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       #Post#: 2076--------------------------------------------------
       Small Scale generation now produces ONE QUARTER of world electri
       city
       By: AGelbert Date: October 23, 2014, 2:30 pm
       ---------------------------------------------------------
       Oct 20, 2014
       Authors Amory B. Lovins Chief Scientist
       Titiaan Palazzi Special Aide OCS
       Micropower’s Quiet Takeover
       [move]Small-scale, low-carbon generation now produces
       one-quarter of world electricity  :o   ;D[/move]
       In a cover story and article 14 years ago about the emergent
       disruption of utilities, The Economist’s Vijay Vaitheeswaran
       coined the umbrella term “micropower” to mean sources of
       electricity that are relatively small, modular, mass-producible,
       quick-to-deploy, and hence rapidly scalable—the opposite of
       cathedral-like power plants that cost billions of dollars and
       take about a decade to license and build. His term combined two
       kinds of micropower: renewables other than big hydroelectric
       dams, and cogeneration of electricity together with useful heat
       in factories or buildings (also known as
       combined-heat-and-power, or CHP).
       Besides being cost-competitive and rapidly scalable, why does
       micropower matter? First, as explained below, its operation
       releases little or no carbon.[1] Second, micropower enables
       individuals, communities, building owners, and factory operators
       to generate electricity, displacing dependence on centralized,
       inefficient, dirty generators. This democratizes energy choices,
       promotes competition, speeds learning and innovation, and can
       further accelerate deployment—because “vernacular” technologies
       accessible to many diverse market actors, even if individually
       small, tend to deploy faster in sum than a few big units
       requiring specialized institutions, complex approvals, intricate
       logistics, and hence long lead times.
       Thanks to Bloomberg New Energy Finance, which tracks investments
       and generating capacity, and the global expert network
       REN21.net, which tracks capacity and (where known) electrical
       output, global progress in renewables has become rather
       transparent. Starting in 2005 and updated with a fifth edition
       in July 2014, RMI’s Micropower Database added a third source:
       industry sales data for cogeneration equipment. Tracking
       renewables, minus big hydro, plus cogeneration, this database
       documents the global progress of distributed, rapidly scalable,
       and (as we’ll see) no- or low-carbon generators.
       The update’s most astonishing finding: micropower now produces
       about one-fourth of the world’s total electricity (Fig. 1).
       (Excellent Graphics at link:)[
       img]
  HTML http://www.pic4ever.com/images/8.gif[/img]
  HTML http://blog.rmi.org/blog_2014_10_20_micropowers_quiet_takeover
       Micropower’s climate implications
       Operating modern renewables is essentially carbon-free, except
       for minor subsets fueled by biomass grown using unsustainable
       practices that gradually deplete soil carbon.[2] Of the
       estimated 3–5 percent of cogeneration fueled by biomass, most is
       in the forest products industry, whose biomass wastes produce
       most of its electricity and process heat.
       Cogeneration in refineries often burns waste fuels that would
       otherwise be uselessly flared. Similarly, much industrial
       cogeneration harnesses waste heat previously thrown away. Where
       extra fuel is burned to make electricity as well as heat,
       typically far less is burned than when making them separately.
       If cogeneration also produces cooling and other services, it can
       convert as much as 93 percent of fuel energy into useful work,
       both in industry and in buildings. Moreover, the natural gas
       that fuels most cogeneration is only about half as
       carbon-intensive as the coal-fired power-only generation it
       often displaces.[3]
       Big hydroelectric dams and nuclear power are also carbon-free in
       operation. Thus in 2013, nearly half of the world’s electricity
       was produced with little or no carbon release: 8.4 percent by
       modern renewables [4], 10.2 percent by nuclear power (set to be
       overtaken by modern renewables in 2015), 15.5 percent by
       cogeneration [5], and 13.5 percent by big hydroelectric dams
       (excluding the 2.8 percent small hydro classified under modern
       renewables).
       The other half came from power-only plants, burning mainly coal.
       Those plants cost more to build, and often more just to run,
       than their competitors, so their orders are fading, their
       operations are dwindling, and over decades, they’ll retire in
       favor of cleaner, cheaper substitutes—both micropower and
       efficient use.
       Winners and losers
       
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       Far from recognizing that they’re being rapidly overtaken, many
       advocates of coal or nuclear power stations don’t even
       acknowledge
  HTML http://www.pic4ever.com/images/gen152.gif
       micropower
       as an important competitor —even as it grabs their markets and
       destroys their sales. In 2009, a senior strategic planner for a
       major nuclear vendor told me micropower was trivial—having
       failed to find it in official databases of utility-owned central
       power stations, without understanding the difference. And even
       at minor market share, micropower can have major effects. The
       solar 4.7 percent of Germany’s 2013 generation destroyed the
       incumbent utilities’ business model and wiped a half-trillion
       Euros off their market cap.
       Yet by the end of 2013, the rapid output growth of both modern
       renewables and cogeneration (Fig. 1) had eclipsed shrinking
       nuclear power by 3.34-fold in capacity and 2.35-fold in output.
       Modern renewables alone, those other than big hydro dams,
       reached 1.95 times nuclear power’s capacity in 2013 and should
       exceed its annual electricity output by 2015. This role reversal
       (Fig. 2) is accelerating, due mainly to economics and to modular
       renewables’ extraordinarily dynamic scaling mechanism.
       The trends are even clearer when we look at where today’s money
       is invested, because power plants built long ago tell us only
       about the past, while those now being ordered reveal the future.
       More new renewable capacity than fossil-fueled plus nuclear
       capacity was added in 2013. As orders grow for renewables but
       shrink for central thermal stations, Bloomberg New Energy
       Finance expects that by 2030, new renewable capacity, including
       big hydro, will exceed new thermal capacity by 7.4-fold (Fig.
       3), without even counting cogeneration.
       For micropower as for cellphones and personal computers, the
       race goes to the quick—but photovoltaic power worldwide is
       scaling up even faster than cellphones. Advocates who assume
       renewables can’t do much without a breakthrough in bulk storage
       of electricity are in for a rude awakening.
       Banking giant UBS calls the big, slow, lumpy, expensive coal and
       nuclear plants “the dinosaur of the future energy system: Too
       big, too inflexible, not even relevant for backup power in the
       long run.” Such obsolete technologies are less at risk from
       regulatory mandates than from market defeat by a swarm of agile
       competitors that their promoters don’t even recognize. What a
       sad epitaph—Devoured by Invisible Ants.
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       [1] Carbon emissions embodied in the energy and materials used
       to produce different kinds of energy equipment are separate,
       relatively small, and broadly consistent with their relative
       economic costs, so they’re not further examined here. New hydro
       dams that flood big areas can also release large amounts of
       methane from the rotting of submerged vegetation.
       [2] U.S. woodchip exports, chiefly for cofiring Britain’s Drax
       coal plant, raise such concerns but aren’t in RMI’s database
       because Drax is a giant power-only station, not a smaller
       cogenerator.
       [3] However, this comparison ignores the unknown degree of
       methane leakage from both the gas and the coal systems, the
       export of displaced coal that is then burned abroad, and
       cogeneration’s potential displacement of some carbon-free
       generation.
       [4] RMI’s estimate of 2013 electricity production exceeds the ~6
       percent stated by the authoritative REN21.net global expert
       network. That’s because RMI includes 191 GW of small hydropower
       <50 MW, based on Bloomberg New Energy Finance (BNEF)
       transaction-based capacity data, while REN21’s 6-percent figure
       excludes all hydropower.
       [5] Conservatively excluding large industrial installations:
       RMI’s database includes all cogenerating turbines up to 30 MW,
       but fractions decreasing down to 5 percent for &#8805;120 MW.
       This article originally appeared on Forbes.com.
  HTML http://blog.rmi.org/blog_2014_10_20_micropowers_quiet_takeover
       #Post#: 2078--------------------------------------------------
       the Caribbean is blessed with world-class amounts of renewable r
       esources
       By: AGelbert Date: October 23, 2014, 5:23 pm
       ---------------------------------------------------------
       Oct 23, 2014
       Authors Jesse Morris Manager
       Kaitlyn Bunker, Ph.D. Associate
       Four Reasons Why Natural Gas is the Wrong Choice for Electricity
       in the Caribbean
       SUMMARY:
       1: Efficiency and Renewables are Cheaper than LNG and Diesel
       2: LNG Infrastructure Isn’t Cheap
       3: LNG = Energy Price Volatility
       4: Small-Scale LNG Faces Serious Contractual Challenges
       A Bridge to Nowhere
       Given the abundant wind and solar resources available in the
       Caribbean, and the still-falling costs of installing renewable
       generation compared with converting existing diesel resources to
       LNG, choosing renewables over LNG now is a smart economic
       decision.
  HTML http://www.pic4ever.com/images/128fs318181.gif
       As
       the case of San Andres illustrates, sinking capital into LNG
       would be a poor decision for most Caribbean islands facing
       similar challenges. There’s simply no reason to build this
       expensive, unnecessary natural gas bridge when the cost-saving
       benefits of renewables and efficiency can be captured here and
       now.
       FULL ARTICLE WITH COST COMPARISON BAR GRAPH and detailed
       information at link:
  HTML http://blog.rmi.org/blog_2014_10_23_four_reasons_why_natural_gas_is_wrong_for_electricity_in_the_caribbean
       [img width=60
       height=60]
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       />
       #Post#: 2197--------------------------------------------------
       THE ROAD AHEAD: A ROLE FOR REINVENTING FIRE: CHINA
       By: AGelbert Date: November 13, 2014, 6:21 pm
       ---------------------------------------------------------
       THE ROAD AHEAD: A ROLE FOR REINVENTING FIRE: CHINA
       In partnership with China’s Energy Research Institute, Energy
       Foundation China, and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory,
       Rocky Mountain Institute is 18 months into a 24-month study
       called Reinventing Fire: China. The project is a pan-Pacific
       cooperative research effort to reimagine China’s future energy
       system as one that is clean, connected, distributed, and secure.
       Reinventing Fire: China is a pathway designed to enhance energy
       and environmental security without compromising economic growth.
       The initiative’s analysis aims to measure the economic, social,
       and environmental benefits of rapidly deploying renewables and
       energy efficiency technologies in China. To do so, it focuses on
       an economy-wide analysis of the four energy-producing and
       -consuming sectors of the economy: buildings, industry,
       transportation, and electricity.
       While the analysis is still being refined, [b]the project team
       believes China might be able to more than double its 2030
       target[/b] of 20 percent non-fossil supply economically by 2050.
       Full article at link below:
       [color=blue] The United States and China's Joint Climate Policy
       Announcement—What It Means
  HTML http://blog.rmi.org/blog_2014_11_13_usa_and_china_joint_climate_policy_announcement_what_it_means
       #Post#: 2253--------------------------------------------------
       Re: The Big Picture of Renewable Energy Growth
       By: AGelbert Date: November 25, 2014, 5:50 pm
       ---------------------------------------------------------
       11/21/2014 06:29 PM
       Toyota Marks New Era With Sales of Fuel-Cell Cars
  HTML http://www.runemasterstudios.com/graemlins/images/2thumbs.gif
       SustainableBusiness.com News
       Next month marks the start of a new era as Toyota begins sales
       of the world's first mass produced hydrogen fuel-cell car.
       Mirai goes on sale in Japan this year, and in Europe and the US
       (east and west coasts) toward the end of 2015. Toyota's goal is
       to sell 700 cars next year, 3000 by the end of 2017, and "tens
       of thousands" within 10 years. It has 200 pre-orders from
       government agencies and corporations.
       "We are at a turning point in the automotive industry," says CEO
       Akio Toyoda. When we introduced the first hybrid car in the
       world (the Prius), people said we couldn't break through, and
       now we will do it again."
       Indeed, while Prius means "to go before," Mirai means "the
       future" in Japanese. The Prius "paved the way by demonstrating
       the future of mobility would include electric motors."
       [img]
  HTML http://www.trbimg.com/img-54691272/turbine/la-fi-hy-toyota-mirai-hydrogen-fuel-cell-vehicle-20141116[/img]
       Toyota Mirai fuel cell car
       "After surviving millions of miles on the test track and 10
       years of testing on public roads, in freezing cold and scorching
       heat, after passing extensive crash tests and after working with
       local governments and researchers around the world to help make
       sure it is easy and convenient to refuel, we are ready to
       deliver," he says. They also cut the cost 95% over 20 years of
       R&D.
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       Toyota Mirai fuel cell car
       Mirai, with two hydrogen tanks under the seats, has a range of
       400-435 miles, and can accelerate from 0-60 miles per hour in 9
       seconds. A powertrain with an electric motor and fuel cell stack
       replaces the gasoline engine.
       In the US, it will retail at $57,500, ending up around $45,000
       after federal and state incentives. Filling up will cost more
       than gas at first but will cheaper in the long run, Toyota says,
       and California will provide it free to Mirai owners.
       Where the Hydrogen Stations Are
       "It was a big challenge when we first introduced the Prius in
       1997 and it's an even bigger challenge this time because there
       is no infrastructure," notes Yoshikazu Tanaka, deputy chief
       engineer for Toyota's next generation vehicle development.
       Imagine launching a completely new car where there's hardly any
       place to fill up!  There are two commercial fuel stations in
       Japan, and 43 under construction, according to the Ministry of
       Economy, Trade and Industry, with plans for 100 by the end of
       2016 - subsidized partially by the government.
       Germany also plans to have 100 stations by 2017, and in the US,
       Hydrogen Highways are being built in California (60 stations by
       2016) and in the Northeast (12 stations).
       Toyota says it's not the number of stations that are important,
       however, but where they are located. California, for example,
       would do just fine with 15% of its gas stations.
       Mike Chino, writing for Inhabitat, describes the Mirai this way:
       "The Toyota Mirai drove like a dream - it floats along the road
       and the ride is virtually silent save for the sci-fi sound of
       the hydrogen pump and the whirr of the electric drivetrain. The
       car's electric motors give it plenty of torque and a sprightly
       pickup, and the vehicle's touch-sensitive controls are a
       pleasure to use. A counter on the dashboard displays how many
       miles you can drive until it's time to fill up.
       The refueling process was a breeze at the Fountain Valley
       station [Orange County, CA]. It took a few seconds for the pump
       to pressurize, and then I attached the gas-like pump to the
       hydrogen valve and locked it in. The mechanics are remarkably
       similar to the way a standard gas pump operates, and the entire
       process took less than five minutes. The fact that it can be
       powered by human waste is testament to how versatile fuel cell
       vehicles can be."
       The final judge of fuel-cell cars will be where the hydrogen
       comes from - natural gas? solar or wind energy? or in this case,
       from biogas at a nearby wastewater treatment plant.
       Last month, the US Department of Energy announced a $1 million
       prize for completing the fuel cell car puzzle - developing an
       affordable way for people to fill-up their cars right at home.
       They are also working on a standard design for commercial
       stations.
       Read our article, Get Ready For Hydrogen Fuel Cell Cars, Coming
       Next Year.
       Honda - which is working with GM to commercialize hydrogen
       vehicles - postponed the debut of its fuel-cell car until 2016,
       and VW (Golf HyMotion), Hyundai, Audi (H-Tron Quattro) and BMW
       all showed off their hydrogen concept cars at the Los Angeles
       Auto Show:
       
       Website:
  HTML http://inhabitat.com/tag/los-angeles-auto-show/
  HTML http://www.sustainablebusiness.com/index.cfm/go/news.display/id/26022
       #Post#: 2260--------------------------------------------------
       Re: The Big Picture of Renewable Energy Growth
       By: AGelbert Date: November 26, 2014, 2:47 pm
       ---------------------------------------------------------
       A Big Change in How the IEA Views Renewables
       Michael Kanellos
       November 26, 2014
       SNIPPET:
       [quote]  ... some other notes from the 2014 report
       •Subsidies for fossil fuels are four times greater those given
       to renewables  >:(. Fossil fuel subsidies come to approximately
       $550 billion a year
  HTML http://www.createaforum.com/gallery/renewablerevolution/3-200714183404.bmp.<br
       />Subsidies to renewables come to around $121 billion. Renewable
       subsidies will rise to $230 billion by 2030 but then drop to
       $205 billion by 2040.
       •Global investment in power infrastructure will total $21
       trillion by 2040. A significant portion will go toward upgrading
       transmission and distribution networks. It’s needed. The average
       age of transformers in the U.S. is 42 years. The average
       lifetime expectancy of a transformer is 40 years.
       •Nuclear shifts to non-OECD nations. In 2013, there were 434
       nuclear reactors worldwide  >:(,  supplying 11% of the world’s
       power, far down from the 18% market share in 1996. Nuclear’s
       market share will grow to 12% by 2040  >:(, but the big change
       is the locations of the reactors. The bulk of the 380GW coming
       on line will be in China and other non-OECD nations while the
       majority of the 148GW retirements will come in North America
       ;D, Europe and Japan  ;D. Still, nuclear remains one of the
       “limited options”  ::) for controlling emissions.
       •Watch Sub-Saharan Africa. The region has tremendous potential
       for solar, geothermal, wind and natural resource extraction
  HTML http://www.runemasterstudios.com/graemlins/images/2thumbs.gif.<br
       />In the last five years, 30% of new oil and discoveries were ma
       de
       there. It will also be a hotbed of grid experimentation. 950
       million people will get access for the first time to regular
       sources of power by 2040 and 70% of those new customers in rural
       areas will get power through microgrids and off grid
       systems.[/quote]
       A. G. Gelbert
       November 26, 2014
       The slow transition to a 100% renewable energy world
       civilization is inevitable. And that includes shutting down of
       all nuclear power plants and the bioremediation of all the
       polluted sites that dirty energy has visited us with.
       That said, it may be too late already to avoid massive die offs
       in the human population. The die offs in thousands of other
       species are already part of our new "normal" insanity of
       corporate profit over planet.
       Some people welcome a drop in out human population. They are
       stupid. Why? Because the millions that may die from our overly
       slow foot dragging in the transition to renewable energy ARE NOT
       part of the upper 20% that does over 80% of the environmental
       damage. In other words, the pollution and pillage will continue
       even with a much reduced human population. The problem is in our
       leaders, not in the masses.
       The scientists have warned us. That's all they can do. Our
       leaders either get real or we have had it.
       The 1%'s Responsibility to Shoulder 80% of the COST of a 100%
       Renewable Energy World:
  HTML http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/rea/blog/post/2013/10/one-percents-planetary-assets-equals-80-responsibility-for-funding-a-100-renewable-energy-world<br
       />
       Fossil Fuel Fascism in Action (3 minute lesson on our Orwellian
       world):
  HTML http://viewrz.com/video/fossil-fuel-fascism-in-action
       
       Corporate Business model in ONE MINUTE:
  HTML http://viewrz.com/video/the-corporate-business-model-is-psychopathic<br
       />
       When you are in a hole, you are supposed to stop digging. If we
       don't, then our species should have our scientific name changed
       from Homo sapiens to Homo SAPS. The biosphere is not impressed
       with our so called "intelligence" and "advanced" tool making. We
       are succeeding in killing off a large part of the biosphere
       which constitutes the human life support system and seed corn.
       If that is not stupid, suicidal evolutionary dead end behavior,
       I don't know what is.
       If we survive it MUST be through a paradigm shift in our
       government and civilizational structure. I'm not holding my
       breath for Homo SAP to do it, but here's how it MUST be done, if
       we are to avoid extinction and achieve harmony with the
       biosphere:
       Golden Rule Government: A Lawful System Based on Caring instead
       of Conquest:
  HTML http://renewablerevolution.createaforum.com/who-can-you-trust/corruption-in-government/msg2043/#msg2043
       #Post#: 2296--------------------------------------------------
       Re: The Big Picture of Renewable Energy Growth
       By: AGelbert Date: December 1, 2014, 2:32 pm
       ---------------------------------------------------------
       Japan Should Continue Its Road Towards Renewables
       Dolf Gielen, Director of Innovation & Technology, International
       Renewable Energy Agency
       December 01, 2014
       The power sector crisis in Japan has entered a new stage. The
       recent refusal of Japanese utilities to grant grid access to new
       renewable energy projects should not be seen as a failure of
       Japan’s renewable energy policy, but as a consequential and
       necessary phase to extend Japan’s technological leadership into
       the power sector.
       Through its feed-in tariff for renewables projects, Japan
       catapulted from a laggard into a frontrunner of renewable energy
       deployment in less than two years. From July 2012 to the end of
       June 2014, more than 11 gigawatts (GW) of renewables were
       installed and an additional 60 GW of renewable projects have
       been approved. In comparison, Japan’s total installed power
       generation capacity equates to around 280 GW.
       At a national level, the renewables contribution (4 percent) is
       also much lower than the renewables contribution to power
       production in other countries. Although Japan’s grid
       infrastructure is unique, small countries like Denmark (47
       percent), industrial power houses like Germany (25 percent), and
       relatively isolated countries like Portugal (58 percent) have
       achieved much higher annual penetration shares.
       So why are Japanese utilities calling for an indefinite time-out
       to review the impacts of renewables on the stability of the
       grid? The main technical challenge for Japan lies in its grid
       infrastructure, which is essentially broken up into 10 separate
       grids, each operated by a separate monopolistic utility.
       Although there are interconnections in place, the utilities have
       traditionally tried to balance supply and demand within their
       own region and cross-regional trade accounts for less than 5
       percent of all power consumed. A more formidable technical
       barrier is the fact that half of the country operates at 50 Hz
       while the other half operates at 60 Hz electricity frequency.
       Indeed, with large wind resources in northern Japan and demand
       centres in the South, new grid extensions are needed to ensure
       that the almost zero-cost production of wind can be used to
       replace the expensive and import-reliant coal, gas and oil-fired
       power stations in the South. However, such extensions are also
       expensive and unaffordable for those utilities that are already
       cash constrained. The imminent establishment of a national grid
       operator, which will take over the responsibilities for
       operating the grid and supporting interregional trade in March
       2015, adds to the inaction of utilities today.
       However, this is not the full picture. Only 0.074 GW of wind has
       been installed in the last two years and only 1 GW of wind
       capacity is in the pipeline. Almost all (98 percent) of newly
       installed projects in the last two years are solar photovoltaics
       (PV). Solar PV can be installed locally and its production
       patterns, especially in summer, are perfectly compatible with
       the peak in electricity demand for air conditioning on hot days
       when the sun is shining  ;D. Residential rooftop PV, which
       accounts for 2.4 GW or 22 percent of installed capacity in the
       last two years, perfectly matches demand profiles  ;D and can
       reduce the need for more expensive options to balance the grid.
       Furthermore, community-scale systems (up to 50 kW) require
       certified inverters, and installations above 50 kW are subject
       to a permitting and consultation process with the local utility
       to determine the connection to the grid and inverter choice.
       In essence, this means that grid operators have a number of
       possibilities to ensure that solar PV systems and other
       renewables are adequately integrated into the grid. Moreover,
       Japanese companies are technology leaders in a whole suit of
       technical solutions that can aid utilities in the integration of
       renewables into the grid. These technological solutions include
       smart grid technologies, electricity storage solutions like
       batteries and flywheels, fuel cells and microgeneration to name
       a few. Widespread deployment of such advanced technologies at
       home will open up markets abroad.
       But the challenge is not only a technical one. Japan’s Diet
       passed the Electricity Business Act on 11 June. This Act fully
       opens the retail electricity market to so-called Power Purchaser
       and Supplier in 2016. This means that any company is now allowed
       to sell electricity, including to households. This opens up a
       new market for companies like real-estate companies, IT
       suppliers, gas suppliers and other service providers to 84
       million customers. Together with the rise of independently owned
       generation capacity, this could mean that utilities are caught
       between a rock and a hard place.
       In all, it seems that the 10 utilities are currently caught in a
       perfect storm.  ;DThey have experienced an influx of companies
       developing new power generation, they are cash constrained due
       to the shutdown of their nuclear power stations after Fukushima
       in 2011, they face imminent investment to ensure interconnection
       options and upgrades of their existing grids, they will be
       subject to economic competition from newcomers on the market,
       and there are also plans to unbundle them.
       Now, the question is whether one-sided action from the utilities
       to refrain from connecting new renewables projects to the grid
       will remove these clouds? An alternative is to take a
       longer-term perspective. This means that the short-term
       commercial constraints of the utilities need to be recognized,
       but that all stakeholders need to work together towards a 21st
       century grid that will turn Japan from a resource-importing
       country to one that will be relying on its own natural
       resources.
  HTML http://www.pic4ever.com/images/301.gif
       Because progress on renewables is expected to continue. Before
       2016, solar PV panels on Japanese households may be cheaper than
       buying electricity from the grid.  :o
  HTML http://www.runemasterstudios.com/graemlins/images/2thumbs.gif<br
       />Wind resources are abundant and can considerably contribute to
       the cheap power needed to maintain a competitive industry. The
       many existing small hydro plants can be upgraded to provide
       reliable and flexible back-up generation, biomass and geothermal
       resources are available to provide low-cost heat, and Japan’s
       oceans provide abundant natural resources through offshore wind
       and ocean energy technologies. Japan has 25 GW pumped hydro
       electricity storage capacity that is idling due to the nuclear
       shut down, perfectly suited for storage of surplus solar PV
       electricity.
       Considering this future, it is important that instead of a
       stand-off all stakeholders come together to resolve the current
       issues and look forward towards a bright future. The engagement
       of Japanese academics in a new Committee examining the grid
       stability issue is indeed a good start. Important lessons can be
       drawn from best practices abroad where grid issues have been
       resolved, for example in Germany and Italy. And once the current
       situation is resolved, Japan should take its experience and
       manufacturing know-how and bring its solutions to other
       countries that soon will also be transforming their power
       sector.
  HTML http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/rea/news/article/2014/12/japan-should-continue-its-road-towards-renewables#comment-137797
       A. G. Gelbert
       December 1, 2014
       The problem that the 10 grid systems in Japan have is not an
       energy problem or even an infrastructure problem; it is a
       welfare queen greed problem. Yes, as long as we are human, greed
       is part of the package but that does not excuse allowing it to
       get so predatory and economy stifling that conscienceless humans
       are allowed to profit from inefficiency.
       In Japan, we may have a new, somewhat humorous and definitely
       ironic, definition of "gridlock".
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       Ever since Little John wanted to charge Robin Hood for crossing
       the stream over a log, we have had that problem of gate keepers
       that hamper progress in the service of greed.  >:(
       Alternating current is used in grids BECAUSE it is EFFICIENT to
       send current LONG distances from the generating source. This is
       not hard. This is old technology.
       As the article points out, PV is all over Japan so their is no
       excuse for not allowing the national government to beef up the
       transmission lines from the high wind areas in the north to the
       low wind areas with high electrical demand in the south. No
       excuse EXCEPT the corrupt status quo gravy train of grid
       operator gate keeping welfare queen greed.  ;)
       Excess greed is the real issue. I hope Japan addresses it
       properly. Turf battles over energy transmission rights need to
       end, not just in Japan, but all over the world. Trying to hamper
       people from setting up their own renewable energy generating
       systems by repealing incentives is wrong and will backfire. The
       Koch brother types in Japan don't understand that there just
       like they are too greedy to understand it here in the USA.
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       Right here, in the USA, Renewable Energy threatens the design of
       our electrical grids. WHY? Because the grids were originally
       designed around centralized fossil fuel power plants near large
       populated areas.
       Yes, we have a national grid divided into "islands" that have
       been written about here often. BUT, the really high powered
       transmission lines from the vast wind and geothermal sources we
       have in the USA have NEVER been built because the fossil fuel
       power plant structure never needed them. And believe me, that is
       the corrupt status quo that many are defending with tooth and
       nail.
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       The U.S. Government owns 28% of the land in the USA. Are you
       going to tell me that they could build giant hydropower
       facilities from the 1930's to the late 1940's (providing fully
       33% of grid power at that time!) along with the large
       transmission lines needed to send that power to population
       centers but CANNOT do exactly the same thing for wind and
       geothermal?  ??? Of course they can!
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       But that is a threat to every fossil fuel power plant near
       populated centers now belching out poisons from coal (and other
       fossil fuels), not limited to CO2, along with generating the
       profits (and welfare queen subsidies).
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       So, we see excessive greed acting as a gate keeper welfare queen
       to stifle beefed up transmission lines from wind and geothermal
       sources.  >:(
       The population is waking up to that game here as well as in
       Japan so they are rushing to put PV everywhere they can, thereby
       creating demand destruction for the fossil fuelers.
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       The fossil fuelers greedballs have responded, not by waking up
       and reining in their excessive greed, but by attempting to roll
       back subsidies for renewable energy in state laws This greedy
       (and quixotic) behavior just makes people more determined
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       to answer this
       unjustified gate keeper corruption with increased energy
       independence.
       We need more cooperation from the grid operators. They need to
       accept that the new normal is renewable energy and coal and
       fossil fuels have to go.
       
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       Once they accept that, they will back robust transmission lines
       that help balance the demand.
       If they don't do that, we will all eventually refuse to do
       business with them. The writing is on the wall here and in Japan
       as well. They either rein in their gate keeper greed or they go
       bankrupt.
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       TINA to a Low Carbon Economy
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       #Post#: 2304--------------------------------------------------
       Re: The Big Picture of Renewable Energy Growth
       By: AGelbert Date: December 2, 2014, 1:54 pm
       ---------------------------------------------------------
       German Utility EON To Ditch Fossil Fuel Arm, Focus on Renewables
       [img width=200
       height=130]
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       Stefan Nicola, Bloomberg
       December 02, 2014  |  1 Comments
       BERLIN -- EON SE’s plan to spin off its fossil fuel plants marks
       a watershed moment in Germany’s renewables effort that will
       likely bolster the country’s already leading position in clean
       energy.
       EON’s announcement is the culmination of a push to wind, solar
       and other alternative energy forms that the German government
       began 14 years ago with subsidies to reduce the country’s
       reliance on fossil fuels for power production. That plan gained
       added momentum in 2011 with a decision to close the country’s
       nuclear reactors following the Fukushima accident.
       Chancellor Angela Merkel’s bold move is already beginning to pay
       off, with Europe’s largest economy for the first time getting
       more electricity from renewables this year than any other
       source. About a quarter of Germany’s power now comes from green
       energy, compared with 6.2 percent in the U.S. and 4.8 percent in
       France.
       “We are in the midst of a giant transformation process of our
       energy system,” Deputy Environment Minister Jochen Flasbarth
       told reporters yesterday in Berlin. “Renewables are the
       increasingly dominant factor in the German energy mix. EON’s
       decision is a piece of the puzzle.”
       The government intends to go further, setting goals to increase
       the use of alternative energy sources to as much as 45 percent
       of all power generated by 2035 and boost that figure to 80
       percent by 2050. Germany, where the eastern countryside is
       already dotted with thousands of wind turbines, plans to do that
       in part by expanding large-scale offshore wind plants that can
       produce more reliably because the breeze is steadier at sea.
       Closing Reactors
       Merkel decided after the Fukushima accident in Japan to close
       the country’s eight oldest nuclear reactors and shutter the
       remainder by 2022. To reach stricter climate protection targets,
       Germany tomorrow will unveil details of a plan demanding
       additional emissions cuts from electricity produced using fossil
       fuel.
       “Germany has some of the most ambitious climate protection
       targets and is radically rebuilding its energy system,” said
       Sven Diermeier, an analyst at Independent Research GmbH in
       Frankfurt who follows EON and rival RWE AG. “And now EON is
       attempting the most radical rebuilding so far of any large
       European utility.”
       Germany’s push has come at a cost for the country’s utilities,
       energy-intensive industries and consumers. The influx of
       renewable power on the grid has undermined wholesale prices and
       decimated the profitability of coal and gas plants. At the same
       time, the taxes on electricity that subsidize renewable energy
       production has led to Germany having the second-highest
       household power prices in the European Union, according to
       Eurostat.
       Subsidies
       German consumers have paid a total of 106 billion euros ($132
       billion) through the surcharge on their power bills to finance
       the clean-energy expansion. The annual cost may peak this year
       and drop slightly to 22 billion euros in 2015 as the government
       begins reducing subsidies for the industry.
       Despite the expense, the shift has broad public support. A poll
       earlier this year showed 71 percent of Germans back the decision
       to close the nuclear reactors and 67 percent think the country
       isn’t doing enough to move to renewables, according to the
       Allensbach polling company.
       Against this general backdrop, power companies in Germany are
       increasingly staking their future on green energy. EON after the
       split in 2016 will concentrate on renewables, distribution and
       marketing to households and consumers. The spun-off entity will
       include conventional power generation, global energy trading,
       exploration and production.
       Renewables Focus
       “There’s a new world becoming reality that’s driven by
       customers,” EON Chief Executive Officer Johannes Teyssen said
       today in Berlin of the plan to split the utility.
       Vattenfall AB, owned by the Swedish state, wants to get rid of
       its German coal operations to focus on renewables, while ENBW
       Energie Baden-Wuerttemberg AG last year doubled its asset sales
       goal to 3 billion euros to free up cash to invest in clean
       energy. RWE, Europe’s biggest corporate emitter of greenhouse
       gases, said yesterday it didn’t plan to follow EON’s lead. RWE
       last year generated more than half of its power in Germany with
       lignite, the dirtiest fossil fuel.
       “Spinning off coal, gas and oil from the core business is a
       smart strategy for a future-oriented company,” said Patrick
       Graichen, head of Agora Energiewende. “I’m sure additional
       utilities will follow suit -- not just in Germany, but
       worldwide.”
       Electric Cars
       Merkel is also trying to reduce the country’s emissions by
       pushing Germany’s auto industry to build more electric cars
       after French, Japanese and American carmakers got off to an
       early lead. Including vehicles like Bayerische Motoren Werke
       AG’s i3 city car and an electric version of Daimler AG’s Smart
       two-seater, German auto manufacturers will offer 17 electric-
       powered models by the end of 2014, and another 12 will be going
       on sale next year, according to the country’s VDA automotive
       industry group.
       [center]
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       The chancellor today threw her support behind incentives to
       reach her goal of having 1 million electric cars on German roads
       by 2020. The country is behind on the effort in part because the
       government has previously balked at subsidies like those offered
       in France, where consumers receive as much as 6,300 euros to
       help cover the higher cost of low-emission vehicles. Electric
       car sales in Germany last year amounted to about 7,600 vehicles,
       while in France demand was almost double that at 14,400.
       “There’s a lot to do,” Merkel said during a press conference in
       Berlin. “We see that further subsidies are necessary.
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       We must speak with the
       German states about that.”
       Copyright 2014 Bloomberg
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       A. G. Gelbert
       December 2, 2014
       Germany gets it. It's time the rest of the world did too!
       Watch this one minute clip to learn why Natural Capitalism is
       the only REAL Capitalism. Modern so-called "Capitalism" (i.e.
       Crapitalism!) actually SHRINKS, DEGRADES and DESTROYS Capital!
  HTML http://viewrz.com/video/real-money
       
       The Next Revolution: Discarding Dangerous Fossil Fuel Accounting
       Practices.
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       />
       TINA to a Low Carbon Economy
  HTML http://renewablerevolution.createaforum.com/climate-change/global-warming-is-with-us/msg2114/#msg2114
       #Post#: 2310--------------------------------------------------
       Re: The Big Picture of Renewable Energy Growth
       By: AGelbert Date: December 2, 2014, 9:00 pm
       ---------------------------------------------------------
       Report from the Future  ;D
       Denmark plans to be off coal by 2025 and free of all fossil
       fuels by 2050. Danes use more wind power per capita than anyone
       else in the world, half of Copenhagen gets around by bike, and
       they're making a fortune by supplying three out of four of the
       world's offshore wind turbines. Plus -- really great pastries!
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       #Post#: 2324--------------------------------------------------
       Re: The Big Picture of Renewable Energy Growth
       By: AGelbert Date: December 4, 2014, 2:32 pm
       ---------------------------------------------------------
       NextEra Buys Hawaii’s Biggest Utility To Study Renewable Energy
       in the Island State
       The move may also help remedy some of HECO's solar power
       interconnection problems.  [img width=060
       height=055]
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       Mark Chediak and Ehren Goossens, Bloomberg
       December 04, 2014  |  2 Comments
       San Francisco and New York --  NextEra Energy Inc., North
       America’s largest generator of wind and solar power, will take
       over Hawaii’s biggest electricity company in what the company
       sees as a proving ground for its push into green energy.
       Hawaiian Electric Industries Inc. has been among the utility
       owners most vulnerable to challenges caused by distributed solar
       power, [b]in a state with the most expensive electricity rates
       in the nation.[/b] As customers defect to generating their own
       electricity from rooftop systems, the utility has said it aims
       to cut rates by 20 percent over the next 15 years by increasing
       renewable energy to 65 percent of its electricity mix.
       “It makes a lot of sense for NextEra with all the renewables
       that Hawaiian Electric was going to do,” Tim Winter, an analyst
       at Gabelli & Co. in Rye, New York, said in a telephone
       interview. NextEra is “the premier renewable energy builder and
       developer and really good at transmission.”
       NextEra Chairman and Chief Executive Officer James Robo said he
       sees Hawaiian Electric, which serves 95 percent of Hawaii’s
       population, as a testing ground for the expected transition from
       fossil-fuels to power generated from the sun and wind.
       “You can think about Hawaii as a postcard from the future of
       what’s going to happen in the electric industry in the United
       States,” Robo said by phone yesterday. “As renewable generation
       gets cheaper, as electric storage becomes more efficient and
       possible, all electric utilities are going to have to face
       this.”
       About 11 percent of Hawaiian Electric customers have rooftop
       solar systems, the highest penetration in the U.S., according to
       the Honolulu-based utility owner.
       Solar Incentives
       Solar electricity, helped by federal and state tax incentives,
       is already as cheap as utility-supplied power in 10 states
       including Hawaii, Deutsche Bank AG said in a report published in
       October.
       NextEra can use its expertise in integrating more renewables and
       transitioning to cleaner fuels while lowering customer bills in
       Hawaii, Robo said. Hawaii relies on expensive imported oil for
       its generators. NextEra has experience in weaning its Florida
       utility, FPL, off the fuel, reducing its reliance by more than
       99 percent since 2001, he said yesterday during a conference
       call with investors.
       “Given NextEra’s track record, I would think they would probably
       increase the operational efficiency of the company, which over
       the long-term should lead to lower customer bills,” said Paul
       Patterson, a New York-based analyst for Glenrock Associates LLC.
       LNG Imports
       NextEra, the nation’s largest buyer of natural gas  :P, can also
       use its expertise to help Hawaii import liquefied natural gas to
       burn to make electricity, said Hawaiian Electric Chairman and
       CEO Constance Lau in a conference call with investors.
       “This is a phenomenal opportunity for us to accelerate clean
       energy here in Hawaii,” Lau said in a telephone interview.
       Holders of Hawaiian Electric will receive 0.2413 shares in Juno
       Beach, Florida-based NextEra plus a 50-cent one-time dividend
       for each share they own, the companies said yesterday in a joint
       statement. As part of the deal, Hawaiian Electric will also spin
       off the parent of American Savings Bank.
       Including an $8 a share estimated value for the bank spinoff,
       the deal values Hawaiian Electric at about $33.50, the companies
       said during an investor presentation. That gives a total value
       of about $3.4 billion.
       Without the spinoff, the sale values Honolulu-based Hawaiian
       Electric at $25.69 a share, or $2.6 billion.
       Including debt, the total value of the transaction is about $4.3
       billion.
       Shares Jump
       Hawaiian Electric rose 17 percent to $33.00 after the close in
       trading in New York. NextEra was unchanged at $104.39.
       Hawaiian Electric was incorporated in 1891 from a royal charter
       by King David Kalakaua, before Hawaii became part of the U.S.,
       according to the company’s website.
       The deal requires approval from state and federal regulators, in
       addition to shareholders. It’s expected to be completed within
       about 12 months. NextEra won’t make any “involuntary workforce
       reductions” at Hawaiian Electric for at least two years after
       the close, the companies said.
       Citigroup Inc. is serving as financial adviser to NextEra
       Energy, and Wachtell, Lipton, Rosen & Katz is legal counsel.
       JPMorgan Chase & Co. is advising Hawaiian Electric, with
       Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP as legal counsel.
       2 Comments
       SEAN O
       December 4, 2014
       Am I the only one that finds it ironic, that NextEra is based
       out of Florida, and is the biggest Commercial Solar/Wind, and
       yet have 0 wind/solar installations in Florida, and the Florida
       utilities are the ones beating down, consumer laws?
       The article mentions hauling in NG, quite frankly, at 30-40c/kwh
       for electric, they can generate enough solar for well below that
       cost and even make lowly hydrogen to provide night time power
       and still be below that cost. They don't need to be hauling in
       NG. They can easily be self-sufficient.
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       A. G. Gelbert
       December 4, 2014
       SEAN O,
       I agree. This is very strange.
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       Is this
       about aiding the renewable energy transition or is it about a
       "testing ground" to see if fossil fuels (see LNG) can keep a
       grip on centralized power production under the guise of
       "Renewable Energy"?  [img width=80
       height=40]
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       It bears watching what actually happens to renewable energy in
       Hawaii, a state that could and should have been 100% Renewable
       Energy powered decades ago.
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       If Portugal, a much larger area with less Renewable energy
       potential than Hawaii, can reach 58% Grid Renewable Energy,
       there is ZERO excuse for Hawaii not being well over 100% to the
       point of electrifying all their transportation too.
       "Renewable energy in Portugal was the source for 58.3%[1] of the
       country's electricity generation in 2013. In the first 10 months
       of 2014, renewable energy production supplied 62% of
       consumption: 32% from hydro, 24% from Wind, 6% from biomass and
       1.3% from solar.[2]"
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       When you take even a cursory look at the VAST sun, wind and
       geothermal resources Hawaii has, it is obvious that the fossil
       fuel industry gamed the energy production in Hawaii from the
       start.
       I hope that common sense prevails in Hawaii. they need fossil
       fuels like a hole in the head AND the pocket!
       
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       #Post#: 2336--------------------------------------------------
       Re: The Big Picture of Renewable Energy Growth
       By: AGelbert Date: December 6, 2014, 2:39 pm
       ---------------------------------------------------------
       A “Business” Model for Expanding Renewable Energy: The New
       Mexico Production Tax Credit
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       Maria Blais Costello
       December 05, 2014  |  2 Comments
       The State of New Mexico now has a total renewable generation
       capacity that is over 1 million kilowatts.  ;D This huge
       milestone for renewable energy in New Mexico would have not been
       realized so soon without the NM Renewable Energy Production Tax
       Credit (REPTC).
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       The REPTC is not just a credit on taxes owed, it is a refundable
       credit and can be allocated at any time to a new owner of
       renewable electric generation. The program supports
       utility-scale wind, biomass, and solar projects by providing a
       refundable corporate income tax credit for companies that
       generate electricity from renewable energy resources.
       For wind and biomass, the credit is applicable on the first
       400,000 MWh of electricity in each of 10 consecutive taxable
       years. There is a 1 cent per kilowatt-hour (kWh) credit for wind
       or biomass, and between 1.5–4 cents per kWh for solar
       generation. For solar, the credit is applicable only to the
       first 200,000 MWh of electricity in each taxable year. To
       qualify, an energy generator must have a capacity of at least 1
       MW and be installed before January 2018.
       This innovative program involved collaboration between
       utilities, industry, and state government. It has resulted in
       long-term economic and societal benefits, leveraged private
       investment, and increased renewable energy deployment.
       Making a Change to Renewables Easier
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       The Energy Conservation and Management Division (ECMD) of the
       State of New Mexico’s Energy, Minerals and Natural Resources
       Department develops and implements effective clean energy
       programs—renewable energy, energy efficiency, alternative fuels,
       and safe transportation of radioactive waste—to promote
       environmental and economic sustainability and to protect public
       health and safety for New Mexico’s citizens. In 2003, ECMD began
       implementing the REPTC with several distinct initiatives and a
       long-term strategy.
       Quantifying the potential for renewable energy: The ECMD began
       this effort by developing “investment grade” wind maps for the
       state using an international firm whose reputation was
       acceptable to investment bankers. With this data, wind
       developers and investors became more comfortable in developing
       projects. Projects were advanced by at least three years because
       developers had reliable data at an early stage with which to
       base decisions.
       The additional New Mexico 10-year production tax credit made
       wind and solar attractive investments. Since the inception of
       REPTC, 10 wind and 21 solar projects have been completed,
       leading to 2,246,000 MWh in annual energy production.
       There are now 794 MW of wind and 232 MW of solar operating in
       New Mexico. These projects created approximately $2 billion in
       construction activity over the past ten years.  :o  ;D A waiting
       list for the tax credit includes another 677 MW of wind and 65.5
       MW of solar.   [img width=80
       height=70]
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       Helping Utilities to Meet the RPS: The existence of REPTC has
       also made it easier for electric utilities in the state to
       cost-effectively meet the targets in the state’s Renewable
       Portfolio Standard (RPS). Senate Bill 418 was signed into law in
       March 2007 and added new requirements to the states RPS. Under
       the new law, regulated electric utilities must have renewables
       meet 15 percent of the electricity needs by 2015, and 20 percent
       by 2020. Rural cooperatives must have renewable energy account
       for 5 percent of their electricity needs by 2015, increasing to
       10 percent by 2020. Renewable energy can come from new
       hydropower facilitates, from fuel cells that are not
       fossil-fueled, and from biomass, solar, wind, and geothermal
       resources. The REPTC has assisted utilities in meeting this
       standard by providing a fiscal incentive. Since October 2007,
       the REPTC has been a refundable tax credit and can be allocated
       at any time to a new owner of the renewable energy generation
       project.
       Revenue generated by land leases: Utility-scale renewable energy
       projects have become a steady source of revenue for the State
       Land Office. The New Mexico State Land Trust receives direct
       revenue from leasing public lands to wind, solar, and geothermal
       power plants. The projects qualify for the tax credit for ten
       years, but continue to produce renewable energy far beyond the
       10-year incentive, as state land leases are commonly up to 30
       years in length. Projected lease revenue for the next 38 years
       from renewable energy and transmission projects is projected to
       be $574 million.
       Renewable energy projects are also leasing private land. This
       has become an important supplemental income source for a number
       of ranchers. Land leases, construction jobs and permanent
       maintenance positions are additional ways that renewable energy
       farms are supporting rural communities. A wind turbine typically
       generates about $20,000 in annual income to farmers and
       ranchers. PV systems also generate income to the land owners.
       A Net Economic Benefit
       For wind and biomass, the credit is $0.01 per kilowatt hour
       (kWh) and applies to up to 400,000 MWh for each certified
       generator in each of ten consecutive tax years. The statewide
       cap of the credit for wind and biomass is 2,000,000 MWh of
       production per year. For solar, the credit ranges between $0.015
       and $0.04 per kWh (an average of $0.027/kWh) and applies to the
       first 200,000 MWh for each certified generator in ten
       consecutive tax years. The statewide cap of the credit for solar
       is 500,000 MWh.
       Maximum tax liability for the state each year for the
       wind/biomass and solar tax credits combined is $33,500,000. In
       contrast, as noted above, the revenue for the next 38 years from
       renewable energy and transmission projects for state-owned land
       leases is projected to be $574 million, which spread relatively
       equally over that time frame will be $15 million per year, and
       will continue for an estimated 28 years beyond the 10-year tax
       incentive.
       Without this tax incentive New Mexico would possibly have a
       small amount of wind energy, but it would in no way been able to
       create the substantial land lease revenue it has now with many,
       large-scale wind farms throughout the state. Creating the REPTC
       was New Mexico’s planned approach to make the state RPS
       acceptable to all stakeholders. In turn, this tax incentive
       leveraged private investment to benefit New Mexico. Since the
       REPTC was instated in 2003, several other states have examined
       the NM REPTC as a model for creating their own programs.
       Highlights
       •The Renewable Energy Production Tax Credit Program has brought
       wind and solar developers to invest in New Mexico, leveraging
       state investments. Interest has grown to the point that the
       state now has a project waiting list and legislators are
       considering increasing the cap on the annual energy production
       available for this credit.
       •As a result of the program, 794 MW of wind capacity and 232 MW
       of solar capacity have been installed, representing just the
       beginning of clean energy development in New Mexico.
       •The long-term benefits of the incentive program far outweigh
       the costs of the ten-year incentive program, resulting in
       continued economic benefits from and investments in renewable
       energy in the state.
       Learn More about this Program
       The New Mexico Renewable Energy Tax Credit Program was one of
       eight recipients of the 2014 State Leadership in Clean Energy
       Awards, an initiative of the Clean Energy States Alliance (CESA)
       to highlight exemplary state and municipal programs that advance
       clean energy markets. (See my previous blog from November 24,
       2014.) CESA will be hosting a webinar featuring this program on
       December 8th. The webinar is free to attend, but registration is
       required. You can learn more and register here.
       2 Comments
       A. G. Gelbert
       December 6, 2014
       Thank you, Maria Blais Costello, for this information. It's this
       kind of nuts and bolts, honest cost benefit analysis math doing
       that will enable the transition to 100% Renewable Energy.
       Anumakonda Jagadeesh
       December 6, 2014
       Excellent. Other Developing countries can adopt this.
       Dr.A.Jagadeesh Nellore(AP),India
  HTML http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/rea/blog/post/2014/12/a-business-model-for-expanding-renewable-energy-the-new-mexico-renewable-energy-production-tax-credit#comment-138085
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