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Growth Hormone Do's and Don't (Things to know)
DIR By: Road2HardCoreIron
Date: March 9, 2023, 8:57 pm
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Mayo Clinic
Drugs and Supplements
Growth Hormone (Parenteral Route)
Description and Brand Names
Drug information provided by: IBM Micromedex
Descriptions
Somatrem and somatropin are man-made versions of human growth
hormone. Growth hormone is naturally produced by the pituitary
gland and is necessary to stimulate growth in children. Man-made
growth hormone may be used in children who have certain
conditions that cause failure to grow normally. These conditions
include growth hormone deficiency (inability to produce enough
growth hormone), kidney disease, Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS),
and Turner's syndrome. Growth hormone is also used in adults to
treat growth failure and to treat weight loss caused by acquired
immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).
This medicine is available only with your doctor's prescription.
Before Using
Allergies
Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic
reaction to medicines in this group or any other medicines. Also
tell your health care professional if you have any other types
of allergies, such as to foods dyes, preservatives, or animals.
For non-prescription products, read the label or package
ingredients carefully.
Pediatric
There is no specific information comparing use of growth hormone
in children with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) with
use in other age groups.
Geriatric
Many medicines have not been studied specifically in older
people. Therefore, it may not be known whether they work exactly
the same way they do in younger adults. Although there is no
specific information comparing use of growth hormone in the
elderly with use in other age groups, it is not expected to
cause different side effects or problems in older people than it
does in younger adults. However, elderly patients may be more
sensitive to the action of growth hormone drugs and may be more
at risk to develop adverse reactions.
Pregnancy
Growth hormone has not been studied in pregnant women. However,
in animal studies, growth hormone has not been shown to cause
birth defects or other problems. This drug should be used during
pregnancy only if clearly needed. Tell your doctor if you are
pregnant or plan on becoming pregnant.
Breastfeeding
It is not known whether growth hormone passes into breast milk.
However, you should tell your doctor if you are nursing.
Drug Interactions
Although certain medicines should not be used together at all,
in other cases two different medicines may be used together even
if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may
want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary.
When you are taking any of these medicines, it is especially
important that your healthcare professional know if you are
taking any of the medicines listed below. The following
interactions have been selected on the basis of their potential
significance and are not necessarily all-inclusive.
Using medicines in this class with any of the following
medicines is usually not recommended, but may be required in
some cases. If both medicines are prescribed together, your
doctor may change the dose or how often you use one or both of
the medicines.
Balofloxacin
Besifloxacin
Bupropion
Ciprofloxacin
Enoxacin
Fleroxacin
Flumequine
Gatifloxacin
Gemifloxacin
Levofloxacin
Lomefloxacin
Moxifloxacin
Nadifloxacin
Norfloxacin
Ofloxacin
Pazufloxacin
Pefloxacin
Prulifloxacin
Rufloxacin
Sparfloxacin
Tosufloxacin
Other Interactions
Certain medicines should not be used at or around the time of
eating food or eating certain types of food since interactions
may occur. Using alcohol or tobacco with certain medicines may
also cause interactions to occur. Discuss with your healthcare
professional the use of your medicine with food, alcohol, or
tobacco.
Other Medical Problems
The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of
medicines in this class. Make sure you tell your doctor if you
have any other medical problems, especially:
Acute critical illnesses (e.g., complications following open
heart or abdominal surgery, accidental trauma, or respiratory
failure)—Growth hormone use has not been studied in patients
with these serious illnesses. Your doctor will weigh the
benefits and risks before starting you on this medicine.
Brain tumor—Growth hormone should not be used in patients who
have a brain tumor that is still growing.
Diabetes mellitus (sugar diabetes) or a family history of
diabetes mellitus—Growth hormone may prevent insulin from
working as well as it should; your doctor may have to change
your dose of insulin.
Diabetic retinopathy (inflammation of the retina in diabetic
patients)—Growth hormone should not be used in these patients.
Prader-Willi syndrome [a rare genetic disorder]—Certain patients
with this rare genetic disorder may be at increased risk for
side effects from growth hormone therapy. You and your doctor
will decide if growth hormone is right for you.
Tumors—If you already have a tumor, your doctor should treat you
for it before beginning this medicine. If the tumor comes back,
growth hormone medicine should be stopped.
Underactive thyroid—This condition can interfere with the
effects of growth hormone.
Proper Use
Some medicines given by injection may sometimes be given at home
to patients who do not need to be in the hospital. If you are
using this medicine at home, your health care professional will
teach you how to prepare and inject the medicine. You will have
a chance to practice preparing and injecting it. Be certain that
you understand exactly how the medicine is to be prepared and
injected.
It is important to read the patient information and instructions
for use, if provided with your medicine, each time your
prescription is filled.
It is important to follow any instructions from your doctor
about the careful selection and rotation of injection sites on
your body. This will help to prevent skin problems.
Put used needles and syringes in a puncture-resistant disposable
container or dispose of them as directed by your health care
professional. Do not reuse needles and syringes.
Dosing
The dose medicines in this class will be different for different
patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the
label. The following information includes only the average doses
of these medicines. If your dose is different, do not change it
unless your doctor tells you to do so.
The amount of medicine that you take depends on the strength of
the medicine. Also, the number of doses you take each day, the
time allowed between doses, and the length of time you take the
medicine depend on the medical problem for which you are using
the medicine.
For somatrem
For injection dosage form:
For treatment of growth failure caused by growth hormone
deficiency:
Children—Dose is based on body weight and must be determined by
your doctor. The usual total weekly dose is 0.3 milligram (mg)
per kilogram (kg) (0.136 mg per pound) of body weight. This is
divided into smaller doses and usually is injected under the
skin, but may be injected into a muscle as determined by your
doctor.
For somatropin
For injection dosage form:
For treatment of growth failure caused by growth hormone
deficiency:
Adults—Dose is based on body weight and must be determined by
your doctor. At first, it is usually 0.005 milligram (mg) per
kilogram (kg) (0.0023 mg per pound) of body weight injected
under the skin once a day. Your doctor may then increase the
dose if needed.
Adults using Norditropin Cartridges or Norditropin
NordiFlex—Dose is based on body weight and must be determined by
your doctor. At first, it is usually 0.004 milligram (mg) per
kilogram (kg) (0.0002 mg per pound) of body weight injected
under the skin once a day. Your doctor may then increase the
dose if needed. The dose is given using a NordiPen injection
device for Norditropin cartridges and a prefilled pen for
Norditropin NordiFlex.
Children—Dose is based on body weight and must be determined by
your doctor. The usual total weekly dose is 0.16 to 0.3 mg per
kg (0.073 to 0.136 mg per pound) of body weight. This is divided
into smaller doses and usually is injected under the skin, but
may be injected into a muscle as determined by your doctor.
Children using Norditropin Cartridges or Norditropin
NordiFlex—Dose is based on body weight and must be determined by
your doctor. The usual dose is 0.024 to 0.034 mg per kg (0.011
to 0.015 mg per pound of body weight) injected under the skin,
on 6 to 7 days a week. The dose is given using a NordiPen
injection device for Norditropin cartridges and a prefilled pen
for Norditropin NordiFlex.
For treatment of growth failure caused by kidney disease:
Children—Dose is based on body weight and must be determined by
your doctor. The usual total weekly dose is 0.35 mg per kg (0.16
mg per pound) of body weight. This is divided into smaller daily
doses and is injected under the skin or into a muscle.
For treatment of growth failure caused by Turner's syndrome:
Children—Dose is based on body weight and must be determined by
your doctor. The usual total weekly dose is 0.375 mg per kg
(0.17 mg per pound) of body weight. This is divided into smaller
doses and is injected under the skin.
For treatment of growth failure caused by Prader-Willi syndrome:
Children—Dose is based on body weight and must be determined by
your doctor. The usual total weekly dose is 0.24 mg per kg (0.11
mg per pound) of body weight. This is divided into 6 or 7
smaller doses over the course of the week and is injected under
the skin.
For treatment of weight loss caused by acquired immunodeficiency
disease (AIDS):
Adults weighing more than 121 pounds (55 kg)—6 mg injected under
the skin once a day at bedtime.
Adults weighing 99 to 121 pounds (45 to 55 kg)—5 mg injected
under the skin once a day at bedtime.
Adults weighing 77 to 98 pounds (35 to 44 kg)—4 mg injected
under the skin once a day at bedtime.
Adults weighing less than 77 pounds (35 kg)—Dose is based on
body weight and must be determined by your doctor. It is usually
0.1 mg per kg (0.045 mg per pound) of body weight injected under
the skin once a day at bedtime.
Children—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
Storage
Keep out of the reach of children.
Do not keep outdated medicine or medicine no longer needed.
Store at temperature directed by your health care professional
or the manufacturer.
Precautions
It is important that your doctor check your progress at regular
visits.
Side Effects
Leukemia has been reported in a few patients after treatment
with growth hormone. However, it is not definitely known whether
the leukemia was caused by the growth hormone. Leukemia has also
been reported in patients whose bodies do not make enough growth
hormone and who have not yet been treated with man-made growth
hormone. However, discuss this possible effect with your doctor.
If growth hormone is given to children or adults with normal
growth, who do not need growth hormone, serious unwanted effects
may occur because levels in the body become too high. These
effects include the development of diabetes; abnormal growth of
bones and internal organs such as the heart, kidneys, and liver;
atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries); and hypertension
(high blood pressure).
Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some
unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may
occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention.
Check with your doctor as soon as possible if any of the
following side effects occur:
More common
Abnormal or decreased touch sensation
blurred vision
burning, crawling, itching, numbness, prickling, "pins and
needles", or tingling feelings
dizziness
ear infection or other ear problems (in patients with Turner's
syndrome)
nervousness
pounding in the ears
severe headache
slow or fast heartbeat
Less common
Chest pain
Rare
Abdominal pain or bloating
changes in vision
depression of skin at place of injection
headache
limp
nausea and vomiting
pain and swelling at place of injection
pain in hip or knee
skin rash or itching
Some side effects may occur that usually do not need medical
attention. These side effects may go away during treatment as
your body adjusts to the medicine. Also, your health care
professional may be able to tell you about ways to prevent or
reduce some of these side effects. Check with your health care
professional if any of the following side effects continue or
are bothersome or if you have any questions about them:
More common
Back pain
chills
cough or cough producing mucus
constipation
depressed mood
diarrhea
difficulty in breathing
difficulty in moving
dizziness
dry skin and hair
ear congestion
feeling cold
fever
general feeling of discomfort or illness
hair loss
hoarseness or husky voice
loss of appetite
loss of voice
runny nose
shivering
shortness of breath
sore throat
slowed heartbeat
sneezing
stuffy nose
sweating
swollen joints
tightness in chest
trouble sleeping
weight gain
wheezing
Less common or rare
Carpal tunnel syndrome
enlargement of breasts
feeling sad or empty
increased growth of birthmarks
irritability
joint pain
loss of interest or pleasure
muscle pain, cramps, or stiffness
skeletal pain
sleepiness
swelling of hands, feet, or lower legs
trouble concentrating
unable to sleep
unusual tiredness or weakness
Other side effects not listed may also occur in some patients.
If you notice any other effects, check with your healthcare
professional.
Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may
report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.
Portions of this document last updated: Feb. 01, 2023
Original article:
HTML https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/growth-hormone-parenteral-route/side-effects/DRG-20069416
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