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       #Post#: 767--------------------------------------------------
       (AAN) Sodium chloride-high diet aggravates CNS autoimmunity...
       By: agate Date: May 4, 2015, 3:47 pm
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       They're talking about mice but it seems to be more bad news
       about table salt.
       Presented at the recent annual AAN conference in Washington, DC:
       [quote][S38.004] Sodium chloride-high diet promotes
       pro-inflammatory macrophage activation and aggravates central
       nervous system autoimmunity
       Luisa Klotz,1Stephanie Hucke,1Melanie Eschborn,1Engbers
       Annika,1Heinz Wiendl2
       1Münster, Germany, 2Muenster, Germany.
       BACKGROUND:
       It has long been debated whether environmental factors such as
       nutrition may have an influence on Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
       incidence and severity. Recently it was shown that a sodium
       chloride (NaCl)-rich diet influences T cell responses during
       autoimmunity of the central nervous system (CNS) in the animal
       model of MS, i.e. experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
       (EAE). As the influence of NaCl on macrophages is largely
       unclear, we wanted to evaluate the influence of NaCl on
       proinflammatory macrophage responses in the context of CNS
       autoimmunity.
       DESIGN/METHODS:
       Murine and human macrophage responses were investigated in vitro
       and in vivo under homeostatic conditions, upon stimulation as
       well as during MOG [myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein]-induced
       EAE. Furthermore, the impact of transferred NaCl-treated
       macrophages on EAE disease severity was assessed.
       RESULTS:
       Murine NaCl-treated macrophages exhibited a strong
       pro-inflammatory phenotype upon stimulation characterized by
       significantly higher production of TNFa and IL-12 and increased
       expression of immune-stimulatory molecules such as MHC-II and
       CD40. Mice receiving a NaCl-high diet showed significant
       aggravation in clinical EAE severity compared to mice receiving
       a normal diet accompanied by a strongly activated phenotype of
       CNS macrophages at the peak of EAE.
       Transfer of NaCl-conditioned macrophages into EAE-diseased
       animals resulted in a significant aggravation of disease
       severity when compared to transfer of untreated macrophages,
       thus underlining the pathophysiological relevance of NaCl for
       macrophage activation in the context of EAE.
       Importantly, also in human monocytes, NaCl induced increased
       production of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNFa and IL-12 as well
       as enhanced expression of the immunmodulatory surface markers
       HLA-DR, CD80, CD86 and CD40.
       CONCLUSIONS:
       NaCl-high diet promotes a pro-inflammatory phenotype in
       macrophages that aggravates CNS autoimmunity. Further studies
       are warranted to determine the relevance of increased dietary
       NaCl uptake in humans for MS disease incidence and disease
       severity.
       __________
       Category - MS and CNS Inflammatory Disease: Clinical Science
       Session: S38: Platform Session: Diet and Hormonal Factors in
       Multiple Sclerosis (1:00 PM-2:45 PM)
       Date/Time: Thursday, April 23, 2015 - 1:45 pm[/quote]
       The abstract can be seen here
  HTML http://www.abstracts2view.com/aan/view.php?nu=AAN15L1_S38.004.
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