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       #Post#: 1704--------------------------------------------------
       Batman 1998
       By: shoonlae Date: March 25, 2020, 5:03 am
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       Batman is a 1989 American superhero film directed by Tim Burton
       and produced by Jon Peters and Peter Guber, based on the DC
       Comics character of the same name. It is the first installment
       of Warner Bros.' initial Batman film series. The film stars Jack
       Nicholson as the Joker and Michael Keaton as Bruce Wayne /
       Batman, alongside Kim Basinger, Robert Wuhl, Pat Hingle, Billy
       Dee Williams, Michael Gough, and Jack Palance. The film takes
       place early in the title character's war on crime, and depicts a
       battle with the Joker.
       After Burton was hired as director in 1986, Steve Englehart and
       Julie Hickson wrote film treatments before Sam Hamm wrote the
       first screenplay. Batman was not greenlit until after the
       success of Burton's Beetlejuice (1988). Numerous A-list actors
       were considered for the role of Batman before Keaton was cast.
       Keaton's casting caused a controversy since, by 1988, he had
       become typecast as a comedic actor and many observers doubted he
       could portray a serious role.[3] Nicholson accepted the role of
       the Joker under strict conditions that dictated top billing, a
       portion of the film's earnings (including associated
       merchandise), and his own shooting schedule.
       The tone and themes of the film were influenced in part by Alan
       Moore and Brian Bolland's The Killing Joke and Frank Miller's
       The Dark Knight Returns. The film primarily adapts the "Red
       Hood" origin story for the Joker, in which Batman inadvertently
       creates the Joker by causing him to fall into Axis Chemical
       acid, resulting in his transformation into a psychopath, but it
       adds a unique twist in presenting him specifically as a gangster
       named Jack Napier. Filming took place at Pinewood Studios from
       October 1988 to January 1989. The budget escalated from $30
       million to $48 million, while the 1988 Writers Guild of America
       strike forced Hamm to drop out. Warren Skaaren did rewrites.
       Additional uncredited drafts were done by Charles McKeown and
       Jonathan Gems.
       Batman was a critical and financial success, earning over $400
       million in box office totals. It was the fifth-highest-grossing
       film in history at the time of its release. The film received
       several Saturn Award nominations and a Golden Globe nomination,
       and won an Academy Award. It also inspired the equally
       successful Batman: The Animated Series, paving the way for the
       DC animated universe, and has influenced Hollywood's modern
       marketing and development techniques of the superhero film
       genre. Three sequels, Batman Returns (1992), Batman Forever
       (1995) and Batman & Robin (1997), were released.
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