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       #Post#: 591--------------------------------------------------
       Why Did Pirates Wear An Eyepatch? 
       By: AGelbert Date: December 21, 2013, 12:04 am
       ---------------------------------------------------------
       Why Did Pirates Wear An Eyepatch if They Did Not Have an Injury?
       [img width=100
       height=100]
  HTML http://www.websmileys.com/sm/aliens/hae51.gif[/img]
       It is thought that the reason pirates would wear an eyepatch
       even if they did not have an eye injury was to help their eyes
       adjust to going back and forth between light and dark. It
       typically takes the eyes 25 minutes to adjust to seeing in the
       dark because they must regenerate photopigments, which send
       visual signals to the brain. Pirates would often have to go
       quickly from being in the dark below the decks of their ships to
       being on the sunlit ship decks. Wearing an eyepatch would allow
       a pirate to switch the eye patch to the other side when moving
       between locations and bypass the 25-minute adjustment period.
       [img width=100
       height=100]
  HTML http://www.pic4ever.com/images/pirates5B15D_th.gif[/img]
       More about pirates:
       •Early 18th-century pirate Black Bart is thought to have
       captured more than 400 ships, the most of any pirate.
       •Although legend has it that pirates would often bury treasure,
       historians claim that pirates typically used most of their
       stolen goods to purchase women and alcohol. In fact,
       entrepreneurs at popular ports were known to set up shops that
       catered to pirates.
       •In the 1670s, pirate Henry Morgan served as governor of
       Jamaica, and he even helped prosecute other pirates during his
       administration.  ;D
  HTML http://www.wisegeek.com/why-did-pirates-wear-an-eyepatch-if-they-did-not-have-an-injury.htm
       #Post#: 612--------------------------------------------------
       With only 4% of US farmland, California is one of the top agricu
       ltural producers
       By: AGelbert Date: December 23, 2013, 10:55 pm
       ---------------------------------------------------------
       How Big Is California’s Agricultural Sector?
       California’s agricultural sector is the largest in the US in
       terms of food production, with more than 450 types of crops
       produced in the state — many of them being exclusive to the
       state. Total agricultural sales in California were more than $44
       billion US Dollars (USD) in 2012, up 3% from 2011. Milk took in
       the most money, at more than $6 billion USD, followed by grapes
       and almonds at more than $4 billion USD each. In addition to
       having one of the top agricultural sectors in the US,
       California also is the world's No. 5 supplier of agricultural
       commodities, including food and cotton fiber.
       More about California agriculture:
       •Only 4% of the farmland in the US is located in California,
       even though it is one of the top agricultural producers in the
       country.
       •California is the only US state that produces almonds, and it
       is the top almond exporter in the world.
       •About 90% of the wine made in the US is made in California, and
       the state is the No. 4 producer of wine worldwide.
  HTML http://www.wisegeek.com/how-big-is-californias-agricultural-sector.htm
       #Post#: 630--------------------------------------------------
       Re: Non-routine News
       By: AGelbert Date: December 27, 2013, 6:42 pm
       ---------------------------------------------------------
       [img width=640
       height=380]
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       [img width=640
       height=380]
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       Ice Storm hits Agelbert. We had a full two inches of solid ice
       on EVERYTHING outside (except the tree branches that have a
       quarter inch of pretty, sparkly ice glaze encasing them).
       The car was stuck in the driveway and required warming up and
       turing the wheels left and right to free from the ice. Nobody
       here has ever seen that thick of an ice layer. The town went
       nuts throwing sand around because the plows couldn't get down to
       the road surface and it was too cold for the salt to work for a
       couple of days. They did eventually throw a LOT of salt out
       there too.
       [img width=640
       height=380]
  HTML http://i1.ytimg.com/vi/8RwCZi0QSKQ/maxresdefault.jpg[/img]
       Colchester’s Weekly Town News
       For the Week Ending December 27, 2013
       Colchester, Vermont Public Works Department—Bryan Osborne,
       Director Week ending December
       In the aftermath of Winter Storm Gemini, we thought the
       following information would be of interest:
       Statistics
       Storm duration: 60 hours from Friday noon to Monday noon
       Weather conditions: icing and sub-freezing temperatures
       Miles of public roads maintained: 90 miles
       Miles of private roads maintained: 20 miles
       Miles of sidewalks/paths maintained: 37 miles
       Number of parking lots maintained: 6
       Number of snow maintenance personnel available: 10
       Maintenance staff overtime: 226 hours
       Supervisor non-paid overtime: 38 hours
       Fuel consumption: 924 gallons
       Salt usage: 232 tons
       For further information or comment, please call June Campbell at
       264-5509.
  HTML http://colchestervt.gov/
       [img]
  HTML http://mlkshk.com/r/3CER[/img]
       [img width=320
       height=480]
  HTML http://www.wptz.com/image/view/-/22813420/highRes/1/-/maxh/460/maxw/620/-/hi6m7gz/-/Kathleen-Cook.jpg[/img]
       BURLINGTON, Vt. —A death certificate indicates that the
       University of Vermont's associate director of residential life
       whose body was found in a house fire died of a self-inflicted
       gunshot wound.
       Kathleen Cook's body was found Thursday morning during an early
       morning fire at an on-campus home owned by the university.
       The Burlington Free Press reports that the cause of the fire has
       not been released.
       Cook had worked at the university for 16 years and was described
       as a devoted educator.
  HTML http://www.wptz.com/news/vermont-new-york/burlington/university-of-vermont-staff-member-dies-in-suicide/-/8869880/22813272/-/13vyo0l/-/index.html#ixzz2oivNsyXy
       Dr. Kathleen M. Cook
       Kathy Cook helped make UVM a welcoming place for everyone
       By Katy Cardin, News Editor
       Published: Tuesday, November 5, 2013
       Dr. Kathleen Cook’s legacy at UVM began 24 years ago and will
       continue on as members of the UVM community remember her
       inspirational disposition and kind spirit.
       Known more fondly as “Kathy” among her friends and colleagues,
       the 45-year-old associate director for Residential Life at the
       University died from a self-inflicted gunshot wound in her South
       Prospect Street home that caught on fire last Thursday,
       according to Police Services.
       Cook began what would become a long stay at UVM when she
       completed her bachelor’s degree in 1991, followed by her
       master’s of education in 1995 and then her doctorate in
       education in 2010, according to a University-wide email sent by
       President Tom Sullivan and Vice Provost for Student Affairs
       Annie Stevens on Thursday.
       “Kathy approached her work with students and student
       organizations with an infectious vitality that challenged
       individuals to learn from their experience while also building
       communities within UVM,”
       Director of Student Life Pat Brown said. “Her friendliness and
       approachability was a pure invitation to students to seek her
       counsel. As a colleague and friend she will be missed.”
       Cook was a Student Affairs staff member for the past 16 years.
       Before she was the associate director for Residential Life, she
       worked in the Department of Student Life as the assistant
       director for leadership programs, Brown said.
       As president of the Inter Residential Association (IRA), senior
       Joe Oteng said he was able to work with Cook at various IRA
       events and often talked with her on campus.
       Oteng said Cook was highly involved with and passionate about
       solving racial issues that occurred between Resident Assistants
       and campus residents.
       “From a student perspective, I think her legacy will be in
       challenging students to think about how they relate to students
       of color in a predominantly white community like UVM, and how
       questions of identity and race can contribute to a better living
       community for everyone,” he said.
       In fact, Vice President for Executive Operations Gary Derr sent
       a University-wide email on Thursday stating that Cook’s
       dissertation for her doctorate was titled “Diversity Training:
       Moving White Resident Assistants Forward or Backward in their
       Racial Identity Development.”
       Residential Life staff member Carrie Wicks said she feels Cook
       truly embraced her position as associate director, and was able
       to make a positive impact on everyone she worked with because of
       that.
       “She gave us freedom to be angry, strong, weak, creative,
       confused, lost and loved every step of the way,” Wicks said.
       “She cared deeply about everything she did and created...she was
       an innovated [sic] leader and woman. I admired her, we all did.”
       Cook’s professional achievements did not stop at Residential
       Life. She was also the Area Coordinator for First-Year
       Experience for LGBTQ, working with first-years who identify as
       LGBTQ.
       In their letter, Sullivan and Stevens extended condolences to
       the University community as well as to Cook’s family, friends
       and colleagues.
       “A devoted educator, mentor, colleague, and friend, Kathy
       touched the lives of many students, staff, and faculty,” the
       Oct. 31 email read. “Her absence will be felt profoundly across
       the University.”
       Following a status update on the University of Vermont Facebook
       page relaying the email sent by Sullivan and Stevens, multiple
       people responded by sharing their feelings and condolences.
       “So sad to hear this news. Kathy was such a nice person. She has
       done a lot of good for UVM and students. Rest in peace friend,”
       William A Moultan III wrote.
       A memorial service will be held for Cook at 4 p.m. Nov. 6 in Ira
       Allen Chapel.
       By Katy Cardin
  HTML http://www.vermontcynic.com/news/dr-kathleen-m-cook-1.2845173#.Ur4YT8KA3m4
       Agelbert NOTE: When we have a society where a person covers up
       their agony with a happy face, is consumed by that agony to the
       point of suicide, and then is lovingly remembered for HAVING
       SUCH A PEPPY, HAPPY FACE, ACCEPTING AND HELPING DISPOSITION
       ([color=red]a big act!) by the society that destroyed her
       without a HINT that, uh, maybe there is something WRONG with our
       society if a person with a doctorate in PEOPLE skills offs
       herself, you know we are really in la la land denial about our
       failed society. Denial of flaws is the national sport.
       Vermonters are quite good at it.
       That's why things continue to deteriorate. If people don't even
       recognize they have a society based, not individual based,
       problem, the problem will worsen. Vermont in general, and UVM
       academic SOCIETY in particular, FAILED to give Kathy Cook the
       strength she needed to go on living.  :( So it goes. [/color]
       #Post#: 631--------------------------------------------------
       Re: Non-routine News
       By: AGelbert Date: December 27, 2013, 7:20 pm
       ---------------------------------------------------------
       [img width=640
       height=380]
  HTML http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-XPd9ipgRXn0/UbPGxCAkLII/AAAAAAAARdM/x-KQCJVFGA0/s1600/02+Shakespeare+Factoids.png[/img]
       Did Shakespeare Really Invent New Words?
       English playwright William Shakespeare invented new words in the
       16th and 17th centuries that became commonly used in modern
       English, with an estimated 1,700 words whose origins are traced
       back to his works.
       Shakespeare did not necessarily come up with completely new
       words, but rather he tended to add prefixes or suffixes to
       already established words or change nouns into verbs, or vice
       versa. Examples of words first used in Shakespeare’s works
       include assassination, disheartened, inaudible and
       uncomfortable.
       Some historians believe that Shakespeare might not have been the
       one to invent the words but simply was the first to record words
       that previously had been used only orally.
       [img width=640
       height=380]
  HTML http://englishwithatwist.com/ShanthiBlog/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/Shakespeare-Plays.jpg[/img]
       More about William Shakespeare:
       Shakespeare was an entrepreneur who made money off lucrative
       real estate investments. Some historians believe this is why he
       was able to spend so much time writing.
       There is a period of seven years of Shakespeare’s life after the
       birth of his twins in 1585 during which there are no records of
       him and are referred to as “the lost years.” It is not known
       what he was doing at that time.
       Shakespeare has no descendants because his only grandchild, a
       granddaughter named Elizabeth, died in 1670 without having
       children.
  HTML http://www.wisegeek.com/did-shakespeare-really-invent-new-words.htm
       Worst Diseases in Shakespeare's London
       From a disease standpoint, Shakespeare was living in arguably
       the worst place and time in history. Shakespeare's overcrowded,
       rat-infested, sexually promiscuous London, with raw sewage
       flowing in the Thames, was the hub for the nastiest diseases
       known to mankind. Here are the worst of the worst.
       1. Plague
       It is little surprise that the plague was the most dreaded
       disease of Shakespeare's time. Carried by fleas living on the
       fur of rats, the plague swept through London in 1563, 1578-9,
       1582, 1592-3, and 1603 (Singman, 52). The outbreaks in 1563 and
       1603 were the most ferocious, each wiping out over one quarter
       of London's population.
       Lucky Elizabethans would contract the basic bubonic plague with
       their odds of survival around fifty percent. Symptoms would
       include red, grossly inflamed and swollen lymph nodes, called
       buboes (hence the name bubonic), high fever, delirium, and
       convulsions.
       However, if the bacterial infection spread to the lungs
       (pneumonic plague) or to the bloodstream (septicemic plague) the
       unfortunate victim would certainly die, usually within hours
       with symptoms too horrific to recount.
       The Elizabethan pamphleteer Thomas Dekker wrote a chilling
       account of the chaos and despair brought by the plague:
       [quote]Imagine then that all this while, Death (like a Spanish
       Leagar, or rather like stalking Tamberlaine) hath pitched his
       tents, (being nothing but a heape of winding sheets tacked
       together) in the sinfully-polluted Suburbes:
       the Plague is Muster-maister and Marshall of the field: Burning
       Feauers, Boyles, Blaines, and Carbuncles, the Leaders,
       Lieutenants, Serieants, and Corporalls:
       the maine Army consisting (like Dunkirke) of a mingle-mangle,
       viz. dumpish Mourners, merry Sextons, hungry Coffin-sellers,
       scrubbing Bearers, and nastie Graue-makers:
       but indeed they are the Pioners of the Campe, that are imployed
       onely (like Moles) in casting up of earth and digging of
       trenches;
       Feare and Trembling (the two catch-polles of Death) arrest every
       one: No parley will be graunted, no composition stood vpon, But
       the Allarum is strucke up, the Toxin ringes out for life, and no
       voice heard but Tue, Tue, Kill, Kill. (The Wonderful Yeare,
       1603)[/quote]
       During the outbreak of 1592-93, the Crown ordered the complete
       closure of all theatres in London. Shakespeare, then working
       with Lord Strange’s Men at the Rose theatre, would have been in
       the midst of a run of his Henry VI history plays (Bradbrook,
       65), and likely financially devastated by the edict.
       Shakespeare mentions plague in several plays, including The
       Tempest (1.2.426), Timon of Athens (4.3.120), and King Lear:
       But yet thou art my flesh, my blood, my daughter;
       Or rather a disease that's in my flesh,
       Which I must needs call mine: thou art a boil,
       A plague-sore, an embossed carbuncle,
       In my corrupted blood.
       (2.4.242), Lear, describing his daughter, Goneril
       Shakespeare also describes the act of searching out plague
       victims and quarantining them in Romeo and Juliet (5.2.7).
       Incidentally, plague is the indirect cause of the deaths of the
       star-cross'd lovers.
       2. Smallpox
       One of the worst outbreaks of smallpox occurred two years
       before Shakespeare's birth, in 1562. Queen Elizabeth herself,
       then 29, was attacked by the virus that causes high fever,
       vomiting, excessive bleeding, and pus-filled scabs that leave
       deep pitted scars. Although the Queen recovered she was rendered
       completely bald and forced to wear an extra thick layer of
       make-up made from white lead and egg whites.
       3. Syphilis
       Syphilis, one of the deadliest of all venereal diseases, spread
       rapidly throughout Europe in the 15th century. A current theory
       on the origin of the outbreak argues that Spaniards carried the
       disease home from the Americas in 1493. Elizabethans had many
       names for this foul malady; the most popular being the French
       pox, the Spanish sickness, the great pox, and simply, the pox.
       Without antibiotics, Elizabethans would have experienced the
       full effects of syphilis, which included raging fever (referred
       to as "burnt blood"), tortuous body aches, blindness, full body
       pustules, meningitis, insanity, and leaking heart valves, known
       today as aortic regurgitation. According to a document written
       in 1585 by the famed Elizabethan barber-surgeon William Clowes,
       the victims of syphilis were so numerous that London hospitals
       had no room for the "infinite multitude."
       
       Interestingly, Shakespeare's most famous mention of disease: A
       plague on both your houses!" (Romeo and Juliet), was, in the
       original printing of the play (the first quarto), "A pox of your
       houses" (3.1.60).
       Shakespeare mentions syphilis often in his work and in Timon of
       Athens he alludes to the calamitous Elizabethan treatment of
       syphilis: the inhalation of vaporized mercury salts:
       Give them diseases, leaving with thee their lust.
       Make use of thy salt hours: season the slaves.
       For tubs and baths; bring down rose-cheeked youth.
       To the tub-fast and the diet. (4.3)
       4. Typhus
       Epidemics of louse-borne typhus ravaged London several times
       during the reigns of Elizabeth and James I. Crowded, filthy
       conditions and a near total lack of bathing made room for body
       lice, which, when scratched, would defecate on a person's skin.
       It would take just one minor cut or sore for the typhus infected
       feces to enter the victim's bloodstream, and soon high fever,
       delirium, and gangrenous sores would develop.
       The disease was a huge problem among prisoners. The poor
       wretches, most of them beggars, drunks, petty thieves and
       pamphleteers, who found themselves in the Newgate jail, would
       typically die before they could serve their full sentences.
       Shakespeare felt their pain:
       If we mean to thrive and do good, break open the gaols and let
       out the prisoners. (2 Henry VI, 4.3.15)
       Although we will likely never know what really caused
       Shakespeare's own death, a serious outbreak of typhus in 1616
       lends credibility to the story that he succumbed to a fever.
       5. Malaria
       Known to the Elizabethans as ague, Malaria was a common malady
       spread by the mosquitoes in the marshy Thames. The swampy
       theatre district of Southwark was always at risk. King James I
       had it; so too did Shakespeare’s friend, Michael Drayton.
       Without antimalarial medications, many Londoners would have
       experienced dreadful symptoms, including fever, unbearable
       chills, vomiting, enlarged liver, low blood pressure, seizures,
       and coma.
       Shakespeare's characters speak often of ague. A common belief
       was that the sun spread the fever by sucking up the vapors from
       the marshes. In The Tempest, Caliban describes the process while
       cursing Prospero:
       All the infections that the sun sucks up
       From bogs, fens, flats, on Prosper fall and make him
       By inch-meal a disease!
       (2.2)
       So too does Hotspur in 1 Henry IV:
       Worse than the sun in March,
       This praise doth nourish agues. (4.1)
       The facts are mind-boggling, especially when you consider that
       London's population hovered around a mere 150,000 during
       Shakespeare's lifetime. It is little wonder that the average
       life expectancy was 35 years.
       How to cite this article:
       Mabillard, Amanda. Worst Diseases in Shakespeare's London.
       Shakespeare Online. 20 Aug. 2000. <
  HTML http://www.shakespeare-online.com/biography/londondisease.html<br
       />>.
       Here's a humorous ten minute history of the English language
       which includes Shakespeare's contributions.  [img width=40
       height=40]
  HTML http://www.createaforum.com/gallery/renewablerevolution/3-051113192052.png[/img]<br
       />
  HTML http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rexKqvgPVuA&feature=player_embedded<br
       />
       #Post#: 671--------------------------------------------------
       Milky Way Galaxy Has Four Spiral Arms, New Study Confirms
       By: AGelbert Date: January 6, 2014, 9:33 pm
       ---------------------------------------------------------
       Milky Way Galaxy Has Four Spiral Arms, New Study Confirms
       Dec 29, 2013 by Sci-News.com
       A 12-year study published in the Monthly Notices of the Royal
       Astronomical Society has confirmed that our Milky Way Galaxy has
       four spiral arms, following years of debate that it has only two
       arms.
       [img width=640
       height=580]
  HTML http://cdn4.sci-news.com/images/enlarge/image_1649e-Milky-Way-Arms.jpg[/img]
       Galactic distribution of massive young stars and compact and
       ultra-compact H&#8201;II regions with luminosities greater than
       10^4 times that of the Sun. The map shows the positions of the
       complexes and individual sources as red and blue circles,
       respectively.
       The sizes of the markers give an indication of their
       luminosity, as depicted in the upper-right corner. The position
       of the Sun [img width=30
       height=30]
  HTML http://www.createaforum.com/gallery/renewablerevolution/3-141113185850.gif[/img]<br
       />is shown by the small circle above the Galactic Centre . The t
       wo
       solid lines enclose the Galactic Center region that was excluded
       from survey due to problems with source confusion and distance
       determination.
       The smaller of the two dot–dashed circles represents the locus
       of tangent points, while the larger circle shows the radius of
       the solar circle. Image credit: Urquhart JS et al / Robert Hurt,
       the Spitzer Science Center / Robert Benjamin.
       “The Milky Way is our galactic home and studying its structure
       gives us a unique opportunity to understand how a very typical
       spiral galaxy works in terms of where stars are born and why,”
       said co-author Prof Melvin Hoare from the University of Leeds.
       In the 50s, astronomers used radio telescopes to map the Milky
       Way. Their observations focused on clouds of gas in the Galaxy
       in which new stars are born, revealing four major spiral arms.
       In 2008, scientists using NASA’s Spitzer Space Telescope scoured
       our Galaxy for infrared light emitted by stars. They revealed
       about 110 million stars, but only evidence of two spiral arms.
       The astronomers behind the new study used several radio
       telescopes to individually observe about 1,650 massive stars in
       the Galaxy. The distances and luminosities of these stars were
       calculated, revealing a distribution across four spiral arms.
       “It isn’t a case of our results being right and those from
       Spitzer’s data being wrong – both surveys were looking for
       different things. Spitzer only sees much cooler, lower mass
       stars – stars like our Sun – which are much more numerous than
       the massive stars that we were targeting,” Prof Hoare said.
       Massive stars are much less common than their lower mass
       counterparts because they only live for a short time – about 10
       million years. The shorter lifetimes of massive stars means that
       they are only found in the arms in which they formed, which
       could explain the discrepancy in the number of galactic arms
       that different research teams have claimed.
       “Lower mass stars live much longer than massive stars and rotate
       around our Galaxy many times, spreading out in the disc. The
       gravitational pull in the two stellar arms that Spitzer revealed
       is enough to pile up the majority of stars in those arms, but
       not in the other two. However, the gas is compressed enough in
       all four arms to lead to massive star formation,” Prof Hoare
       said.
       “It’s exciting that we are able to use the distribution of young
       massive stars to probe the structure of the Milky Way and match
       the most intense region of star formation with a model with four
       spiral arms,” said lead author Dr James Urquhart of the Max
       Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy in Bonn, Germany.
       ______
       Urquhart JS et al. The RMS survey: galactic distribution of
       massive star formation. MNRAS 437 (2): 1791-1807; doi:
       10.1093/mnras/stt2006
  HTML http://www.sci-news.com/astronomy/science-milky-way-galaxy-four-spiral-arms-01649.html
       #Post#: 709--------------------------------------------------
       Mekong River Mystery: Fireballs caused, according to legend, by 
       a Mythical Snake
       By: AGelbert Date: January 20, 2014, 6:36 pm
       ---------------------------------------------------------
       Is There a River In Thailand that Emits Fireballs?  ???
       [img width=640
       height=480]
  HTML http://files.abovetopsecret.com/files/img/av500d7950.jpg[/img]
       There is a river in Thailand that emits fireballs, referred to
       as Naga’s Fireballs. The phenomenon takes place in the Nong Khai
       province along the Mekong River has occurred each year for
       hundreds of years.
       On the 11th lunar month, coinciding with the end of the Buddhist
       Lent, pink, red and orange fireballs jump from the river into
       the sky for about three days, and the occasion is celebrated
       with a festival. Legend states that the fireballs are caused by
       a mythical serpent creature from the river, but scientists
       believe they could be the result of heated gas being released
       from decomposed plants and animals on the bottom of the river.
       More about the Mekong River:
       The Mekong River runs for 2,610 miles (4,200 km) in Southeast
       Asia, from China to Vietnam.
       Fish from this river are estimated to provide the main source of
       protein for nearly 50 million people in Southeast Asia.
       The Mekong River Commission has stated that building
       hydroelectric dams in the river would provide as much as 8% of
       the area’s energy needs by 2025, but critics argue that dams
       could cut the fish supply by as much as half.
  HTML http://www.wisegeek.com/is-there-a-river-in-thailand-that-emits-fireballs.htm
       #Post#: 710--------------------------------------------------
       Mystery Rock 'Appears' in Front of Mars Rover
       By: AGelbert Date: January 20, 2014, 6:41 pm
       ---------------------------------------------------------
       Mystery Rock 'Appears' in Front of Mars Rover  :o
       
       Jan 17, 2014 05:31 AM ET  //  by  Ian O'Neill
       After a decade of exploring the Martian surface, the scientists
       overseeing veteran rover Opportunity thought they’d seen it all.
       That was until a rock mysteriously “appeared” a few feet in
       front of the six wheeled rover a few days
       ago.
  HTML http://www.coh2.org/images/Smileys/huhsign.gif
       News of the errant rock was announced by NASA Mars Exploration
       Rover lead scientist Steve Squyres of Cornell University at a
       special NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory “10 years of roving Mars”
       event at the California Institute of Technology (Caltech),
       Pasadena, Calif., on Thursday night. The science star-studded
       public event was held in celebration of the decade since twin
       rovers Spirit and Opportunity landed on the Red Planet in
       January 2004.
       PHOTOS: Alien Robots That Left Their Mark on Mars
       While chronicling the scientific discoveries made by both rovers
       over the years, Squyres discussed the recent finding of
       suspected gypsum near the rim of Endeavour Crater — a region of
       Meridiani Planum that Opportunity has been studying since 2011 —
       and the discovery of clays that likely formed in a pH-neutral
       wet environment in Mars past. While these discoveries have been
       nothing short of groundbreaking, Squyres shared the Mars rover’s
       team’s excitement for that one strange rock, exclaiming: “Mars
       keeps throwing new stuff at us!”
       In a comparison of recent photographs captured by the rover’s
       panoramic camera, or Pancam, on sol 3528 of the mission, only
       bare bedrock can be seen. But on sol 3540, a fist-sized rock had
       appeared (raw Pancam images can be found in the mission
       archive). MER scientists promptly nicknamed the object “Pinnacle
       Island.”
       “It’s about the size of a jelly doughnut,” Squyres told
       Discovery News. “It was a total surprise, we were like ‘wait a
       second, that wasn’t there before, it can’t be right. Oh my god!
       It wasn’t there before!’ We were absolutely startled.”
       But the rover didn’t roll over that area, so where did Pinnacle
       Island come from?     ???
       [img width=640
       height=480]
  HTML http://doubtfulnewscom.c.presscdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/pinnacle-island-mars-rock.png[/img]
       [quote]A comparison of two raw Pancam photographs from sols 3528
       and 3540 of Opportunity's mission (a sol is a Martian day).
       Notice the "jelly doughnut"-sized rock in the center of the
       photograph to the right. Minor adjustments for brightness and
       contrast.
       NASA/JPL-Caltech[/quote]
  HTML http://news.discovery.com/space/mystery-rock-appears-in-front-of-mars-rover-140117.htm#mkcpgn=fbsci1
  HTML http://news.discovery.com/space/mystery-rock-appears-in-front-of-mars-rover-140117.htm#mkcpgn=fbsci1
       [img width=640
       height=980]
  HTML http://fc07.deviantart.net/fs71/f/2010/253/2/1/marvin_the_martian_by_houndknight-d2yfv4q.jpg[/img]
       [move]If you liked that rock, you'll LOVE my NEXT
       trick...[/move]
       #Post#: 738--------------------------------------------------
       Vermont Stories and Historical Gossip BEFORE GLOBAL WARMING
       By: AGelbert Date: January 29, 2014, 7:28 pm
       ---------------------------------------------------------
       [img width=440
       height=280]
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       Vermont Stories and Historical Gossip BEFORE GLOBAL WARMING.
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       [quote]Although it may not be obvious to the casual observer,
       the population of the State of Vermont can be sorted into two
       distinct types:
       1.Those people whose families have lived in Vermont since it was
       settled and whose family folklore includes tales of the great
       Republic of Vermont, when Vermont was an Independent Country,
       and who have never quite forgiven Ethan Allen for agreeing to
       join the Union despite all of his other fine accomplishments.
       These people, who will subsequently be referred to as "Native
       Vermonters", are hardy and hard working, straightforward and
       straight talking, and are the foundation of everything that
       makes Vermont great. They are also almost, but not quite,
       completely invisible in the current Vermont landscape.
       2.Everyone else, who will subsequently be referred to as
       "Flatlanders." Flatlanders are sometimes called "New Yorkers" by
       older Native Vermonters.
       Vermont has always had a population of Flatlanders: those who've
       moved to Vermont from somewhere else because Vermont "is such a
       nice place." In recent years those who pay attention to the
       media might conclude that Flatlanders have taken over the entire
       State. It is true that important Towns like Montpelier (the
       State capital) and Burlington (a self-styled major metropolitan
       city) are almost, but not quite, exclusively populated by
       Flatlanders.
       Native Vermonters quite sensibly regard the current large
       numbers of Flatlanders to be a temporary phenomenon and have the
       attitude of "This Too Shall Pass." Like mud season.  ;D They
       know that as soon as it appears to the Flatlanders that Vermont
       has somehow, despite all their progressive efforts
  HTML http://www.freesmileys.org/emoticons/tuzki-bunnys/tuzki-bunny-emoticon-023.gif,<br
       />become "just like everywhere else", they will move away in
       droves. Perhaps leaving behind a few people, who might after a
       few generations be considered "Newcomers"  ;)  to Vermont by the
       Natives and occupy that wide gray area between the two
       solitudes, so to speak.
       This book reveals for the first time the true History of Vermont
       as maintained by Native Vermonters.  8)  When the influx of
       Flatlanders started to become chronic Native Vermonters agreed
       in a series of Town Meetings to conceal some of the more
       interesting episodes of Vermont History by the simple and
       expedient method of denying knowledge of any such thing and
       implying that the questioner was a few cows short of a herd.  ;D
       This tactic was incredibly successful and centuries of Vermont
       History were hidden this way. The truth of this remarkable
       assertion can be demonstrated at any time by finding an older
       person in Vermont (Flatlanders without exception move to Florida
       once their joints reach a certain age and temperature) and
       asking that person whether he or she has heard of the events
       described in this book. The answer will invariably be "No."
       followed by something on the order of "What's the weather like
       on the planet you come from?"   ;D
       How did the author, who moved to Vermont from California, learn
       of this secret history? The answer is that he inadvertently
       acquired two undeniable attributes of Native Vermontership as
       follows:
       1.He purchased property in a Town in which the terrain goes
       uphill in both directions. (Admittedly this is not a difficult
       feat in Vermont.)
  HTML http://www.pic4ever.com/images/128fs318181.gif
       2.He built and occupied a one-room log cabin with just a wood
       stove and without utility power for an entire Vermont winter
       (11.5 months).  [img width=30
       height=30]
  HTML http://www.createaforum.com/gallery/renewablerevolution/3-141113185441.png[/img]<br
       />Actually he did this for two entire Vermont winters in a row b
       ut
       no one noticed because it's extremely difficult for anyone, even
       Native Vermonters, to determine when one Vermont winter ends and
       the next one begins.  ;D
       One day after walking uphill (of course
  HTML http://www.websmileys.com/sm/aliens/hae51.gif)
       in the snow for
       hours into Town for a breakfast of pancakes and maple syrup the
       other people in the Town Restaurant began to talk about strange
       events in his presence. After several more days of walking
       uphill (of course
  HTML http://www.websmileys.com/sm/aliens/hae51.gif)
       in the snow for
       hours into Town for a breakfast of pancakes and maple syrup the
       author began to piece together the incredible Secret History of
       Vermont.  ;)
       Why is the author willing to reveal these incredible truths? The
       answer is that if he publishes a book and someone actually buys
       it then all those breakfasts become tax-deductible as a research
       expense. Free food!
  HTML http://www.freesmileys.org/emoticons/emoticon-misc-022.gif<br
       />Everyone has their price when it comes to betraying deep
       secrets. That's mine.
  HTML http://www.freesmileys.org/emoticons/emoticon-monster-002.gif[/quote]
  HTML http://www.heurtley.com/richard/tshov.html
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       SNIPPETS:
       The word "Vermont" derives from Olde Neanderthale but modern day
       scholars are divided as to its precise meaning. Some say that it
       comes from "ver mont" which in Olde Neanderthale means "Heaven
       on Earth" but others insist that it really comes from "verm ont"
       which means "Any place that if you stay there during the winter
       you must have rocks in your head." Olde Neanderthale is a very
       pithy language.
       Back in the days when the U.S. Federal Government was
       disorganized and inefficient (1789 to date) it often had
       difficulty maintaining an adequate supply of currency.
       The problem with cows is that they are large and difficult to
       store.
       The problem of keeping the paddlewheel boats running during the
       winter was solved in a typical Vermont fashion. Instead of
       trying to keep the water channels open, the paddlewheels were
       affixed with chains, the entire boat was mounted on sled
       runners, and a snowplow was attached to the front. As a result,
       the paddlewheel boats ran considerably faster on the ice during
       the winter than they did in the water during the summer. The
       summer slowdown was tolerated because it typically only lasted
       15 days.
       Vermont is unique among the states in that it has two completely
       independent State governments. The first, known as the Vermont
       State Government, has no bureaucrats, has levied no taxes, and
       is of the opinion that it isn't the government's place to go
       around telling people what to do. It has the highest approval
       ratings of any governmental organization in the observed
       universe. The other is known as the Montpelier Legislature whose
       motto is, "Pass six unenforceable regulations before breakfast."
       Because it is a major cause of pain and suffering the Montpelier
       Legislature occasionally proposes a bill outlawing Death and is
       puzzled each time when the idea is solidly rejected by the
       citizens. This is because the citizens have seen that Death is
       practically the only way a member of the Montpelier Legislature
       can be persuaded to give up his or her seat.
       During the right time of year a visitor to Vermont cannot help
       but to be astonished at the amount of acreage devoted to growing
       corn. A simple calculation shows that during its 15 day growing
       season Vermont grows enough corn to feed all of Asia and Africa
       for several years. Where does all this corn go?
       Some of it is fed to cows. Cows are no longer legal tender but
       cows give milk that can be made into Ben and Jerry's Ice Cream
       which is legal tender in most parts of the world. Some of the
       corn is converted into whisky most of which is discretely
       exported to foreign places like Kentucky and Tennessee.
       The Vermont Libertarian Mountain Lion
       Unlike moose, which are officially everywhere, mountain lions
       officially don't exist. There hasn't been a proved sighting of a
       mountain lion by a certified official for over a hundred years.
       Occasionally someone will claim they've seen a mountain lion, or
       catamount as they're sometimes called by Native Vermonters, but
       the evidence is never enough to survive the so-called trial by
       immersion in a Montpelier manure pit.
       The Vermont Tin Pecker
       The absence of the usual clue, warmer weather, makes it
       difficult to tell when spring is coming to Vermont. Nevertheless
       there are a few signs well known to all Vermonters. When people
       all over the State are awakened half an hour before the alarm
       clock by the vigorous percussion of a diamond-hard beak on
       chimney pipe or roof flashing then you can tell that the
       springtime mating season of the Vermont Tin Pecker has begun.
       Radiocarbon Dating
       It's not that Vermont isn't full of jokers. (Drive a car with
       out-of-state plates and ask directions from someone in Vermont
       sometime. Please!) It's just that the conclusion that every
       single Vermont archaeology student independently decides to pull
       exactly the same prank is one that only an Archaeology Professor
       or Radiocarbon Lab Owner would come to.
       The other conclusion, that the canning jar racks in grandma's
       basement are 30,000 years old, is one of those things that's so
       completely and totally obvious that the maintainers of the
       Secret History don't have the slightest worry of it ever being
       discovered
  HTML http://www.heurtley.com/richard/tshov.html
  HTML http://www.heurtley.com/richard/tshov.html
       #Post#: 740--------------------------------------------------
       Re: Non-routine News
       By: Surly1 Date: January 30, 2014, 5:02 am
       ---------------------------------------------------------
       Vermont humor is pretty damned dry, isn't it?
       #Post#: 741--------------------------------------------------
       Re: Non-routine News
       By: AGelbert Date: January 30, 2014, 1:19 pm
       ---------------------------------------------------------
       YEP. This place is probably where the term "deadpan" came from.
       ;D
       *****************************************************
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