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#Post#: 3--------------------------------------------------
What is the difference between a strong base and a weak base?
By: Hani Smaik Date: July 27, 2019, 7:29 pm
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The usual way of comparing the strengths of bases is to see how
readily they produce hydroxide ions in solution. This may be
because they already contain hydroxide ions, or because they
take hydrogen ions from water molecules to produce hydroxide
ions.
A strong base is something like sodium hydroxide or potassium
hydroxide which is fully ionic. You can think of the compound as
being 100% split up into metal ions and hydroxide ions in
solution. Strong bases are characterized by the fact that they
dissociate completely in aqueous solution. Each mole of sodium
hydroxide dissolves to give a mole of hydroxide ions in
solution. In this case, sodium hydroxide, NaOH is classified as
a strong base because it dissociates completely in aqueous
solution to form sodium cations, Na+ and hydroxide anions, OH
−
“Weak” means when you dissolve it in water that not all of it
dissociates into its ions.
“Strong” means 100% of the acid or base dissociates into its
ions when you dissolve it in water.
For example, a 1M solution of acetic acid in water will only
dissociate about 5%. that means 95% dissolves but remains as
CH3COOH. Only 5% of the original amount becomes CH3COO−
and H+ in water.
If you make a 1M solution of HCl, then 100% of it will
dissociate into H+ and Cl−.
Similarly for bases, NaOH is strong and fully dissociates in
water into Na+ and OH− whereas ammonia, NH3, is weak and
only a small fraction of it becomes ammonium, NH+4, and
hydroxide ions, OH−.
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