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#Post#: 360--------------------------------------------------
MUSCLE WASTING AND TESTOSTERONE (BOOST)
By: Road2HardCoreIron Date: August 2, 2018, 4:13 pm
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Muscle Wasting and Testosterone Therapy
Muscle wasting, or the loss of lean body mass, occurs for a
variety of reasons. For certain patient populations,
testosterone therapy offers an opportunity to regain muscle mass
and strength. After medical research demonstrated correlations
between changes in testosterone levels and muscle strength,
physicians began using testosterone as treatment for patients
with severe muscle loss. As a result of this testosterone
therapy, numerous patients experienced improvements in muscle
mass and strength.
Example of Muscle Wasting
Muscle Wasting & Testosterone Therapy
There are multiple mechanisms by which testosterone helps build
muscle. Perhaps the most direct influence testosterone has on
the muscular system is through its binding to skeletal muscle
cell receptors and stimulating synthesis of the protein that
forms muscle. Testosterone also plays an important role in
muscle genesis by recruiting stem cells to develop into muscle
cells, thereby increasing lean body mass.
Muscle Wasting from Aging
As we get older, our production of sex hormones, including
testosterone, tends to decrease. Muscle begin to deteriorate and
our overall physiology begins to change and many causes can be
attributed to this. Additionally, our tissues often become less
sensitive to these hormones. The combination of these changes
can result in our failure to experience effects of sex hormones.
Because one important effect of sex hormones is muscle
production, loss of sex hormone efficacy often leads to muscle
wasting. As muscle wasting can occur from a reduction in
testosterone, it is perhaps not surprising that testosterone
administration tends to increase muscle mass and strength in
older individuals with reduced serum testosterone levels. By
simply replacing a hormone they are running out of, these older
individuals can prevent unwanted changes that may accompany
aging.
Dr. Olivieri emphasizes that as an elderly person you receive
treatment for muscle wasting only from an experience
testosterone therapy clinician. There are many vast different in
treating male muscle wasting and female muscle wasting.
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Testosterone deficiency is often observed in patients with Type
2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and is particularly prevalent in male
patients. Reduced levels of testosterone are associated with
insulin resistance, a hallmark of T2DM. The majority of the
body’s insulin sensitivity is accounted for by skeletal muscle,
and it is thus possible that low testosterone levels contribute
to the insulin resistance observed in T2DM. Therefore, while
testosterone replacement therapy can reduce muscle wasting (a
symptom of diabetes), it has also been shown to improve insulin
sensitivity (a cause of diabetes) and glucose control in these
patients.
Many lifestyle changes can greatly impact the treating of
diabetes such as diet and exercise. The addition of testosterone
therapy can greatly aid the recovery process but must be monitor
closely by adequate doctors.
Another mechanism by which testosterone therapy may improve
muscle wasting in diabetic patients has recently been revealed;
cellular activation of a protein called NFkB is sufficient for
skeletal muscle atrophy. In T2DM, signaling pathways involving
this protein are altered. As testosterone is associated with
decreased NFkB activation, its administration may help prevent
muscle wasting through inhibition of this specific pathway.
Thus, in this population, the benefits of testosterone therapy
are multifold.
A diabetic patient can sometimes suffer from being overweight or
possible obese. While a direct correlation of testosterone
levels has not been tied to body weight there is a strong
causation in the effects increased testosterone provides. Many
patients adhere to diet and exercise routines because of
increase energy and mood.
Contact Dr. Joseph Olivieri, MD, FAAFP for a free medical
consultation to speak about your diabetes concerns or to
schedule a testosterone test with Dr. Olivieri, please call us
at 212-510-7020 or send an email to contact@ageonicsmedical.com.
Muscle Wasting and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
Dr. Joseph Olivieri has over 4 decades experience and
specializes in treating the HIV virus with testosterone
replacement therapy.
In patients with HIV, muscle wasting often occurs as a result of
excessive break down of the protein comprising muscle. Our
bodies normally break down ingested molecules for energy.
However, in a weakened state, the rate of our protein break down
often increases because protein is easier to break down than
fat. Patients with HIV sometimes experience organ damage and
immune cell destruction. These patients may also excessively
break down protein to aid in organ repair and immune cell
replacement. In this set of patients, muscle mass loss and
decreased exercise capacity are associated with lower
testosterone levels. A recent assessment of several studies
evaluating the effects of testosterone therapy on muscle wasting
in HIV patients determined that testosterone administration
significantly increases muscle mass and strength in these
patients. Specifically, whereas oral testosterone administration
increased muscle mass and strength in these studies,
intra-muscular injections of testosterone increased these muscle
properties at an even higher rate. Thus, testosterone therapy
has a demonstrated efficacy in HIV patients.
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