/quote]
  HTML https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paleontology
       Decolonizing the Hunt for Dinosaurs and Other Fossils
       [quote]Younger paleontologists are working to overcome some
       historical legacies of their discipline and change how people
       learn about natural history.[/quote]
       [quote]In 2019, Mohamad Bazzi, a doctoral student at Uppsala
       University in Sweden, launched an expedition to Tunisia in
       search of fossils. He and his colleagues traveled to the
       phosphate mines around the city of Gafsa, where
       56-million-year-old rocks record a time of rapidly warming
       oceans and mass extinctions, particularly of apex predators like
       sharks.
       Mr. Bazzi made some distinctive choices for this paleontological
       expedition.
       For starters, his team hired Tunisians to help dig, rather than
       bringing students from his university. Mr. Bazzi and his
       colleagues also chose to reach out to the residents of Gafsa
       wherever possible, holding impromptu lectures on the area’s
       fossil history to interested onlookers. This was a contrast with
       the secretiveness of many paleontologists in the field, who
       might worry about their sites being raided for the fossil black
       market.
       The fossils the team collected from Gafsa are important for
       learning more about how animals adapted to the hothouse world of
       the Eocene, a period that may foretell what’s in store for the
       planet in coming years if carbon emissions don’t slow.
       But while Mr. Bazzi’s team removed the fossils from Tunisia,
       they did so under an agreement with local institutions that Mr.
       Bazzi himself insisted on: After he finished his research, the
       remains would be returned.
       Historically, these specimens are seldom returned, and locals
       may never see them again. But Mr. Bazzi and his colleagues are
       part of a movement among the next generation of paleontological
       researchers, one attempting to change scientific practices that
       descend directly from 19th century colonialism, which exploited
       native peoples and their natural histories.[/quote]
       [quote]Over the last few decades, multiple countries have
       demanded the return of looted art, antiquities, cultural
       treasures and human remains from museum collections in North
       America and Europe. Countries such as Mongolia and Chile have
       likewise demanded the return of collected fossils, from
       tyrannosaur bones to the preserved remains of giant ground
       sloths.
       “There’s a consistent pattern with these specimens of high
       scientific or aesthetic value, where they’re taken out of the
       developing world and shipped abroad to be displayed and shown to
       a wider audience elsewhere,” Mr. Bazzi said. “There should be
       some balance so that local parties have a say in what happens to
       them.”
       Many countries with less money to spend on funding their own
       scientists are home to important fossil deposits that could
       drive major advances of our understanding of the prehistoric
       world. If the field of paleontology is to move forward, these
       researchers say, it’s important to figure out how to study
       specimens in these places without extending colonial legacies.
       That will take the development of a different approach to the
       field, more like the ones being tried by Mr. Bazzi and other
       scientists that rely less on extraction and more on
       collaboration with and the development of local
       institutions.[/quote]
       Entire article:
  HTML https://www.nytimes.com/2021/03/22/science/dinosaurs-fossils-colonialism.html?utm_source=pocket-newtab
       [img width=1280
       height=852]
  HTML https://static01.nyt.com/images/2021/03/23/science/00SCI-PALEO2/00SCI-PALEO2-superJumbo.jpg?quality=90&auto=webp[/img]
       #Post#: 5467--------------------------------------------------
       Re: Museum decolonization
       By: guest5 Date: April 10, 2021, 10:41 pm
       ---------------------------------------------------------
       Why is the UK Refusing to Return the Parthenon Marbles to
       Greece?
       [quote]Brexit was a messy affair.  And that animosity is playing
       out in a long running dispute between the UK and EU over the
       Parthenon Marbles.  The Ancient Greek relics date back more than
       2,400 years, and are now housed at the British museum.  Greece
       has demanded their return but the UK says the artifacts are
       staying in London. And it’s not the first time the UK has
       refused to return what many call, looted treasures.[/quote]
  HTML https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TznVxge7bVs
       #Post#: 5559--------------------------------------------------
       Re: Museum decolonization
       By: 90sRetroFan Date: April 14, 2021, 10:21 pm
       ---------------------------------------------------------
       Some success:
  HTML https://www.cbsnews.com/news/penn-museum-skulls-black-americans-return/
       [quote]A museum in Philadelphia apologized on Monday for
       collecting the skulls of Black Americans and vowed to return
       them to their respective communities. Dr. Christopher Woods, the
       director of the Penn Museum, expressed regret in a statement on
       behalf of the museum and the University of Pennsylvania of
       Archaeology and Anthropology for the "unethical possession of
       human remains."
       "It is time for these individuals to be returned to their
       ancestral communities, wherever possible, as a step toward
       atonement and repair for the racist and colonial practices that
       were integral to the formation of these collections," Woods
       said. He also said they will reassess their practices of
       collecting, stewarding, displaying and researching
       humans.[/quote]
       It is a good sign that US museums are much more open to
       returning stuff than museums of the former Western colonial
       powers. This gives the US moral high ground that it can use in
       the future to hammer the former Western colonial powers with.
       #Post#: 5652--------------------------------------------------
       Re: Museum decolonization
       By: guest5 Date: April 18, 2021, 12:40 pm
       ---------------------------------------------------------
       Turkey fights to retrieve its stolen artefacts
       [quote]Turkey has ramped up efforts to retrieve its stolen
       artefacts in recent years yielding great success.
       #Turkey​ #Artefacts​[/quote]
  HTML https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lgoQhgz0C7s
       #Post#: 5929--------------------------------------------------
       Re: Museum decolonization
       By: 90sRetroFan Date: April 27, 2021, 10:26 pm
       ---------------------------------------------------------
  HTML https://www.inquirer.com/news/move-human-remains-penn-museum-princeton-bombing-1985-philadelphia-20210426.html
       [quote]The University of Pennsylvania apologized to members of
       MOVE on Monday for using the remains of one of the group’s
       members as a case study in its anthropology classes, rather than
       returning them to the family.
       “We understand the importance of reuniting the remains with the
       family and we are working now to find a respectful, consultative
       resolution,” a university spokesperson said. “... We are
       reassessing our practices of collecting, stewarding, displaying,
       and researching human remains.”[/quote]
       That is not an apology. Gouging out your eyes (which were used
       to study those remains) would be an apology.
       [quote]Meanwhile, members of MOVE, the West Philadelphia-based
       radical organization whose compound was bombed by the city in
       1985 in a conflagration that killed 11, accused the city and the
       Penn Museum of mishandling and disrespecting the remains of at
       least one child who died in the blast.
       They rejected the museum’s apology at a news conference Monday
       at the group’s West Philadelphia office, calling it empty words
       offered by an untrustworthy institution 36 years late.[/quote]
       Well done!
       [quote]Pam Africa, one of the group’s most vocal and prominent
       members, called the museum “body snatchers” and “grave robbers.”
       ...
       Another member, Janine Africa, said the museum’s handling of the
       remains was “the most disrespectful, hateful thing you can do to
       anybody.”
       ...
       Consuewella Dotson Africa, the mother of the two oldest children
       killed in the 1985 bombing, became emotional during the news
       conference and left the room. She later returned.
       ”Some 36 years later they come to us and say they got some bones
       of our children. You go to hell with that bull—,” she said.
       ...
       ”I could not imagine, in my worse nightmare, that the government
       would drop a bomb on us and kill my brothers and sisters. And I
       could not have imagined 36 years later that they would be
       displaying parts of our family as if they’re some dinosaur
       relics that they dug up,”[/quote]
       I guarantee they would have no problem bombing us again if
       rightists ever regain power.
       #Post#: 6202--------------------------------------------------
       Re: Museum decolonization
       By: 90sRetroFan Date: May 7, 2021, 1:10 am
       ---------------------------------------------------------
  HTML https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eHR5pME8xQo
       Not sure why the guests are wearing Western suits while
       complaining about Western colonialism, though. They direly need:
  HTML https://trueleft.createaforum.com/issues/dress-decolonization/
       *****************************************************
   DIR Next Page