DIR Return Create A Forum - Home
---------------------------------------------------------
True Left
HTML https://trueleft.createaforum.com
---------------------------------------------------------
*****************************************************
DIR Return to: Mythical World
*****************************************************
#Post#: 1892--------------------------------------------------
Aryan pet food
By: 90sRetroFan Date: October 31, 2020, 12:51 am
---------------------------------------------------------
OLD CONTENT
www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/02/190214153031.htm
[quote]This is the conclusion of a research study led by
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB) and the University of
Barcelona (UB), which provides new data to describe and
understand the presence of dogs in sacred and funerary spaces of
the middle Neolithic in the Iberian Peninsula, and gets an
insight on the relation between humans and these animals. The
study has been published in the Journal of Archaeological
Science: Reports.
The study analyses the remains of twenty-six dogs found in
funerary structures from four sites and necropolises of the
Barcelona region, and has conducted an isotopic analysis for
eighteen of them, to determine whether the relation with their
owners included other aspects, such as a control of their diet.
...
The isotopic study of the remains and its comparison with
humans' and other herbivorous animals' diet in the site shows
the diet of most of these animals was similar to the diet of
humans, with a high presence of cereal, such as corn, and
vegetables. In two puppies and two adult dogs, nutrition was
mainly vegetarian and only a few cases had a diet rich in animal
protein.
"These data show a close coexistence between dogs and humans,
and probably, a specific preparation of their nutrition, which
is clear in the cases of a diet based on vegetables. They would
probably do so to obtain a better control of their tasks on
security and to save the time they would have to spend looking
for food. This management would explain the homogeneity of the
size of the animals," says Eulàlia Subirà, researcher in the
Research Group on Biological Anthropology (GREAB) of UAB.
...
Regarding food, there are only a few studies, with some cases of
mixed diets in France, Anatolia and China. "Recently, we saw
dogs have ten genes with a key function for starch and fat
digestion, which would make the carbohydrates assimilation more
efficient than its ancestor's, the wolf. Our study helps
reaching the conclusion that during the Neolithic, several
vegetables were introduced to their nutrition," notes Eulàlia
Subirà.[/quote]
Contrast with dogs used (for much longer) as hunting assistants
by Gentiles and (for somewhat less long) herding assistants by
Turanians, hence who would have had a meat-heavy diet.
---
www.plantbasednews.org/opinion/have-humans-evolved-carnivores-he
rbivores
[quote]Geochemical analysis of grains and pulses from Neolithic
sites confirms that, like their predecessors, early farmers
relied much more heavily on plant protein than previously
thought.
Relatively recent genetic changes that helped include the
increased production of amylase, an enzyme in our saliva that
helps us digest the starchy carbohydrates found in bread, rice,
and other wholegrains.
Interestingly, domesticated dogs produce much more amylase than
wolves from whom they evolved – not in their saliva but from
their pancreases – allowing them, too, to thrive on starch-rich
diets.[/quote]
HTML https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MG9XVMK0L1Y
---
www.discovermagazine.com/planet-earth/dogs-accompanied-the-first
-farmers-to-europe
[quote]Farm Dog, Meet Forager Dog
Agriculture arose about 11,000 years ago in the Fertile Crescent
in a region that today includes Iran and Iraq. Hundreds of years
later, farmers from that region migrated to Anatolia, or the
Asian part of Turkey. From there, many of them headed north into
southeastern Europe.
Tagging along on this epic migration were dogs originally bred
in the Near East. The scientists learned this by analyzing
mitochondrial DNA sequences from 99 ancient European and Near
Eastern dog remains spanning from the beginnings of dog
domestication to about 3,500 years ago. They discovered that the
farm dogs in southeastern Europe possessed mitochondrial
haplogroup D — found in canines in the Near East, but not in
dogs originating in Europe.
Before the farmers started arriving in southeast Europe about
8,200 years ago, the mountains, rivers and valleys in that
region were occupied only by hunter-gatherers. The
hunter-gatherers had dogs as well, but, according to the
researchers, their animals possessed mitochondrial haplogroup C,
which is not found in Near East dogs. That means the farmers’
and foragers’ dogs were part of two different groups, says
Ollivier.
Other than interaction along the Danube River between Romania
and Serbia, a region known today as the Iron Gates, the
hunter-gatherers and first farmers in southeast and central
Europe rarely met, says Joachim Burger, an archaeologist at
Mainz University in Germany who was not part of the study.
That changed by about 7,000 years ago, he says, when DNA
evidence reveals the groups were mixing to the extent of mating
and raising families.
Meanwhile, the farm dogs were replacing the forager dogs in
Europe. The haplogroup C animals, those with European roots,
decrease, while haplogroup D dogs, with Near Eastern roots,
increase, say Ollivier.
Ollivier and her co-lead author of the paper, Anne Tresset,
director of the National Center for Scientific Research in
France, are continuing to study the early European farm dogs.
They are discovering that, like people, the animals adapted to
an agriculture diet, which might include cereals, peas and
lentils.
Ollivier sees this as further evidence of the human and canine
connection. “Dog history reflects human history,” she says.
[/quote]
---
www.nature.com/articles/hdy201648
[quote]Adaptations allowing dogs to thrive on a diet rich in
starch, including a significant AMY2B copy number gain,
constituted a crucial step in the evolution of the dog from the
wolf. It is however not clear whether this change was associated
with the initial domestication, or represents a secondary shift
related to the subsequent development of agriculture. Previous
efforts to study this process were based on geographically
limited data sets and low-resolution methods, and it is
therefore not known to what extent the diet adaptations are
universal among dogs and whether there are regional differences
associated with alternative human subsistence strategies. Here
we use droplet PCR to investigate worldwide AMY2B copy number
diversity among indigenous as well as breed dogs and wolves to
elucidate how a change in dog diet was associated with the
domestication process and subsequent shifts in human
subsistence. We find that AMY2B copy numbers are bimodally
distributed with high copy numbers (median 2nAMY2B=11) in a
majority of dogs but no, or few, duplications (median 2nAMY2B=3)
in a small group of dogs originating mostly in Australia and the
Arctic. We show that this pattern correlates geographically to
the spread of prehistoric agriculture and conclude that the diet
change may not have been associated with initial domestication
but rather the subsequent development and spread of agriculture
to most, but not all regions of the globe.[/quote]
---
www.ancient-origins.net/news-history-archaeology/neolithic-chine
se-0013698
[quote]Researchers in China have found evidence that Stone Age
people had a close relationship with hares. While they never
domesticated them as they did with dogs, it appears that humans
changed the behaviors of these small mammals. The reasons for
prehistoric human interaction with hares may be a result of
cultural and religious beliefs, and this is allowing us to
understand the world of Neolithic Chinese people.
...
Based on the levels of isotopes, they found that they mostly ate
wild plants. However, it appears that the hares also consumed
millet in large quantities over a long period, on average 20% of
their diet consisted of this cereal.
...
Antiquity reports that “human influence on ecological niches can
drive rapid changes in the diet, behavior and evolutionary
trajectories of small mammals.” The research team’s analysis
revealed that the hares’ diet was at least supplemented by human
agriculture produce. This suggests a commensal relationship,
between hares and humans.
Antiquity states that this involved “animals benefiting from a
relationship with humans, which neither benefits nor harms the
latter.” This probably influenced the behavior of the hares, and
they found a niche for themselves in the new environment created
by the growing of millet in the area.
...
The latest research from China indicates the hares began to
gather around farming communities for food, and this led to the
development of a symbiotic relationship.
The results from one hare were of special interest to the team.
The isotope analysis found that the hare had consumed a great
deal of millet. Its diet was similar to a domesticated pig from
the period. While many hares were hunted at this time, this
mammal was fed and possibly protected by the local humans. The
research team leader, Pengfei Sheng from Fudan University,
stated according to an Antiquity Press Statement , “we found a
pet-like human-hare relationship beyond the hunter and the
hunted in Neolithic China.”[/quote]
We were protecting the hares (and pigs too!) from the Gentiles
who hunted them.
Speaking of pigs, some etymology:
HTML https://www.laphamsquarterly.org/sites/default/files/jia.jpg
HTML https://i.pinimg.com/originals/ae/9a/95/ae9a958e0b711f64d40504c0c580d29f.png
#Post#: 1896--------------------------------------------------
Re: Aryan pet food
By: 90sRetroFan Date: October 31, 2020, 1:11 am
---------------------------------------------------------
HTML https://science.sciencemag.org/content/370/6516/557
[quote]Expansions of steppe pastoralists associated with the
Yamnaya and Corded Ware cultures into Late Neolithic and Bronze
Age Europe transformed the ancestry of human populations (43,
45, 46). To test whether dog ancestry was similarly affected, we
analyzed a 3.8-ka-old dog from the eastern European steppe
associated with the Bronze Age Srubnaya culture. Although its
ancestry resembles that of western European dogs (Fig. 1C and
fig. S10), it is an outlier in the center of PC1–PC2 space (Fig.
1B). A Corded Ware–associated dog (4.7 ka ago) from Germany,
hypothesized to have steppe ancestry (14), can be modeled as
deriving 51% of its ancestry from a source related to the
Srubnaya steppe dog and the rest from a Neolithic European
source (data file S1) (30). We obtain similar results for a
Bronze Age Swedish dog (45%; 3.1 ka ago), but not a Bronze Age
Italian dog (4 ka ago).
Despite this potential link between the steppe and the Corded
Ware dog, most later European dogs display no particular
affinity to the Srubnaya dog. Modern European dogs instead
cluster with Neolithic European dogs (Fig. 1B) and do not mirror
the lasting ancestry shift seen in humans after the pastoralist
expansion (Fig. 3A). Earlier and additional steppe dog genomes
are needed to better understand this process, but the relative
continuity between Neolithic and present-day individuals
suggests that the arrival of steppe pastoralists did not result
in persistent large-scale shifts in the ancestry of European
dogs.[/quote]
Dogs >>>>>>>>>>>> Homo Hubris
*****************************************************