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#Post#: 9342--------------------------------------------------
Re: The Birth of Civilisation - Cult of the Skull (8800 BC to 65
00 BC)
By: guest55 Date: October 11, 2021, 10:30 am
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The Funnelbeaker Culture | Neolithic Farmers of Northern Europe
[quote]European farmers reached the southern edge of the North
European Plain, not far south of the Baltic coast, before 5000
BC but didn't reach northern Germany and southern Scandinavia
until 1000 years later. So for a thousand years there was some
interaction with groups of the Late Mesolithic Ertebølle Culture
- a hunter gatherer people in this region during the 5th
millennium BC which is shown by traded stone axes and other
artefacts.
Once it was thought that these northern hunter gathers gradually
adopted farming over that thousand years but thanks to DNA
analysis we know that's not the case. [/quote]
HTML https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iJYvhf0VVi0
#Post#: 23937--------------------------------------------------
Re: The Birth of Civilisation - Cult of the Skull (8800 BC to 65
00 BC)
By: Al-Beidha Date: November 21, 2023, 2:00 pm
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Al Beidha Neolithic Village, Jordan - the first settled village
in human history?
[quote]Join us on our short tour of Al Beidha Neolithic village,
a short walk from Little Petra in Jordan.
Occupied from 8,500 BC, this is one of the earliest villages
ever discovered, showing the transformation from
hunter-gatherers to farmers.[/quote]
HTML https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hKVYFxWkKBA
[quote]
Periods of settlement
Three periods of occupation were detected: the Natufian period
in the 11th millennium BC,[3][4] a Pre-Pottery Neolithic B
(PPNB) village with masonry construction in the 7th millennium
BC[5][6] and a Nabatean period dating to the 1st or 2nd century
BC.[7]
Natufian period
Natufian Beidha is characterized as a seasonal encampment,
repeatedly occupied over a long period of time. Evidence from
lithics recovered along with the layout and position of hearths
and roasting areas suggested the occupants were primarily
engaged in hunting related activities. This was supported by the
absence of permanent buildings, storage, burials and large stone
implements.[3]
Neolithic period
The Neolithic stage at Beidha has been suggested to be one of
the earliest villages with habitation dated between 7200 and
6500 BC. In the earliest PPNB phases, the population has been
estimated at between 50 and 115 people.[8] These villagers used
stone masonry and built a wall around the settlement of round
houses with subterranean floors. Its occupants cultivated barley
and emmer wheat in an early state of domestication, herded
goats, and hunted a variety of wild animals such as ibex and
gathered wild plants, fruits and nuts.[9] Burials were found in
an area of the settlement thought to be used for ritual
purposes.[9] Evidence shows it was destroyed by fire c. 6650 BC
and then rebuilt with rectangular, overground buildings and
specialized workshops. At the height of habitation, the
population has been estimated at anywhere between 125 and 235
people.[8] Around 6500 BC the village was abandoned again, for
unknown reasons. Many of the materials recovered came from some
distance and included Anatolian obsidian and mother of pearl
from the Red Sea. The transition to right-angled buildings shows
an important development in human society that may have
contributed the development of cities.[6][9] There is also a
structure dating from this period some yards east of the main
site which has been interpreted as possibly being a temple for
the practice of what may have been a pre-Abrahamic religion.
(The layout of the structure is that of a temple, but there are
no signs of any 'graven images' ever having been present.)
Nabataean period
There is also plentiful evidence of a renowned Nabataean
settlement in the area including construction of a series of
walls around agricultural terraces.[3][10][/quote]
HTML https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beidha_(archaeological_site)
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