URI:
   DIR Return Create A Forum - Home
       ---------------------------------------------------------
       Renewable Revolution
  HTML https://renewablerevolution.createaforum.com
       ---------------------------------------------------------
       *****************************************************
   DIR Return to: Advances in Health Care
       *****************************************************
       #Post#: 522--------------------------------------------------
       Communication Mechanisms Within the Human Body
       By: AGelbert Date: December 8, 2013, 3:40 pm
       ---------------------------------------------------------
       Surprising Discovery: Skin Communicates With Liver  :o
       [img width=640
       height=380]
  HTML http://s.ph-cdn.com/newman/gfx/news/hires/2013/1-surprisingdi.jpg[/img]
       Dec. 6, 2013 — Researchers from the University of Southern
       Denmark have discovered that the skin is capable of
       communicating with the liver. The discovery has surprised the
       scientists, and they say that it may help our understanding of
       how skin diseases can affect the rest of the body.
       Professor Susanne Mandrup and her research group in
       collaboration with Nils Færgeman's research group at the
       Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology at the
       University of Southern Denmark was actually studying something
       completely different when they made the groundbreaking
       discovery: That the skin, which is the body's largest organ, can
       "talk" to the liver.
       "We have showed that the skin affects the metabolism in the
       liver, and that is quite a surprise," say Susanne Mandrup and
       Ditte Neess, a former student in the Mandrup research group and
       now laboratory manager in Professor Nils Færgeman's group.
       The phenomenon was observed in the researcher's laboratory mice.
       The Mandrup and Færgeman groups work with so-called knock-out
       mice, in which a specific fat binding protein called acyl CoA
       binding protein has been removed (knocked out). Some knock-out
       mice produced by the researchers had a strange greasy fur, and
       they had difficulties being weaned from their mother. In the
       weaning period they gained less weight and showed a failure to
       thrive. Analyses also showed that the mice accumulated fat in
       the liver at weaning.
       "At first we thought that the fat accumulation in the liver was
       linked with the fact that the gene was missing in the liver of
       the knock-out mice. But this was ruled out by a series of
       studies, and we had to find another explanation," says Ditte
       Neess.
       She and her colleagues took another look at the rumpled and weak
       knock-out mice. Their fur was greasy, and they had a leaky skin
       from which they lost more water than normal mice.
       "When they lose water, they also lose heat. We therefore asked
       ourselves whether this water and heat loss could be the reason
       why the mice accumulated fat in the liver and became weak when
       weaned from their mother," says Ditte Neess.
       To clarify this, the researchers made ​​some mice
       that lacked the fat binding protein only in the skin. Similar to
       the full knockouts these mice had difficulties after weaning and
       accumulated fat in the liver. So this showed that the lack of
       the fat-binding protein in the skin was sufficient to induce
       accumulation of fat in the liver.
       To get to the bottom of how a defect in the skin "talks" to the
       liver, the researchers decided to cover the mice with Vaseline.
       This would prevent water evaporating from the skin and thus
       stopping the heat loss. As a result the fat accumulation in the
       liver disappeared. But as Vaseline contains fat, that could
       theoretically be absorbed by the skin or ingested by the mice,
       the researchers were a little unsure if there were side effects
       from the Vaseline. A student proposed to cover the mice with
       liquid latex, which she found in a local sex shop.
       Having covered the mice in blue latex the researchers saw that
       fat accumulation in the liver again disappeared.
       "We believe that the leaking of water from the skin makes the
       mice feel cold, and that this leads to breaking down of fat in
       their adipose (fat) tissue. The broken down fat is then moved to
       the liver. The mice move energy from the tissues to the liver,"
       Susanne Mandrup and Ditte Neess explain.
  HTML http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/12/131206101611.htm
       #Post#: 1038--------------------------------------------------
       Re: Communication Mechanisms Within the Human Body
       By: AGelbert Date: May 3, 2014, 12:40 am
       ---------------------------------------------------------
  HTML http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kJ9soVXzesI&feature=player_embedded
       Creating amazing 3-D views of living cells without killing them.
       [img width=40
       height=40]
  HTML http://www.clker.com/cliparts/c/8/f/8/11949865511933397169thumbs_up_nathan_eady_01.svg.hi.png[/img]<br
       />
       
       Originally published:  May 1 2014 - 2:30pm  .
       
       By:  Karin Heineman, ISTV Executive Producer
  HTML http://www.insidescience.org/content/making-living-cells-easier-see/1626
       #Post#: 1701--------------------------------------------------
       Re: Communication Mechanisms Within the Human Body
       By: AGelbert Date: August 15, 2014, 12:57 pm
       ---------------------------------------------------------
       Shadow Medicine: The Placebo in Conventional and Alternative
       Therapies
       By John S. Haller Jr.
       Columbia University Press, July 2014
       In Shadow Medicine, medical historian John S. Haller Jr. calls
       for a truce between evidence-based medicine (EBM) and
       complementary and alternative medicine (CAM).
       Haller writes. “The placebo highlights the nonspecific (i.e.,
       nonbiological) aspect of medicine, a condition that creates a
       distracting ambiguity for the medical scientist who finds it
       difficult to build a bridge between the material and the
       psychosomatic and behavioral side of healing. To ignore or
       otherwise discount this phenomenon is to deny the multifactorial
       nature of disease
       causation.”
  HTML http://www.desismileys.com/smileys/desismileys_0293.gif
       Devising new experimental protocols that can better tease out a
       scientific footing for the placebo could be the key to bridging
       the gap between EBM and CAM, Haller urges.
  HTML http://www.the-scientist.com//?articles.view/articleNo/40601/title/Capsule-Reviews/
       *****************************************************