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#Post#: 3200--------------------------------------------------
Re: Concentrated Solar Power (CSP)
DIR By: AGelbert
Date: May 23, 2015, 4:41 pm
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HTML http://www.createaforum.com/gallery/renewablerevolution/3-230515172354.jpeg
Equipped with an array of multi-junction photovoltaic chips,
each of the IBM "sunflowers" can supply the energy needs of
several homes (Image: Airlight Energy/dsolar)
By Colin Jeffrey
October 8, 2014
IBM "sunflowers" to supply off-grid energy, water, and cooling
The video below shows the prototype system in action.
HTML http://www.createaforum.com/gallery/renewablerevolution/3-080515182559.png
HTML https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JVB9_3IKIAE&feature=player_embedded
Looking rather like a 10-meter (33 ft) tall sunflower, IBM's
High Concentration PhotoVoltaic Thermal (HCPVT) system
concentrates the sun’s radiation over 2,000 times on a single
point and then transforms 80 percent of that into usable energy.
Using a number of liquid-cooled microchannel receivers, each
equipped with an array of multi-junction photovoltaic chips,
each HCPVT can produce enough power, water, and cooling to
supply several homes.
(All pictures are at link)
The receiver with its triple-junction PV cells (Photo: IBM)
IBM scientist Dr. Bruno Michel holds the receiver design package
(Photo: IBM)
HCPVT being tested at Airlight (Photo: Airlight Energy/dsolar)
Swiss-based supplier of solar power technology, Airlight Energy,
has partnered with IBM Research to utilize IBM's direct
wam-water cooling design (adapted from use in IBM’s SuperMUC
supercomputer), water adsorption technologies, and leverage
IBM’s past work with multi-chip solar receivers developed in a
collaboration between IBM and the Egypt Nanotechnology Research
Center, to develop and produce the system.
Using a 40-sq-m (430.5-sq-ft) parabolic dish coated with 36
plastic foil elliptic mirrors just 0.2 mm thick, the HCPVT
system prototype concentrates the sun’s radiation onto a number
of liquid-cooled receivers, each of which contains an array of
1-cm2 (0.39 in2) chips that each generate "up to 57 watts of
electrical power when operating during a typical sunny day,"
combining to produce 12 kW of electrical power and 20 kW of
heat.
Micro-structured conduits pump treated water around these
receivers to carry away excess heat at a rate that is claimed to
be 10 times more effective than passive air cooling. Although
the water is still subsequently heated to around 85-90° C
(183-194° F), the removal of heat from the chips keeps them at a
relatively cool safe operating temperature of around 105° C
(221° F). Without this cooling, the concentrated energy of the
sun would see the chips reach temperatures of over 1,500° C
(2,732° F).
"The direct cooling technology with very small pumping power
used to cool the photovoltaic chips with water is inspired by
the hierarchical branched blood supply system of the human
body," said Dr. Bruno Michel, manager, advanced thermal
packaging at IBM Research.
The HCPVT system can also be adapted to use the cooling system
to provide drinkable water and air conditioning from the hot
water output produced. Salt water is passed through the heating
conduits before being run through a permeable membrane
distillation system, where it is then evaporated and
desalinated. To produce cool air for the home, the waste heat
can be run through an adsorption chiller, which is an
evaporator/condenser heat exchanger that uses water, rather than
other chemicals, as the refrigerant medium.
The creators claim that this system adaptation could provide up
to 40 liters (10 gallons) of drinkable water per square meter of
receiver area per day, with a large, multi-dish installation
theoretically able to provide enough water for an entire small
town.
All of these factors, – waste energy used for distillation and
air-conditioning combined with a 25 percent yield on solar power
– along with the setup's sun tracking system that continuously
positions the dish at the best angle throughout the day, combine
to produce the claimed 80 percent energy efficiency.
HTML http://cliparts.co/cliparts/Big/Egq/BigEgqBMT.png
Other sunflower-type heliostats exist, such as those that
redirect sunlight in a residential situation or – at the other
end of the scale – in industrial applications that produce many
megawatts of power. The HCPVT system, however, could be
considered more of a super-efficient, multi-house power plant
where the claimed efficacy of the sunflower design shows its
worth as a medium-scale solution to off-grid sustainable power
needs.
Estimations on the operating lifetime for the HCPVT system are
around 60 years with adequate maintenance, including replacing
the shielding foil and the elliptic mirrors every 10 to 15 years
(contingent on environmental conditions) and the PV cells, which
will require replacement at the end of their operational life of
approximately 25 years.
Preliminary versions of the HCPVT system will be offered with
"non-optimized predecessor" (i.e. "basic") distillation and
adsorption cooling systems, with optimized desalination and
adsorption cooling requiring an extra two to three years to
develop and bring to market.
As a gesture to bring such technology to markets unable to
afford to buy their own system, Airlight and IBM will also
donate a HCPVT system to two communities via competitive
application. Each of the successful communities will be awarded
a prototype HCPVT system from Airlight Energy and be eligible
for no-cost set up and adaptation support from IBM Corporate
Service Corps.
Applications from communities will be open sometime in 2015 and
the winners will be announced in December 2015, with
installations beginning in 2016. A fully commercial HCPVT system
is expected to be launched to market sometime in 2017.
Sources: IBM, Airlight Energy
HTML http://www.gizmag.com/ibm-sunflower-hcpvt-pv-thermal-solar-concentrator/33989/
HTML http://www.createaforum.com/gallery/renewablerevolution/3-230515162759.jpeg
[move]Look ma, no fossil fuels!
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[/move]
#Post#: 3575--------------------------------------------------
Re: Concentrated Solar Power (CSP)
DIR By: AGelbert
Date: August 7, 2015, 8:51 pm
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1 GW Solar Sunlight-to-Steam Breakthrough for CSP
HTML http://www.pic4ever.com/images/za4.gif
August 6, 2015 By Susan Kraemer, Correspondent
In the South Oman oilfields, a glass-encased Concentrated Solar
Power (CSP) project the size of an average nuclear plant has
broken a new record for solar.
After proving its technology in a 7 MW demo, which beat its
promised energy output every month for a couple of years;
Glasspoint has landed a deal to build Miraah, a gigantic 1 GW
solar Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) project for Petroleum
Development Oman (PDO) at Amal West oil field.
At an astonishing 1,021 megawatts, Miraah is almost three times
the capacity of Ivanpah, which at 377 MW is currently the
world's largest CSP project delivering electricity. :o ;D
Yet not only will Miraar (mirror in Arabic) produce steam at
gigantic scale, but it does so at much lower cost than CSP and
about half the cost of gas. The 1 GW project will cost a mere
$600 million.
Read all the details about this exciting breakthrough at the
link below:
HTML http://www.pic4ever.com/images/reading.gif
HTML http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/articles/2015/08/1-gw-solar-sunlight-to-steam-breakthrough-for-csp.html
#Post#: 4887--------------------------------------------------
Re: Concentrated Solar Power (CSP)
DIR By: AGelbert
Date: April 15, 2016, 2:35 pm
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[center]
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[center]
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[center]Solar Thermal Plant Basics[/center]
[center]
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[center]
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[center][img
width=640]
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#Post#: 5074--------------------------------------------------
Re: Concentrated Solar Power (CSP)
DIR By: AGelbert
Date: May 10, 2016, 9:27 pm
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[center]Stalled in the U.S., Solar Thermal Power Finds a New
Market in China[/center]
[move][size=12pt]SolarReserve says it will work with the world’s
largest coal supplier to help reduce China’s dependence on
fossil fuels, but details are still murky.[/size][/move]
by Richard Martin
May 9, 2016
Seeing its prospects falter in the United States, solar thermal
project developer SolarReserve is teaming up with the world’s
largest coal provider to find better prospects for the
technology in China.
The company’s deal with Shenhua Group, which calls for 1,000
megawatts of solar capacity to be developed and built in the
coming years, could be an important step forward in China’s
effort to reduce its dependence on coal-fired power plants for
electricity.
Also known as concentrated solar power, solar thermal plants use
thousands of mirrors to focus the sun’s rays on a central tower,
heating a liquid to make steam to produce electricity. The
motorized mirrors, known as heliostats, track the sun’s path
over the course of the day. Once touted as the next generation
of solar power, the technology has largely stalled in the U.S.,
where environmentalists’ concerns over bird deaths (estimates of
which have been shown in recent studies to be overstated) and
the high cost of the electricity produced have effectively
halted new projects (see “Ivanpah’s Problems Could Signal the
End of Concentrated Solar in the U.S.”).
--- Quote ---
> In energy-hungry countries like China that lack access to
abundant low-cost natural gas, however, solar thermal evidently
still has a future
HTML http://www.createaforum.com/gallery/renewablerevolution/3-260116191529.png.
--- End Quote ---
The Chinese government has said it plans to develop 10,000
megawatts of solar thermal capacity by 2020 (there are 16 solar
thermal plants planned or under construction in China today,
according to CSP World, a website that focuses on solar thermal
power; only a handful of pilot plants, each one megawatt or less
in size, are operating). The SolarReserve system is especially
attractive to Chinese operators because it uses molten salt,
heated to over 1,000 °F by the concentrated rays of the sun, as
an energy storage medium. That allows solar thermal plants to
continue supplying power when intermittent forms of renewable
power, such as conventional solar and wind, cannot. The molten
salt can also absorb and store excess energy from the power grid
for later release.
China’s renewable energy market has been “dominated by solar PV
and wind,” says SolarReserve CEO Kevin Smith. “But they’ve
realized those are only part of the solution.”
Demand for renewable energy in China is certainly growing; under
the Paris climate accord the country aims to get 20 percent of
its electricity from renewable sources by 2030. But coal still
supplies more than 60 percent of the country’s electricity, and
the future of a sophisticated, relatively high-priced form of
power generation such as solar thermal in a country where
millions of homes were until recently still heated with coal
braziers is far from certain.
The Shenhua agreement is, for the moment, unspecific: the number
and size of the individual projects that will make up the
1,000-megawatt total have not been determined, and SolarReserve
declines to comment on the price of the megawatt-hours those
projects will provide. The installations will be located in
China’s arid interior, which means that large transmission lines
will be required to send the electricity to the big cities of
the coast. But “the robust solar resource and high altitudes” of
the country’s hinterlands, says SolarReserve’s senior vice
president of development Tom Georgis, “are ideal” for its molten
salt tower technology.
--- Quote ---
> More ideal, it seems, than the United States. Other
international projects are under way in Chile, South Africa, and
Israel, from both SolarReserve and solar thermal rival
BrightSource Energy. A promising technology that has stumbled in
the U.S. may yet find a new way forward overseas.
HTML http://www.clipartbest.com/cliparts/xig/ojx/xigojx6KT.png
--- End Quote ---
HTML https://www.technologyreview.com/s/601391/stalled-in-the-us-solar-thermal-power-finds-a-new-market-in-china/
#Post#: 5139--------------------------------------------------
Re: Concentrated Solar Power (CSP)
DIR By: AGelbert
Date: May 23, 2016, 6:14 pm
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Agelbert NOTE: This one year old article already showed the way
to heliostat environmentally sound solutions AND explained how
the fossil fuelers try to condemn heliostats:
--- Quote ---
> Power tower solar has been under a cloud — in the U.S., anyway
— after 321 birds or bats were killed in the first 6 months of
operation by flying through solar flux above the Ivanpah
Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) plant, the Google-funded colossus
in California’s Mojave desert.
>
> Opponents
HTML http://www.createaforum.com/gallery/renewablerevolution/3-311013200859.png<br
/>then greatly exaggerated the numbers, making it a challenge
for
California regulators to maintain a level-headed approach to
permitting future power tower projects.
>
> [center]Standby is the high risk position for birds. [/center]
>
[center]
HTML http://www.brightsourceenergy.com/stuff/contentmgr/files/0/ef84fdc31e920d36ca6e758ac463ee25/image/_resized/80_630_225_stillings2.jpg[/center]
--- End Quote ---
HTML http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/rea/news/article/2015/04/solar-flux-solution-brightens-future-of-concentrated-solar-power?cmpid=SolarNL-Saturday-April18-2015
SOME FACTS the fossil fuelers IGNORE: Fossil-fueled facilities
are 17-34 times more dangerous to birds on a per GWh basis than
wind power. Heliostats, LESS dangerous than wind power to birds,
have caused the deaths of hundreds of birds and wind turbines
may have killed about 7000 birds, but fossil-fueled stations
killed 14.5 million and nuclear 327,000.
HTML http://www.nukefree.org/news/avianmortalityfromwindpower,fossil-fuel,andnuclearelectricity<br
/>
HTML http://cleantechnica.com/2013/11/26/wind-farm-bird-deaths-fossil-fuel-nuclear-bird-deaths/
--- Quote ---
> fossils 34 times wind.
>
> Buildings, power lines and cats are estimated to comprise
approximately 82 percent of the mortality, vehicles 8 percent,
pesticides 7 percent, communication towers 0.5 percent, and wind
turbines 0.003 percent.
--- End Quote ---
HTML http://www.dialight.com/Assets%5CApplication_Notes%5CSignaling%5CObstruction%20Lighting%20Bird%20Strike%20Study.pdf<br
/>
Here is an objective scientific study of Heliostat technology.
They would not have been built in the first place if they
weren't MORE cost effective than polluting fossil fuel power
plants and dirty energy drilling operations. Anyone claiming
otherwise is ignorant or energy math challenged.
[center]State of the Art in Heliostats and Definition of
Specifications[/center]
STAGE-STE Project
SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL ALLIANCE FOR GUARANTEEING THE
EUROPEAN EXCELLENCE IN CONCENTRATING SOLAR THERMAL ENERGY
Grant agreement number: 609837
Start date of project: 01/02/2014
Duration of project:48 months
WP12 – Task 1.1
Deliverable 12.1
Due date:07/2014
Submitted 12/2014
File name: STAGESTE_Deliverable_12_1_Draft
Partner responsible CIEMAT, IK4-TKN, CENER
Person responsible F. Téllez, C. Villasante, M. Burisch
Author(s) /Contributions:F. Téllez (CIEMAT); M. Burisch (CENER);
Villasente (IK4-TKN); M. Sánchez (CENER); C. Sansom, P. Kirby,
P. Turner (CRANFIELD); C. Caliot, A. Ferriere (CNRS); C A.
Bonanos, C. Papanicolas, A Montenon (CYI); R.Monterreal
(CIEMAT); J.Fernández (CIEMAT)
Reviewed by: M. Collares
Dissemination Level PU
List of content
Executive Summary ... 3
1 Introduction ... 5
2 Heliostat Optional Designs ... 7
2.1. Heliostat Components ... 11
2.2. Reflecting Module ... 14
2.3. Foundation ... 16
2.4. Structure ... 17
2.5. Drive Mechanism ... 19
2.6. Heliostat Control ... 23
2.7. Canting ... 24
3 Heliostat Deployment
Worldwide...................................................................................................
27
4 Heliostat’s Cost ... 39
4.1. Cost Reduction Potential ... 41
5 Heliostat Functional Specifications
................................................................................................
48
5.1. Heliostat Typical Specifications
.................................................................................................
48
5.2. Minimal Functional Specifications for Small Heliostat
...............................................................
53
6 References / Bibliography ... 57
SNIPPET 1:
--- Quote ---
> The optimum heliostat size — if in fact one exists — will be
better understood as the power tower industry continues to
deploy and operate more systems. Power tower industry is forced
at least by market and commercial constrains to design and
produce optimum (cost-effective) heliostats, in the near, medium
term to significantly reduce capital cost of CSP becoming more
and more competitive in the energy market, CR technologies have
the potential of leading Solar Power through effective cost
reduction to competitiveness.
>
> Starting with initial heliostat efforts in the early 1970s up
to today, there has been a general tendency to increase the
heliostat size from about 12 m2 to approximately 150-200 m2,
with several counter-examples of much smaller heliostats,
primarily in the past several years. So that, currently, there
is no consensus among CR-CSP developers regarding the optimum
size of a heliostat.
>
> The tendency to favor larger heliostats during this period has
apparently been based more in local experiences while building
and testing the first prototypes than in a holistic analysis of
the problem, leaving aside the benefits of mass production, lean
manufacturing processes in terms of quality control and cost
reduction both demanded by CR technologies in part on the
assumed advantages of “economies of scale”.
>
> An expected benefit with larger heliostats was that the fixed
cost of some components that are needed per each unit of
heliostat could be spread over a larger area, thus reducing the
specific cost per unit area.
>
> Other factors may have played a role in this general trend,
such as availability of commercial drive units potentially
offering high performance and low cost, or relaxing design
criteria to achieve lower costs by increasing the reflector area
to the maximum allowable for a given drive unit. In efforts to
reduce the cost of the drive, a number of customized drive
products have been developed by companies such as Sener
[Lata2010], Flender Siemens [Siemens2008, Teufel2008,
Kunert2009], Winsmith [Kolb2007, Winsmith2003] and Cone Drive
[ConeDrive2013].
>
> For smaller heliostats, the cost of the control and
communication system also becomes an important cost driver
favoring larger heliostats.
--- End Quote ---
SNIPPET 2:
--- Quote ---
> [color=navy]
> Table 3: Advantages and drawbacks appearing when heliostat
size is varying.
>
> Heliostat Increasing size
>
> PROs
>
> Increasing Benefit from the economics of enlargement
>
> Reducing the number of heliostat leads to reducing the cost
by:
>
> taking as much advantage as possible from expensive high-tech
components mainly high precision tracking systems,
>
> Lowering the specific operation and maintenance costs
>
>
> CONs
>
> Increase of torques from wind loads, resulting in higher
specific weight and higher specific drive power. Thus the level
of demand in the technical specifications of the heliostat’s
tracking system increases with the size.
>
> On-site heliostat assembly is difficult (facilities not
well-equipped, not easily automated and time consuming processes
are involved such as canting);
>
> Canting accuracy becomes critical for a large heliostat. (For
large heliostat fields where last row of heliostats could be
placed at several kilometers from the solar tower, to be able to
concentrate, large area heliostat need to keep their theoretical
curvature).
>
> Land use might be worse with large heliostats and the long
distance heliostats provide worse optical efficiency.
>
> Strong limitations when applying mass productions and lean
manufacturing processes
--- End Quote ---
SNIPPET 3:
--- Quote ---
> There are now 226,852 heliostats in operation (Table 5) with a
total mirror surface of about 3.3 millions of square meters. The
figures for the heliostats to be implemented in the plants
(and/or facilities) under construction are very similar: about
238,000 heliostats with a total surface of about 2 million
square meters.
>
> The total number of heliostats by adding the plants under
development and planned to the operational and under
construction plants, amounts to 835,838 heliostat units with a
total mirror surface of about 17 million square meters.
--- End Quote ---
HTML https://www.stage-ste.eu/deliverables/STAGE_STE_Deliverable_12_1.pdf
I REPEAT, Heliostats would not have been built in the first
place if they weren't MORE cost effective than polluting fossil
fuel power plants and dirty energy drilling operations.
The FACT that they are building so many MORE of them is evidence
that they DO produce cheaper Electricity than polluting energy
sources. Anyone claiming otherwise is ignorant or energy math
challenged.
[center]
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[center]
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[center][img
width=640]
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[center]Renewable energy=
HTML http://www.createaforum.com/gallery/renewablerevolution/3-301014181553.gif<br
/>
HTML http://www.pic4ever.com/images/acigar.gif=Fossil
Fuelers
[/center]
#Post#: 5224--------------------------------------------------
Re: Concentrated Solar Power (CSP)
DIR By: AGelbert
Date: June 6, 2016, 7:10 pm
---------------------------------------------------------
[center]Dubai to Build World’s Largest Concentrated Solar Power
Plant
HTML http://dl.glitter-graphics.net/pub/2203/2203581bnrjxumnn6.gif[/center]
Lorraine Chow | June 6, 2016 11:11 am
Dubai will soon be home to the world’s largest concentrated
solar power plant.
The Dubai Water and Electricity Authority (DEWA) has announced
the second phase of a massive solar project located in the
Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum Solar Park. According to a press
release, the park is the largest single-site project to generate
electricity from solar energy in the world, based on an
independent power producer model.
The 13-megawatt first phase of the project has been operational
since October 2013 and the 200-megawatt second phase will be
operational by April 2017. The facility will ultimately produce
1,000 megawatts by 2020 and 5,000 megawatts by 2030, which will
provide power for 800,000 homes. The solar park will help reduce
6.5 million tonnes of carbon emissions annually, the release
said.
The project easily trounces the capacity of the world’s current
record-holder, the Noor-Ouarzazate plant in Morocco which will
have a 580-megawatt capacity by 2018.
[center][img
width=640]
HTML https://specimennews.files.wordpress.com/2016/02/world_largest_concentrated_solar_plant_morocco_1.jpg?w=547[/img][/center]
[center]Noor-Ouarzazate plant in Morocco
HTML http://us.123rf.com/400wm/400/400/yayayoy/yayayoy1106/yayayoy110600019/9735563-smiling-sun-showing-thumb-up.jpg<br
/> [/center]
DEWA has already received five bids from international companies
for the Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum Solar Park’s 800-megawatt
third phase, with the lowest bid at USD 2.99 cents per kilowatt,
a record-low price for solar power.
The ambitious project is part of the Dubai Clean Energy Strategy
2050, which aims to provide 7 percent of the emirate’s total
power output from clean energy sources by 2020, 25 percent by
2030 and 75 percent by 2050, Saeed Mohammed Al Tayer, DEWA CEO
and managing director, said in a statement.
In this June 2 post from DEWA’s Twitter account, Al Tayer
announced the project:
The project is called a “concentrated solar plant” because it
consists of a large number of movable mirrors, or heliostats,
that can follow the sun’s path and harness sunlight to melt
salt. The molten salt stores energy and can be used to power a
steam turbine, allowing for energy production even when the sun
isn’t shining.
“An important advantage of [concentrated solar power] is that
thermal heat, which is used to produce electricity, can be
stored easily, which makes it possible to produce electricity
after sunset,” Al Tayer said. “The plant will have several
thousand heliostats located around a tower that receives the
radiation reflected by the heliostats which follow the sun’s
movement. The heat-transfer fluid is then used to power the
steam turbine to generate electricity.
“The project will use thermal storage for 8-12 hours daily,
taking into account technical and economic factors. This will
contribute to improving the effectiveness and efficiency of
production and meet the requirements of the electricity grid.
This in turn, will provide sustainable world-class energy supply
for everyone in terms of availability and reliability, and
support the sustainable development of the emirate. It will
contribute to making Dubai the city with the lowest carbon
footprint in the world by 2050.”
In addition to generating power, the facility features a
solar-powered water pumping and desalination station that has a
production capacity of 50 cubic meters of potable water a day,
the press release stated.
Al Tayer said that DEWA is working to diversify Dubai’s energy
mix to include 61 percent from natural gas, 25 percent from
solar energy, 7 percent from coal and 7 percent from nuclear
power by 2030. The reliance on clean energy sources will be
increased incrementally to touch 75 percent by 2050, he added.
“Our wise leadership is pursuing the transformation towards
clean and renewable energy to achieve a vision that recognizes
their significance in achieving a balance between development
and sustainability. This will help protect the rights of future
generations to live in a clean, healthy and safe environment,”
Al Tayer said.
HTML http://www.createaforum.com/gallery/renewablerevolution/3-280416145345.jpeg<br
/>
HTML http://www.bativert.ma/images/image3.jpg
HTML https://ecowatch.com/2016/06/06/dubai-concentrated-solar-plant/
HTML https://ecowatch.com/2016/06/06/dubai-concentrated-solar-plant/
Agelbert NOTE: Heliostats have a tremendous future in the high
sunlight, dry areas of the planet. The Government of Dubai
understands this.
--- Quote ---
> There are now 226,852 heliostats in operation (Table 5) with a
total mirror surface of about 3.3 millions of square meters. The
figures for the heliostats to be implemented in the plants
(and/or facilities) under construction are very similar: about
238,000 heliostats with a total surface of about 2 million
square meters.
>
> The total number of heliostats by adding the plants under
development and planned to the operational and under
construction plants, amounts to 835,838 heliostat units with a
total mirror surface of about 17 million square meters.
--- End Quote ---
HTML https://www.stage-ste.eu/deliverables/STAGE_STE_Deliverable_12_1.pdf
HTML https://www.stage-ste.eu/deliverables/STAGE_STE_Deliverable_12_1.pdf
Heliostats would not have been built in the first place if they
weren't more cost effective than polluting fossil fuel power
plants and dirty energy drilling operations. Heliostats are a
welcome contribution to our renewable energy mix.
The fact that they are building so many more of them is evidence
that they do produce cheaper Electricity than polluting energy
sources. Anyone claiming otherwise is in error.
Fossil-fueled facilities are 17-34 times more dangerous to birds
on a per GWh basis than wind power. Heliostats, LESS dangerous
than wind power to birds, have caused the deaths of hundreds of
birds and wind turbines may have killed about 7000 birds, but
fossil-fueled stations killed 14.5 million and nuclear 327,000.
#Post#: 5673--------------------------------------------------
Re: Concentrated Solar Power (CSP)
DIR By: AGelbert
Date: September 14, 2016, 12:27 pm
---------------------------------------------------------
[center]China will start up 20 solar thermal power plants by
2018: NEA[/center]
China will start up its first batch of 20 solar thermal power
projects online by 2018, said the National Energy
Administration(NEA) on Wednesday.
The projects with a total capacity of 1.35 gigawatt are
concentrated in the five provinces that receive the most
sunlight in the nation, Qinghai, Gansu, Hebei, Inner Mongolia
and Xinjiang, said the NEA.
--- Quote ---
>
> Solar thermal power plant use solar arrays to heat water that
produces steam that runs turbines to produce electricity.
--- End Quote ---
Power plants operators such as China General Nuclear Power
Group, China Huaneng Group [HUANP.UL], China Guodian Corp
[CNGUO.UL] and Zhejiang Supcon Solar Technology Co are involved,
said the NEA.
These projects will collect a higher price from grid operators
than traditional solar projects using photovoltaic cells at 1.15
yuan ($0.17) per kilowatt hour.
But that price level will be reduced in 2019 in accordance with
the industry's development, said the National Development and
Reform Commission (NDRC) in a statement released earlier this
month.
(Reporting By Kathy Chen and David Stanway; Editing by Christian
Schmollinger)
HTML http://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-power-solar-idUSKCN11K11O
#Post#: 7204--------------------------------------------------
Re: Concentrated Solar Power (CSP)
DIR By: AGelbert
Date: May 25, 2017, 6:04 pm
---------------------------------------------------------
[center]Abu Dhabi's government-owned power utility has closed a
3.2 billion dirham ($872 million) financing package for what
will be the world's largest solar power plant
HTML http://us.123rf.com/400wm/400/400/yayayoy/yayayoy1106/yayayoy110600019/9735563-smiling-sun-showing-thumb-up.jpg<br
/>, the utility's top official said on Wednesday.[/center]
Abu Dhabi Water & Electricity Authority (ADWEA) raised $650
million in debt with the remaining $222 million raised in
equity, Director General Saif Saleh al-Sayari told reporters.
A consortium of Japan's Marubeni Corp and China's JinkoSolar
Holding were selected this year to build and operate the 1,177
megawatt plant.
“The financing which is completed is a $650 million project
finance from local and international commercial banks,”
al-Sayari said, adding that the 25-year loan is structured in a
way that will allow refinancing after five years.
Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi was the leading arranger of the loan
along with three other Japanese banks – Sumitomo Mitsui Banking
Corporation, Mitsubishi UFJ Trust and Norinchukin Bank.
French Banks – BNP Paribas Credit Agricole, Natixis - and First
Abu Dhabi Bank were also part of the deal.
The equity portion will be contributed by ADWEA and the project
developers Marubeni and JinkoSolar.
Construction of the independent solar plant with a capacity of
1,177 megawatts will begin immediately with completion scheduled
for the second quarter of 2019.
The project is ADWEA'S first foray into renewable energy. Abu
Dhabi aims to generate 7 percent of its energy from renewables
by 2020; the government's green energy firm Masdar has launched
renewable energy projects including solar plants.
The winning bidders offered to provide electricity for 2.42
cents per kilowatt hour, one of the most competitive prices seen
in the solar industry.
A special purpose company, Sweihan PV Power Company, has been
formed to operate the project, located east of the city of Abu
Dhabi, capital of the United Arab Emirates. ADWEA holds 60
percent of the company while Marubeni and JinkoSolar each hold
20 percent.
HTML http://www.reuters.com/article/us-abu-dhabi-solar-financing-idUSKBN18K1LG
HTML http://www.reuters.com/article/us-abu-dhabi-solar-financing-idUSKBN18K1LG
#Post#: 14509--------------------------------------------------
Re: Concentrated Solar Power (CSP)
DIR By: AGelbert
Date: November 21, 2019, 11:59 am
---------------------------------------------------------
[center]Heliogen achieves solar 'breakthrough' that could
replace 🦕🦖 fossil fuels in some industries
HTML http://www.createaforum.com/gallery/renewablerevolution/3-141113185047.png<br
/> [/center]
[center]Using advanced computer vision to reflect sunlight
HTML http://renewablerevolution.createaforum.com/gallery/renewablerevolution/1/3-250718210628.gif<br
/>onto a target[/center]
By Shawn Knight on November 20, 2019, 12:30 PM
[center]
HTML https://static.techspot.com/images2/news/bigimage/2019/11/2019-11-20-image-12.jpg[/center]<br
/>
Something to look forward to: Clean energy company Heliogen has
developed a technique for creating concentrated solar energy
that could be used to replace fossil fuels in key industrial
processes. Its secret? Advanced computer vision that helps to
hyper-accurately align mirrors.
HTML http://www.createaforum.com/gallery/renewablerevolution/3-080515182559.png
Up to this point, commercial concentrating solar thermal systems
have only been able to reach temperatures of up to 565 degrees
Celsius. While handy, it’s not nearly hot enough for use in many
industrial processes.
By using advanced computer vision software to accurately align a
large array of mirrors to reflect sunlight onto a single target,
Heliogen was able to hit temperatures exceeding 1,000 degrees
Celsius. That’s warm enough to effectively replace the use of
fossil fuels in the creation of things like steel, cement and
petrochemicals and could drastically reduce global greenhouse
gas emissions.
[center]
HTML https://static.techspot.com/images2/news/bigimage/2019/11/2019-11-20-image-13.jpg<br
/>[/center]
Heliogen founder and CEO Bill Gross said we’ve made great
strides in deploying clean energy for electrical systems but
notes that electricity only accounts for less than a quarter of
global energy demand. “Heliogen represents a technological leap
forward in addressing the other 75 percent of energy demand: the
use of fossil fuels for industrial processes and
transportation,” he added.
The startup has attracted the support of philanthropist Bill
Gates.
“I’m pleased to have been an early backer of Bill Gross’s novel
solar concentration technology,” Gates said. “Its capacity to
achieve the high temperatures required for these processes is a
promising development in the quest to one day replace fossil
fuel.”
Heliogen’s roadmap outlines future processes that could bring
the temperature up to 1,500 degrees Celsius which is hot enough
to perform CO2 splitting and water splitting in the production
of 100 percent fossil-free fuels like hydrogen and syngas.
HTML https://www.techspot.com/news/82857-heliogen-achieves-solar-breakthrough-could-replace-fossil-fuels.html
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