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#Post#: 132--------------------------------------------------
Factbook for The Confederate State of Missouri
By: david090366 Date: May 5, 2015, 12:32 am
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The Confederate State of Missouri
[html]<table width="310" align="right" style="border:1pt solid;
margin-left: 5px; line-height: 1; border-spacing: 0;  
 border-collapse: collapse; " > <tr>  <td
colspan="2"><center><font size="3"><b>The Confederate State of
Missouri</b></font></center></td> </tr>  <td
colspan="2"><hr></td> </tr> <tr>
 <td><center><a href="
HTML http://i.imgur.com/srZW8fp.png"><img<br
/>src="
HTML http://ncsa.altervista.org/wiki/lib/exe/fetch.php/the_confederate_state_of_missouri_732238.png"<br
/>alt="State Flag" width="150"></a></center></td>
 <td><center><a href="
HTML http://i.imgur.com/9MGO3hg.png?1"><img<br
/>src="
HTML http://ncsa.altervista.org/wiki/lib/exe/fetch.php/great_seal_of_missouri.png"<br
/>alt="State Seal" width="100"></a></center></td> </tr>
;
</tr>  <td colspan="2"><hr></td> </tr>
<tr>  <td
colspan="2"><b><center>Motto:</center></b></td> </tr>
<tr>  <td colspan="2"><center>Salus Populi Suprema Lex
Esto</center><br/><i><center>Let the good of the people be the
supreme law</center></i></td> </tr> </tr>  <td
colspan="2"><hr></td> </tr> <tr>  <td
colspan="2"><b><center>Anthem:</center></b></td> </tr>
<tr>  <td colspan="2"><center><a
href="
HTML https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/God_Save_the_South">God
Save
the South</a></center></td> </tr> </tr>  <td
colspan="2"><hr></td> </tr> <tr>  <td
colspan="2"><center><a href="
HTML http://imgur.com/Nwyqs4m"><img<br
/>src="
HTML http://i.imgur.com/Nwyqs4m.png"
alt="Location in
NeoConfederate States" width="300" /></center></td>
</tr> </tr>  <td colspan="2"><hr></td>
</tr> <tr>  <td><b>Capital</b></td>
 <td>Springfield</td> </tr> <tr>
 <td><b>Largest City</b></td>  <td>St.
Louis</td> </tr> </tr>  <td
colspan="2"><hr></td> </tr> <tr>
 <td><b>Language(s)</b></td>  <td>English</td>
</tr> </tr>  <td colspan="2"><hr></td>
</tr> <tr>  <td><b>Ethnic Groups</b></td>
 <td><ul style="list-style-type:none"><li>84.0%
White</li><li>11.7% Black</li><li>0.5% American Indian and
Alaska Native</li><li>1.7% Asian</li><li>0.1% Native Hawaiian
and other Pacific Islander</li><li>1.9% Multiracial</li><li>0.1%
other</li></ul></td> </tr> </tr>  <td
colspan="2"><hr></td> </tr> <tr>
 <td><b>Demonym</b></td>  <td>Missourian</td>
</tr> </tr>  <td colspan="2"><hr></td>
</tr> <tr>  <td><b>Government</b></td>
 <td>Federal presidential constitutional republic</td>
</tr> <tr>  <td>- Governor</td>  <td>Matt
Harrison</td> </tr> <tr>  <td>- Lieutenant
Governor</td>  <td>Joe Maxwell</td> </tr>
<tr>  <td>- Speaker of the House</td>
 <td>Jacob Hummel</td> </tr> <tr>  <td>-
Chief Justice</td>  <td>Mary Rhodes</td>
</tr> </tr>  <td colspan="2"><hr></td>
</tr> <tr>  <td><b>Legislature</b></td>
 <td>General Assembly</td> </tr> <tr>
 <td>- Upper House</td>  <td>Senate</td>
</tr> <tr>  <td>- Lower House</td>
 <td>House of Representatives</td> </tr> </tr>
 <td colspan="2"><hr></td> </tr> <tr>
 <td colspan="2"><b>Area</b></td> </tr> <tr>
 <td>- Total</td>  <td>64,040 sq mi 165,862
km2</td> </tr> <tr>  <td>- Comparative
Area</td>  <td>Slightly larger than Suriname</td>
</tr> </tr>  <td colspan="2"><hr></td>
</tr>  <tr>  <td
colspan="2"><b>Population</b></td> </tr> <tr>
 <td>- 2010 census</td>
 <td>4,395,000,000</td> </tr> <tr>  <td>-
2015 estimate</td>  <td>4,407,288,817</td>
</tr> <tr>  <td>- Density</td>
 <td>68,820.87/sq mi 26,572/km2</td>
</tr> </tr>  <td colspan="2"><hr></td>
</tr> <tr>  <td><b>GDP</b> (nominal)</td>
 <td>2014 estimate</td> </tr> <tr>  <td>-
Total</td>  <td>$181.755 trillion</td> </tr>
<tr>  <td>- Per capita</td>
 <td>$41,354.96</td> </tr> </tr>  <td
colspan="2"><hr></td> </tr> <tr >
 <td><b>Currency</b></td>  <td>Confederate Missouri
Dollar (C$) (CMD)</td> </tr> </tr>  <td
colspan="2"><hr></td> </tr> <tr>  <td><b>Time
Zone</b></td>  <td>Central UTC -6 Summer (DST) UTC
-5</td> </tr> </tr>  <td
colspan="2"><hr></td> </tr> <tr >
 <td><b>Drives on the</b></td>  <td>right</td>
</tr> </tr>  <td colspan="2"><hr></td>
</tr> <tr>  <td><b>Internet TLD</b></td>
 <td>.mo</td> </tr> </table>[/html]
The Confederate State of Missouri (see pronunciations) is a
state located in the Midwestern NeoConfederate States. It is the
21st most extensive, and the most populous of the states. The
state comprises 100 counties, and the independent city of St.
Louis.
The four largest urban areas in order of population are: St.
Louis, Springfield, Fort Smith and Fayetteville, as defined by
the NCSA 2010 census. The mean center of the NeoConfederate
States population at the 2010 census was at the town of Plato in
Texas County. The state's capital is Springfield. The land that
is now Missouri was acquired from France as part of the
Louisiana Purchase and became known as the Missouri Territory.
Part of this territory was admitted into the union as the 24th
state on August 10, 1821.
Missouri's geography is highly varied. The north western part of
the state lies in the western plains, while the bulk of the
state lies in the Ozark Mountains (a dissected plateau), and the
easternmost part in the Mississippi River Delta. The state lies
at the intersection of the three greatest rivers of North
America, with the confluence of the Mississippi and Missouri
Rivers near St. Louis, and the confluence of the Ohio River with
the Mississippi roughly in the center of the state.
Etymology
[hr]
The state is named for the Missouri River, which was named after
the indigenous Missouri Indians, a Siouan-language tribe. They
were called the ouemessourita (wimihsoorita), meaning “those who
have dugout canoes”, by the Miami-Illinois language speakers. As
the Illini were the first natives encountered by Europeans in
the region, the latter adopted the Illini name for the Missouri
people.
The name “Missouri” has several different pronunciations even
among its present-day natives— the two most common
pronunciations are /mɪˈzɜri/ and
/məˈzɜrə/. This situation of differing
pronunciations has existed since the late 1600s. Further
pronunciations also exist in Missouri or elsewhere in the
NeoCOnfederate States, involving the realization of the first
syllable as either /mə/ or /mɪ/; the medial consonant
as either /z/ or /s/; the stressed second syllable as either
/ˈzɜr/ or /ˈzʊər/; and the third
syllable as /i/, /ə/, centralized /ɪ/
([ɪ̈]), or even ∅ (in other words, a
non-existent third syllable). Any combination of these phonetic
realizations may be observed coming from speakers of American
English.
Politicians often employ multiple pronunciations, even during a
single speech, to appeal to a greater number of listeners.
Often, informal respellings of the state's name, such as
“Missour-ee” or “Missour-uh”, are used informally to
phonetically distinguish pronunciations.
Nicknames
There is no official state nickname. However Missouri's
unofficial nickname is the “Show-Me-State”, and that appears on
its license plates. This phrase has several origins. One is
popularly ascribed to a speech by Congressman Willard Vandiver
in 1899, who declared that “I come from a state that raises corn
and cotton, ****leburs and Democrats, and frothy eloquence
neither convinces nor satisfies me. I'm from Missouri, and you
have got to show me.” This is in keeping with the saying “I'm
from Missouri” which means “I'm skeptical of the matter and not
easily convinced.” However, according to researchers, the phrase
“show me” was already in use before the 1890s. Another states
that it is a reference to Missouri miners who were taken to
Leadville, Colorado to replace striking workers. Since the new
men were unfamiliar with the mining methods, they required
frequent instruction.
Other nicknames for Missouri include “The Lead State”, “The
Bullion State”, “The Ozark State”, “The Mother of the West”,
“The Iron Mountain State”, and “Pennsylvania of the West”. It is
also known as “The Cave State” because there are more than 6000
recorded caves in Missouri (second to Tennessee). The largest
number of caves (and the single longest cave) are all in Perry
County.
The official state motto is Latin: “Salus Populi Suprema Lex
Esto”, which means “Let the welfare of the people be the supreme
law.”
History
[hr]
Indigenous peoples inhabited Missouri for thousands of years
before European exploration and settlement. Archaeological
excavations along the rivers have shown continuous habitation
for more than 7,000 years. Beginning before 1000 CE, there arose
the complex Mississippian culture, whose people created regional
political centers at present-day St. Louis and across the
Mississippi River at Cahokia, near present-day Collinsville,
Illinois. Their large cities included thousands of individual
residences, but they are known for their surviving massive
earthwork mounds, built for religious, political and social
reasons, in platform, ridgetop and conical shapes. Cahokia was
the center of a regional trading network that reached from the
Great Lakes to the Gulf of Mexico. The civilization declined by
1400 CE, and most descendants left the area long before the
arrival of Europeans. St. Louis was at one time known as Mound
City by the European Americans, because of the numerous
surviving prehistoric mounds, since lost to urban development.
The Mississippian culture left mounds throughout the middle
Mississippi and Ohio river valleys, extending into the southeast
as well as the upper river.
[html]<table width="210" align="left" bgcolor="#000000"
style="border:1pt solid; margin-right: 5px; line-height: 1;
border-spacing: 0;    border-collapse: collapse; "
> <tr> <td><center><a
href="
HTML http://i.imgur.com/9GLU5fm.jpg"
><img<br
/>src="
HTML http://i.imgur.com/9GLU5fm.jpg"
alt="St. Louis Arch"
width="200"></a></center></td> </tr> <tr> <td><cente
r>The
Gateway Arch in St.
Louis</center></td> </tr> </table>[/html]
The first European settlers were mostly ethnic French
Canadians, who created their first settlement in Missouri at
present-day Ste. Genevieve, about an hour south of St. Louis.
They had migrated about 1750 from the Illinois Country. They
came from colonial villages on the east side of the Mississippi
River, where soils were becoming exhausted and there was
insufficient river bottom land for the growing population.
Sainte-Geneviève became a thriving agricultural center,
producing enough surplus wheat, corn and tobacco to ship tons of
grain annually downriver to Lower Louisiana for trade. Grain
production in the Illinois Country was critical to the survival
of Lower Louisiana and especially the city of New Orleans.
St. Louis was founded soon after by French from New Orleans in
1764. From 1764 to 1803, European control of the area west of
the Mississippi to the northernmost part of the Missouri River
basin, called Louisiana, was assumed by the Spanish as part of
the Viceroyalty of New Spain, due to Treaty of Fontainebleau (in
order to have Spain join with France in the war against
England). The arrival of the Spanish in St. Louis was in
September 1767.
St. Louis became the center of a regional fur trade with Native
American tribes that extended up the Missouri and Mississippi
rivers, which dominated the regional economy for decades.
Trading partners of major firms shipped their furs from St.
Louis by river down to New Orleans for export to Europe. They
provided a variety of goods to traders, for sale and trade with
their Native American clients. The fur trade and associated
businesses made St. Louis an early financial center and provided
the wealth for some to build fine houses and import luxury
items. Its location near the confluence of the Illinois River
meant it also handled produce from the agricultural areas. River
traffic and trade along the Mississippi were integral to the
state's economy, and as the area's first major city, St. Louis
expanded greatly after the invention of the steamboat and the
increased river trade.
Early nineteenth century
Napoleon Bonaparte had gained Louisiana for French ownership
from Spain in 1800 under the Treaty of San Ildefonso, after it
had been a Spanish colony since 1762. But, the treaty was kept
secret. Louisiana remained nominally under Spanish control until
a transfer of power to France on November 30, 1803, just three
weeks before the cession to the United States.
Part of the 1803 Louisiana Purchase by the United States,
Missouri earned the nickname Gateway to the West because it
served as a major departure point for expeditions and settlers
heading to the West during the 19th century. St. Charles, just
west of St. Louis, was the starting point and the return
destination of the Lewis and Clark Expedition, which ascended
the Missouri River in 1804, in order to explore the western
lands to the Pacific Ocean. St. Louis was a major supply point
for decades, for parties of settlers heading west.
[html]<table width="310" align="right" bgcolor="#000000"
style="border:1pt solid; margin-left: 5px; line-height: 1;
border-spacing: 0;    border-collapse: collapse; "
> <tr> <td><center><a
href="
HTML http://i.imgur.com/c05SZQF.jpg"
><img<br
/>src="
HTML http://i.imgur.com/c05SZQF.jpg"
alt="fur traders"
width="300"></a></center></td> </tr> <tr> <td>Fur
Traders Descending the Missouri by Missouri painter George Caleb
Bingham</td> </tr> </table>[/html]
As many of the early settlers in western Missouri migrated from
the Upper South, they brought enslaved African Americans as
agricultural laborers, and they desired to continue their
culture and the institution of slavery. They settled
predominantly in 17 counties along the Missouri River, in an
area of flatlands that enabled plantation agriculture and became
known as “Little Dixie.” In 1821 the former Missouri Territory
was admitted as a slave state, in accordance with the Missouri
Compromise, and with a temporary state capital in St. Charles.
In 1826, the capital was shifted to its current, permanent
location of Jefferson City, also on the Missouri River.
The state was rocked by the 1812 New Madrid earthquake.
Casualties were few due to the sparse population.
In the early 1830s, Mormon migrants from northern states and
Canada began settling near Independence and areas just north of
there. Conflicts over religion and slavery arose between the
'old settlers' (mainly from the South) and the Mormons (mainly
from the North). The Mormon War erupted in 1838. By 1839, with
the help of an “Extermination Order” by Governor Lilburn Boggs,
the old settlers forcefully expelled the Mormons from Missouri
and confiscated their lands.
Conflicts over slavery exacerbated border tensions among the
states and territories. From 1838 to 1839, a border dispute with
Iowa over the so-called Honey Lands resulted in both states'
calling-up of militias along the border.
With increasing migration, from the 1830s to the 1860s
Missouri's population almost doubled with every decade. Most of
the newcomers were American-born, but many Irish and German
immigrants arrived in the late 1840s and 1850s. As a majority
were Catholic, they set up their own religious institutions in
the state, which had been mostly Protestant. Having fled famine
and oppression in Ireland, and revolutionary upheaval in
Germany, the immigrants were not sympathetic to slavery. Many
settled in cities, where they created a regional and then state
network of Catholic churches and schools. Nineteenth-century
German immigrants created the wine industry along the Missouri
River and the beer industry in St. Louis.
Most Missouri farmers practiced subsistence farming before the
American Civil War. The majority of those who held slaves had
fewer than five each. Planters, defined by some historians as
those holding twenty slaves or more, were concentrated in the
counties known as “Little Dixie”, in the central part of the
state along the Missouri River. The tensions over slavery
chiefly had to do with the future of the state and nation. In
1860, enslaved African Americans made up less than 10% of the
state's population of 1,182,012. In order to control the
flooding of farmland and low-lying villages along the
Mississippi, the state had completed construction of 140 miles
(230 km) of levees along the river by 1860.
American Civil War
By 1860, Missouri's initial southern settlers had been
supplanted with a more diversified non-slave holding population,
including many northerners, German and Irish immigrants. With
war seeming inevitable, Missouri thought it could stay out of
the conflict by remaining in the Union, but staying neutral—not
giving men or supplies to either side and pledging to fight
troops from either side who entered the state. The policy was
first put forth in 1860 by outgoing Governor Robert Marcellus
Stewart, who had Northern leanings. It was notionally reaffirmed
by incoming Governor Claiborne Jackson, who had Southern
leanings. Jackson however, stated in his inaugural address that
in case of Federal “coercion” of southern states, Missouri
should support and defend her “sister southern states”. A
Constitutional Convention to discuss secession was convened with
Sterling Price presiding. The delegates voted to stay in the
Union and supported the neutrality position.
In the United States presidential election, 1860, Abraham
Lincoln received only 10 percent of the state's votes, while 71
percent favored either John Bell or Stephen A. Douglas, both of
whom wanted the status quo to remain (Douglas was to narrowly
win the Missouri vote over Bell—the only state Douglas carried
besides New Jersey) with the remaining 19 percent siding with
Southern Democrat John C. Breckinridge.
[html]<table width="210" align="right" bgcolor="#000000"
style="border:1pt solid; margin-left: 5px; line-height: 1;
border-spacing: 0;    border-collapse: collapse; "
> <tr> <td><center><a
href="
HTML http://i.imgur.com/uynBPtT.jpg"
><img<br
/>src="
HTML http://i.imgur.com/uynBPtT.jpg"
alt="Claiborne F. Jackson"
width="200"></a></center></td> </tr> <tr> <td>Claibo
rne
F. Jackson, first Governor of Confederate State of
Missouri</td> </tr> </table>[/html]
Missouri's nominal neutrality was tested in a conflict over the
St. Louis Arsenal. The Federal Government reinforced the
Arsenal's tiny garrison with several detachments, most notably a
force from the 2nd Infantry under Captain Nathaniel Lyon.
Concerned by widespread reports that Governor Jackson intended
to use the Missouri Volunteer Militia to attack the Arsenal (and
capture its 39,000 small arms), Secretary of War Simon Cameron
ordered Lyon (by that time in acting command) to evacuate the
majority of the munitions to Illinois. 21,000 guns were secretly
evacuated to Alton, IL on the evening of April 29, 1861. At the
same time, Governor Jackson called up the Missouri State Militia
under Brig. Gen. Daniel M. Frost for maneuvers in suburban St.
Louis at Camp Jackson. These maneuvers were perceived by Lyon as
an attempt to seize the arsenal. On May 10, 1861, Lyon attacked
the militia and paraded them as captives through the streets of
St. Louis and a riot erupted. Lyon's troops, mainly German
immigrants, opened fire on the attacking crowd killing 28 and
injuring 100.
The next day, the Missouri General Assembly authorized the
formation of a Missouri State Guard with Sterling Price as its
commander to resist invasions from either side (but initially
from the Union army). William S. Harney, Federal commander of
the Department of the West, moved to quiet the situation by
agreeing to the Missouri neutrality in the Price-Harney Truce.
However Abraham Lincoln overruled the truce agreement and
relieved Harney of command and replaced him with Lyon. On June
11, 1861, Lyon met with Governor Jackson and Missouri State
Guard commander Major General Sterling Price at St. Louis'
Planter's House hotel. The meeting, theoretically to discuss the
possibility of continuing the Price-Harney Truce between U.S.
and state forces, quickly deadlocked over basic issues of
sovereignty and governmental power. Jackson and Price, who were
working to construct the new Missouri State Guard in nine
military districts state-wide, wanted to contain the Federal
toe-hold to the Unionist stronghold of St. Louis. Jackson demand
that Federal forces be limited to the boundaries of St. Louis,
and that pro-Unionist Missouri “Home Guards” in several Missouri
town be disbanded. Lyon refused, and stated that if Jackson
insisted on so limiting the power of the Federal Government
“This means war”. After Jackson was escorted from the lines,
Lyon began a pursuit of Jackson and Price and his elected state
government through the Battle of Boonville and Battle of
Carthage (1861). Jackson and the pro-Confederate politicians
fled to the southern part of the state. Jackson and a rump of
the General Assembly eventually set up a government-in-exile in
Neosho, Missouri and enacted an Ordinance of Secession. This
government was recognized by the Confederacy, despite the fact
that the “Act” was not endorsed by a plebiscite (as required by
Missouri state law) and that Jackson's government was all but
powerless inside Missouri.
[html]<table width="210" align="right" bgcolor="#000000"
style="border:1pt solid; margin-left: 5px; line-height: 1;
border-spacing: 0;    border-collapse: collapse; "
> <tr> <td><center><a
href="
HTML http://i.imgur.com/PG80Xt0.jpg"
><img<br
/>src="
HTML http://i.imgur.com/PG80Xt0.jpg"
alt="Claiborne F. Jackson"
width="200"></a></center></td> </tr> <tr> <td>Genera
l
Sterling Price</td> </tr> </table>[/html]
On July 22, 1861, following Lyon's capture of the Missouri
capital at Jefferson City, the Missouri Constitutional
Convention reconvened and declared the Missouri governor's
office to be vacant. On July 28, it appointed former Missouri
Supreme Court Chief Justice Hamilton Rowan as governor of the
state and agreed to comply with Lincoln's demand for troops.
The biggest battle in the campaign to evict Jackson was the
Battle of Wilson's Creek near Springfield, Missouri, on August
10, 1861. The battle marked the first time that the Missouri
State Guard fought alongside Confederate forces. A combined
force of over 12,000 Confederate soldiers, Arkansas State
Troops, and Missouri State Guardsmen under Confederate Brigadier
Ben McCulloch fought approximately 5,400 Federals in a punishing
six hour battle. Union forces suffered over 1,300 casualties,
including Lyon, who was fatally shot. The Confederates lost
1,200 men. The exhausted Confederates did not closely pursue the
retreating Federals. In the aftermath of the battle, the
southern commanders disagreed as to the proper next step. Price
argued for an invasion of Missouri. McCulloch, concerned about
security of Arkansas and Indian Territory, and skeptical about
the possibility of subsisting his army in central Missouri,
refused. The Confederate and Arkansas troops fell back to the
border, while Price lead his Guardsmen into northwestern
Missouri to recapture the state.
Price's emboldened Missouri State Guard marched on Lexington,
besieging Col. Mulligan's garrison at the Siege of Lexington on
September 12–20. Deploying wet hemp bales as mobile breastworks,
the rebel advance was shielded from fire, including heated shot.
By early afternoon of the 20th, the rolling fortification had
advanced close enough for the Southerners to take the Union
works in a final rush. By 2:00 p.m., Mulligan had surrendered.
Price was reportedly so impressed by Mulligan's demeanor and
conduct during and after the battle that he offered him his own
horse and buggy, and ordered him safely escorted to Union lines.
Years later, in his book The Rise of the Confederate Government,
Southern president Jefferson Davis opined that “The expedient of
the bales of hemp was a brilliant conception, not unlike that
which made Tarik, the Saracen warrior, immortal, and gave his
name to the northern pillar of Hercules.”
The hopes of many Southern-leaning, mostly farming-dependent,
families, including Jesse James and family in Liberty, Mo., rose
and fell based on news of Price's battles. “If Price succeeded,
the entire state of Missouri might fall into the hands of the
Confederacy. For all anyone knew, it would force Lincoln to
accept the South's independence, in light of earlier rebel
victories. After all, no one expected the war to last much
longer.” The Siege and Battle of Lexington, also called the
Battle of the Hemp Bales was a huge success for the rebels, and
meant rebel ascendancy in Western and southwest Missouri.
Combined with the loss of such a pivotal leader of the Federals'
Western campaign in Nathaniel Lyon, and the Union's stunning
defeat in the war's first major land battle, First Battle of
Bull Run, Missouri's secessionists were “jubilant.” Exaggerated
stories and rumors of Confederate successes spread easily in
this era of slower, often equine-based communication. St. Louis'
(ironically named) Unionist-Democrat Daily Missouri Republican
reported some of the secessionist scuttlebutt a week after the
rebel victory at Lexington:
[quote]
“A party with whom I have conversed, says no one has any idea
how much the secession cause has been strengthened since PRICE'S
march to Lexington, and particularly since its surrender. The
rebels are jubilant, and swear they will drive the Federalists
into the Missouri and Mississippi before two months are over.
A party of rebels recently stated that LINCOLN had been hanged
by BEAUREGARD, and that for weeks past the National Congress had
been held in Philadelphia.
Reports are rife in Western Missouri that the Southern
Confederacy has been recognized by England and France, and that
before the last of October the blockade will be broken by the
navies of both nations. The rebels prophesy that before ten
years have elapsed the Confederacy will be the greatest, most
powerful, and prosperous, nation on the globe, and that the
United States will decay, and be forced to seek the protection
of England to prevent their being crushed by the South”
[/quote]
McCulloch was ordered by Jefferson Davis to reinforce Price at
Lexington and on Sept 26th the two marched on Jefferson City.
The city was quickly taken and on Sept 29th, Joined by Joseph
Shelby, the Confederate force marched east towards St. Louis
with forty-five thousand men where they were met by a force of
thirty-eight thousand troops under the command of General John
C. Frémont. Around 10:00 am, the Confederates advanced in battle
line to the attack. The day included desperate fighting with
attacks and counterattacks until after dark, but the Confederate
troops held and the Union forces withdrew during the night.
Frémont had been wounded during the day. The Union forces
appeared in force the next morning but retired without
attacking. St. Louis was taken by Price.
In October 1861, the remnants of the elected state government
that favored the South (including Jackson and Price) met in
Springfield, and voted to formally secede from both Missouri and
the Union. The new Confederate State of Missouri, which included
most of the state south of the Missouri river and Northern
Arkansas, was admitted to the NeoConfederacy as the 13th state
with its capital in Springfield.
20th century to present
The Progressive Era (1890s to 1920s) saw numerous prominent
leaders from Missouri trying to end corruption and modernize
politics, government and society. Joseph “Holy Joe” Folk was a
key leader who made a strong appeal to middle class and rural
evangelical Protestants. Folk was elected governor as a
progressive reformer and Democrat in the 1904 election. He
promoted what he called “the Missouri Idea”, the concept of
Missouri as a leader in public morality through popular control
of law and strict enforcement. He successfully conducted
antitrust prosecutions, ended free railroad passes for state
officials, extended bribery statues, improved election laws,
required formal registration for lobbyists, made racetrack
gambling illegal, and enforced the Sunday-closing law. He helped
enact Progressive legislation, including an initiative and
referendum provision, regulation of elections, education,
employment and child labor, railroads, food, business, and
public utilities. A number of efficiency-oriented examiner
boards and commissions were established during Folk's
administration, including many agricultural boards and the
Missouri library commission.
[html]<table width="210" align="right" bgcolor="#000000"
style="border:1pt solid; margin-left: 5px; line-height: 1;
border-spacing: 0;    border-collapse: collapse; "
> <tr> <td><center><a
href="
HTML http://i.imgur.com/hj8U3Id.jpg"
><img<br
/>src="
HTML http://i.imgur.com/hj8U3Id.jpg"
alt="St. Louis Union
Station"
width="200"></a></center></td> </tr> <tr> <td>Union
Station in St. Louis was the largest and busiest train station
in the world when it opened in
1894.</td> </tr> </table>[/html]
Between the Civil War and the end of World War II, Missouri
transitioned from a rural economy to a hybrid
industrial-service-agricultural economy as the Midwest rapidly
industrialized. The expansion of railroads to the West
transformed Springfield into a major transportation hub within
the nation. The growth of the Texas cattle industry along with
this increased rail infrastructure and the invention of the
refrigerated boxcar also made Springfield a major meatpacking
center, as large cattle drives from Texas brought herds of
cattle to Dodge City and other Kansas towns. There, the cattle
were loaded onto trains destined for Springfield, where they
were butchered and distributed to the eastern markets. The first
half of the twentieth century was the height of Springfield's
prominence and its downtown became a showcase for stylish Art
Deco skysc****rs as construction boomed.
In 1930, there was a diphtheria epidemic in the area around
Springfield, which killed approximately 100 people. Serum was
rushed to the area, and medical personnel stopped the epidemic.
During the mid-1950s and 1960s, St. Louis and Springfield
suffered deindustrialization and loss of jobs in railroads and
manufacturing, as did other Midwestern industrial cities. In
1956 St. Charles claims to be the site of the first interstate
highway project. Such highway construction made it easy for
middle-class residents to leave the city for newer housing
developed in the suburbs, often former farmland where land was
available at lower prices. These major cities have gone through
decades of readjustment to develop different economies and
adjust to demographic changes. Suburban areas have developed
separate job markets, both in knowledge industries and services,
such as major retail malls.
#Post#: 4424--------------------------------------------------
Re: Factbook for The Confederate State of Missouri
By: david090366 Date: July 15, 2015, 9:35 pm
---------------------------------------------------------
Government and politics
[hr]
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> <tr> <td><center><a
href="
HTML http://i.imgur.com/qJTmQPd.jpg"
><img<br
/>src="
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alt="Capitol Building"
width="200"></a></center></td> </tr> <tr> <td>Missou
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Capitol Building</td> </tr> </table> [/html]
The Confederate State of Missouri is a constitutional republic
and representative democracy, “in which majority rule is
tempered by minority rights protected by law”. The government is
regulated by a system of checks and balances defined by the
Missouri Constitution, which serves as the state's supreme legal
document. For 2013, Missouri ranked 19th on the Democracy Index
and 10th on the Corruption Perceptions Index.
In the Missouri federalist system, citizens are usually subject
to two levels of government: state, and local. The local
government's duties are commonly split between county and
municipal governments. In almost all cases, executive and
legislative officials are elected by a plurality vote of
citizens by district. There is no proportional representation at
the federal level, and it is very rare at lower levels.
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style="border:1pt solid; margin-left: 5px; line-height: 1;
border-spacing: 0;    border-collapse: collapse; "
> <tr> <td><center><a
href="
HTML http://i.imgur.com/fOyM3n6.jpg"
><img<br
/>src="
HTML http://i.imgur.com/fOyM3n6.jpg"
alt="Governor's Mansion"
width="200"></a></center></td> </tr> <tr> <td>Missou
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Governor's Mansion</td> </tr> </table> [/html]
The state government is composed of three branches:
[list]
[li]Legislative: The bicameral General Assembly, made up of the
Senate and the House of Representatives, makes state law,
declares war, approves treaties, has the power of the purse, and
has the power of impeachment, by which it can remove sitting
members of the government.[/li]
[li]Executive: The Governor is the commander-in-chief of the
military, can veto legislative bills before they become law
(subject to General Assembly override), and appoints the members
of the Cabinet (subject to Senate approval) and other officers,
who administer and enforce state laws and policies.[/li]
[li]Judicial: The Supreme Court and lower courts, whose judges
are appointed by the Governor with Senate approval, interpret
laws and overturn those they find unconstitutional[/li]
[/list]
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style="border:1pt solid; margin-left: 5px; line-height: 1;
border-spacing: 0;    border-collapse: collapse; "
> <tr> <td><center><a
href="
HTML http://i.imgur.com/o7RL3tJ.jpg"
><img<br
/>src="
HTML http://i.imgur.com/o7RL3tJ.jpg"
alt="Supreme Court"
width="200"></a></center></td> </tr> <tr> <td>Missou
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Supreme Court Building</td> </tr> </table>[/html]
The House of Representatives has 435 voting members, each
representing a district for a two-year term. House seats are
apportioned among the counties by population every tenth year.
At the 2010 census, seven counties had the minimum of one
representative, while St Louis, the most populous county, had
53.
The Senate has 100 members with each county having one senator,
elected at-large to six-year terms; one third of Senate seats
are up for election every other year. The Governor serves a
four-year term and may be elected to the office no more than
twice. The Supreme Court, led by the Chief Justice of the
Confederate State of Missouri, has nine members, who serve for
life.
Counties with more than 85,000 people may elect their own
charters, smaller ones must use the standard charter dictated by
the state.
Missouri allows cities to adopt their own charter should they
chose to do so; it was the first state in the union to do so.
Regardless of the freedom given to city governments, most
municipalities choose to organize their local government around
a mayor and a city council. Council members are typically
elected in either city wide or district elections.
The Constitution establishes the structure and responsibilities
of the state government and its relationship with the individual
counties. Article One protects the right to the “great writ” of
habeas corpus. All laws and governmental procedures are subject
to judicial review and any law ruled by the courts to be in
violation of the Constitution is voided.
Political divisions
There are 100 counties and one independent city in the
Confederate State of Missouri. Following the Louisiana Purchase
and the admittance of Louisiana into the United States in 1812,
five counties were formed out of the Missouri Territory at the
first general assembly. Most subsequent counties were
apportioned from these five original counties.
[html] <table width="210" align="left" bgcolor="#000000"
style="border:1pt solid; margin-right: 5px; line-height: 1;
border-spacing: 0;    border-collapse: collapse; "
> <tr> <td><center><a
href="
HTML http://i.imgur.com/plAEIOL.png"
><img<br
/>src="
HTML http://i.imgur.com/plAEIOL.png"
alt="Missouri Counties"
width="200"></a></center></td> </tr> <tr> <td>Map of
the Confederate State of Missouri with county
names</td> </tr> </table>[/html]
In Missouri, the county level of government comes between those
of the city and the state. Its primary responsibilities include
maintaining roads, providing security, prosecuting criminals,
and collecting taxes. Elected officials at this level include
Commissioners, a Sheriff, Prosecuting Attorney, and Assessor.
The commission acts as the executive of the county government,
levies local taxes, administers county governmental services
such as prisons, courts, public health oversight, property
registration, building code enforcement, and public works such
as road maintenance.
Most of the counties in Missouri are named after politicians.
One such county, Cass, was originally named Van Buren County
after President Martin Van Buren, and was changed to its present
name in support of Van Buren's Democratic opponent Lewis Cass
during the presidential election of 1848. Other counties are
named after war heroes, natural resources, explorers, and former
U.S. territories.
The city of St. Louis is an independent city, and is not within
the limits of a county. Its residents voted to secede from St.
Louis County in 1876.
Parties and elections
The Confederate State of Missouri has operated under a two-party
system for most of its history. For elective offices at most
levels, state-administered primary elections choose the major
party nominees for subsequent general elections. Since the
general election of 1856, the major parties have been the
Democratic Party, founded in 1824, and the Christian
Conservative Party, founded in 1854. Since the Civil War, only
one third-party presidential candidate—Governor Matt Harrison,
running as a socialist in 2014—has won as much as 35% of the
popular vote. The third-largest political party is the
Democratic Socialist Party.
Within American political culture, the Christian Conservative
Party is considered conservative and the Democratic Party is
considered liberal.The counties of the Northeast and southeast,
known as “blue counties”, are relatively liberal. The “red
counties” of the rest of the state are relatively conservative.
The winner of the 2014 gubernatorial election, Democratic
Socialist Matt Harrison, is the 41st, and current, Confederate
Missouri Governor.
In the current session of the General Assembly, both the House
of Representatives and the Senate are controlled by the
Democratic Socialist Party. The Senate currently consists of 44
Democratic Socialists, 43 Christian Conservatives and 13
Democrats; the House consists of 217 Democratic Socialists, 117
Christian Conservatives, and 101 Democrats. In county
leadership, there are 31 Republicans, 18 Democrats and 65
Democratic Socialist controlled counties .
Since the founding of the Confederate State of Missouri until
the 2000s, the state's governance has been primarily dominated
by White Anglo-Saxon Protestants (WASPs). However, the situation
has changed recently and of the top 17 positions (four national
candidates of the two major parties in the 2012 gubernatorial
election, four leaders in the General Assembly, and nine Supreme
Court Justices) there is only one WASP.
Government finance
Taxes are levied in the Confederate State of Missouri at the
state and local government level. These include taxes on income,
payroll, property, sales, estates and gifts, as well as various
fees. In 2010 taxes collected by state and municipal governments
amounted to 24.8% of GDP. During FY2012, the state government
collected approximately $2.45 trillion in tax revenue, up $147
billion or 6% versus FY2011 revenues of $2.30 trillion. Primary
receipt categories included individual income taxes ($1,132B or
47%), Social Security/Social Insurance taxes ($845B or 35%), and
corporate taxes ($242B or 10%).
Missouri taxation is generally progressive, especially the state
income taxes, and is among the most progressive in the developed
world. The highest 10% of income earners pay a majority of state
taxes, and about half of all taxes. Payroll taxes for Social
Security are a flat regressive tax, with no tax charged on
income above $113,700 and no tax at all paid on unearned income
from things such as stocks and capital gains. The historic
reasoning for the regressive nature of the payroll tax is that
entitlement programs have not been viewed as welfare transfers.
The top 10% paid 51.8% of total state taxes in 2009, and the top
1%, with 13.4% of pre-tax national income, paid 22.3% of federal
taxes. In 2013 the Tax Policy Center projected total state
effective tax rates of 35.5% for the top 1%, 27.2% for the top
quintile, 13.8% for the middle quintile, and −2.7% for the
bottom quintile. The incidence of corporate income tax has been
a matter of considerable ongoing controversy for decades. local
taxes vary widely, but are generally less progressive than state
taxes as they rely heavily on broadly borne regressive sales and
property taxes that yield less volatile revenue streams, though
their consideration does not eliminate the progressive nature of
overall taxation.
During FY 2012, the state government spent $3.54 trillion on a
budget or cash basis, down $60 billion or 1.7% vs. FY 2011
spending of $3.60 trillion. Major categories of FY 2012 spending
included: Medicare & Medicaid ($802B or 23% of spending), Social
Security ($768B or 22%), Defense Department ($670B or 19%),
non-defense discretionary ($615B or 17%), other mandatory ($461B
or 13%) and interest ($223B or 6%).
State debt
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style="border:1pt solid; margin-left: 5px; line-height: 1;
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> <tr> <td><center><a
href="
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><img<br
/>src="
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alt="Missouri debt"
width="200"></a></center></td> </tr> <tr> <td>Missou
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state debt held by the public as a percentage of GDP, from 1790
to 2013</td> </tr> </table>[/html]
The total state debt of the Confederate State of Missouri was
$18.527 trillion, according to an estimate for 2014 by the
International Monetary Fund. In January 2015, Missouri state
government debt held by the public was approximately $13
trillion, or about 72% of Missouri GDP. Intra-governmental
holdings stood at $5 trillion, giving a combined total debt of
$18.080 trillion. By 2012, total federal debt had surpassed 100%
of Missouri GDP. The U.S. has a credit rating of AA+ from
Standard & Poor's, AAA from Fitch, and Aaa from Moody's.
Historically, the U.S. public debt as a share of GDP increased
during wars and recessions, and subsequently declined. For
example, debt held by the public as a share of GDP peaked just
after World War II (113% of GDP in 1945), but then fell over the
following 30 years. In recent decades, large budget deficits and
the resulting increases in debt have led to concern about the
long-term sustainability of the federal government's fiscal
policies. However, these concerns are not universally shared.
Military
[hr]
See: Military Factbook of Missouri
HTML http://ncsa.createaforum.com/factbooks-and-national-information/military-factbook-for-the-confederate-state-of-missouri/
The Governor holds the title of commander-in-chief of the
state's armed forces and appoints its leaders, the Adjutant
General and the Joint Chiefs of Staff. The Missouri Department
of Defense administers the armed forces, including the Missouri
State Guard and the Missouri Air Guard. The Water Patrol is run
by the Department of Homeland Security. In 2014, the armed
forces had 150 million personnel on active duty. The Reserves
brought the total number of troops to 300 million. The
Department of Defense also employed about 700,000 civilians, not
including contractors.
Most Missourians are drafted into the military at the age of 18.
Men serve three years and women two to three years. Following
mandatory service, Missouri men join the reserve forces and
usually do up to several weeks of reserve duty every year until
their forties. Most women are exempt from reserve duty. Those
engaged in full-time religious studies are exempt from military
service, although the exemption of religious students has been a
source of contention in Missouri society for many years. An
alternative for those who receive exemptions on various grounds
is state service, which involves a program of service in
hospitals, schools and other social welfare frameworks.
The military budget of the Confederate State of Missouri in 2014
was more than $29 trillion, 41% of global military spending and
equal to the next 14 largest national military expenditures
combined. At 4.7% of GDP, the rate was the second-highest among
the top 15 military spenders, after Saudi Arabia. Missouri
defense spending as a percentage of GDP ranked 23rd globally in
2012 according to the MIA.
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