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#Post#: 87--------------------------------------------------
How to: Validate and Merge PrintTickets
By: eyeconic Date: April 5, 2018, 9:50 am
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The Microsoft Windows Print Schema includes the flexible and
extensible PrintCapabilities and PrintTicket elements. The
former itemizes the capabilities of a print device and the
latter specifies how the device should use those capabilities
with respect to a particular sequence of documents, individual
document, or individual page.
A typical sequence of tasks for an application that supports
printing would be as follows.
1.Determine a printer's capabilities.
2.Configure a PrintTicket to use those capabilities.
3.Validate the PrintTicket.
This article shows how to do this.
Example
In the simple example below, we are interested only in whether a
printer can support duplexing — two-sided printing. The major
steps are as follows.
1.Get a PrintCapabilities object with the GetPrintCapabilities
method.
2.Test for the presence of the capability you want. In the
example below, we test the DuplexingCapability property of the
PrintCapabilities object for the presence of the capability of
printing on both sides of a sheet of paper with the "page
turning" along the long side of the sheet. Since
DuplexingCapability is a collection, we use the Contains method
of ReadOnlyCollection<T>.
Note
This step is not strictly necessary. The
MergeAndValidatePrintTicket method used below will check each
request in the PrintTicket against the capabilities of the
printer. If the requested capability is not supported by
printer, the printer driver will substitute an alternative
request in the PrintTicket returned by the method.
3.If the printer supports duplexing, the sample code creates a
PrintTicket that asks for duplexing. But the application does
not specify every possible printer setting available in the
PrintTicket element. That would be wasteful of both programmer
and program time. Instead, the code sets only the duplexing
request and then merges this PrintTicket with an existing, fully
configured and validated, PrintTicket, in this case, the user's
default PrintTicket.
4.Accordingly, the sample calls the MergeAndValidatePrintTicket
method to merge the new, minimal, PrintTicket with the user's
default PrintTicket. This returns a ValidationResult that
includes the new PrintTicket as one of its properties.
5.The sample then tests that the new PrintTicket requests
duplexing. If it does, then the sample makes it the new default
print ticket for the user. If step 2 above had been left out and
the printer did not support duplexing along the long side, then
the test would have resulted in false. (See the note above.)
6.The last significant step is to commit the change to the
UserPrintTicket property of the PrintQueue with the Commit
method.
C# Copy
/// <summary>
/// Changes the user-default PrintTicket setting of the
specified print queue.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="queue">the printer whose user-default
PrintTicket setting needs to be changed</param>
static private void ChangePrintTicketSetting(PrintQueue queue)
{
//
// Obtain the printer's PrintCapabilities so we can
determine whether or not
// duplexing printing is supported by the printer.
//
PrintCapabilities printcap = queue.GetPrintCapabilities();
//
// The printer's duplexing capability is returned as a
read-only collection of duplexing options
// that can be supported by the printer. If the collection
returned contains the duplexing
// option we want to set, it means the duplexing option we
want to set is supported by the printer,
// so we can make the user-default PrintTicket setting
change.
//
if
(printcap.DuplexingCapability.Contains(Duplexing.TwoSidedLongEdg
e))
{
//
// To change the user-default PrintTicket, we can first
create a delta PrintTicket with
// the new duplexing setting.
//
PrintTicket deltaTicket = new PrintTicket();
deltaTicket.Duplexing = Duplexing.TwoSidedLongEdge;
//
// Then merge the delta PrintTicket onto the printer's
current user-default PrintTicket,
// and validate the merged PrintTicket to get the new
PrintTicket we want to set as the
// printer's new user-default PrintTicket.
//
ValidationResult result =
queue.MergeAndValidatePrintTicket(queue.UserPrintTicket,
deltaTicket);
//
// The duplexing option we want to set could be
constrained by other PrintTicket settings
// or device settings. We can check the validated merged
PrintTicket to see whether the
// the validation process has kept the duplexing option
we want to set unchanged.
//
if (result.ValidatedPrintTicket.Duplexing ==
Duplexing.TwoSidedLongEdge)
{
//
// Set the printer's user-default PrintTicket and
commit the set operation.
//
queue.UserPrintTicket = result.ValidatedPrintTicket;
queue.Commit();
Console.WriteLine("PrintTicket new duplexing setting
is set on '{0}'.", queue.FullName);
}
else
{
//
// The duplexing option we want to set has been
changed by the validation process
// when it was resolving setting constraints.
//
Console.WriteLine("PrintTicket new duplexing setting
is constrained on '{0}'.", queue.FullName);
}
}
else
{
//
// If the printer doesn't support the duplexing option
we want to set, skip it.
//
Console.WriteLine("PrintTicket new duplexing setting is
not supported on '{0}'.", queue.FullName);
}
}
So that you can quickly test this example, the remainder of it
is presented below. Create a project and a namespace and then
paste both the code snippets in this article into the namespace
block.
C# Copy
/// <summary>
/// Displays the correct command line syntax to run this sample
program.
/// </summary>
static private void DisplayUsage()
{
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("Usage #1: printticket.exe -l
\"<printer_name>\"");
Console.WriteLine(" Run program on the specified local
printer");
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine(" Quotation marks may be omitted if
there are no spaces in printer_name.");
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("Usage #2: printticket.exe -r
\"\\\\<server_name>\\<printer_name>\"");
Console.WriteLine(" Run program on the specified
network printer");
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine(" Quotation marks may be omitted if
there are no spaces in server_name or printer_name.");
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("Usage #3: printticket.exe -a");
Console.WriteLine(" Run program on all installed
printers");
Console.WriteLine();
}
[STAThread]
static public void Main(string[] args)
{
try
{
if ((args.Length == 1) && (args[0] == "-a"))
{
//
// Change PrintTicket setting for all local and
network printer connections.
//
LocalPrintServer server = new LocalPrintServer();
EnumeratedPrintQueueTypes[] queue_types =
{EnumeratedPrintQueueTypes.Local,
EnumeratedPrintQueueTypes.Connections};
//
// Enumerate through all the printers.
//
foreach (PrintQueue queue in
server.GetPrintQueues(queue_types))
{
//
// Change the PrintTicket setting queue by
queue.
//
ChangePrintTicketSetting(queue);
}
}//end if -a
else if ((args.Length == 2) && (args[0] == "-l"))
{
//
// Change PrintTicket setting only for the specified
local printer.
//
LocalPrintServer server = new LocalPrintServer();
PrintQueue queue = new PrintQueue(server, args[1]);
ChangePrintTicketSetting(queue);
}//end if -l
else if ((args.Length == 2) && (args[0] == "-r"))
{
//
// Change PrintTicket setting only for the specified
remote printer.
//
String serverName =
args[1].Remove(args[1].LastIndexOf(@"\"));
String printerName = args[1].Remove(0,
args[1].LastIndexOf(@"\")+1);
PrintServer ps = new PrintServer(serverName);
PrintQueue queue = new PrintQueue(ps, printerName);
ChangePrintTicketSetting(queue);
}//end if -r
else
{
//
// Unrecognized command line.
// Show user the correct command line syntax to run
this sample program.
//
DisplayUsage();
}
}
catch (Exception e)
{
Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
Console.WriteLine(e.StackTrace);
//
// Show inner exception information if it's provided.
//
if (e.InnerException != null)
{
Console.WriteLine("--- Inner Exception ---");
Console.WriteLine(e.InnerException.Message);
Console.WriteLine(e.InnerException.StackTrace);
}
}
finally
{
Console.WriteLine("Press Return to continue...");
Console.ReadLine();
}
}//end Main
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