DIR Return Create A Forum - Home
---------------------------------------------------------
Chemistry:The Central Science
HTML https://kolathechemist.createaforum.com
---------------------------------------------------------
*****************************************************
DIR Return to: Inorganic Chemistry
*****************************************************
#Post#: 822--------------------------------------------------
Rare Earth discussion
DIR By: hkar19
Date: October 5, 2012, 9:06 pm
---------------------------------------------------------
As defined by IUPAC, rare earth elements ("REEs") or rare earth
metals are a set of seventeen chemical elements in the periodic
table, specifically the fifteen lanthanides plus scandium and
yttrium.[2] Scandium and yttrium are considered rare earth
elements since they tend to occur in the same ore deposits as
the lanthanides and exhibit similar chemical properties.
Despite their name, rare earth elements (with the exception of
the radioactive promethium) are relatively plentiful in the
Earth's crust, with cerium being the 25th most abundant element
at 68 parts per million (similar to copper). However, because of
their geochemical properties, rare earth elements are typically
dispersed and not often found in concentrated and economically
exploitable forms. The few economically exploitable deposits are
known as rare earth minerals.[3] It was the very scarcity of
these minerals (previously called "earths") that led to the term
"rare earth". The first such mineral discovered was gadolinite,
a compound of cerium, yttrium, iron, silicon and other elements.
This mineral was extracted from a mine in the village of Ytterby
in Sweden; several of the rare earth elements bear names derived
from this location.
----Wikipedia
i think we should discuss about this materials guys. in my major
i havent read about this element but too few information.
these elements have so much use and more powerful than other
metals.
here is a great link we should start:
HTML http://www.reehandbook.com
How about this one?:
57-Lanthanum
;D ;D
#Post#: 825--------------------------------------------------
Re: Rare Earth discussion
DIR By: Shiva
Date: October 6, 2012, 6:39 am
---------------------------------------------------------
Yes, I agree with you. Lanthanides have many useful applications
especially in photochemistry which distinguishes rare earths
from other metals. Sadly, they are very expensive so that not
everyone can get them and do as much experiments you want. I've
only one lanthanide compound in my lab and that is Ammonium
ceric sulfate which can be used as an oxidizing agent in
titrations. Actually, comparing to some transition metals,
lanthanides are not that rare. For example, Scandium. It is one
of the very very rare non-radioactive metals. The world wide
production of elemental scandium is only around 10kgs per year.
So, the problem of using lanthanides is not only about abundance
but their cost as well. Some of the metals are very abundant in
earth's crust but their production method is very complex and
expensive. For example, Nickel, Titanium, cobalt etc..... These
are present in reasonable amounts but their production method is
complex and expensive. So, we have to work on it and find out
new methods for production. I'm working on Titanium which is
industrially extracted by reacting titanium tetrachloride (can
be obtained by heating the mixture of titanium dioxide & carbon
in chlorine atmosphere) with reactive metal like Magnesium. The
problem here is we have find a way to remove oxygen from
Titanium dioxide which is very difficult to do. The good thing
is Titanium dioxide is cheap. Recently, I'm very much impressed
with a video posted by Nurdrage. They showed a very impressive
cheap method for extracting potassium metal. Here it is:
HTML http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gHgyn-wsxFw&list=UUIgKGGJkt1MrNmhq3vRibYA&index=16&feature=plcp
THEREFORE, WE HAVE TO FIND SOME NEW METHODS LIKE THIS TO EXTRACT
ELEMENTS IN A CHEAP WAY WHICH WILL REVOLUTIONIZE CHEMISTRY IN A
BIG WAY.
#Post#: 865--------------------------------------------------
Re: Rare Earth discussion
DIR By: Shiva
Date: October 12, 2012, 8:32 am
---------------------------------------------------------
Again, this is the only lanthanide compound that I have in my
lab. Me holding the solution of Ammonium ceric sulfate :-) As
you can see in the pic, it already stained the bottom of the
conical flask.
#Post#: 885--------------------------------------------------
Re: Rare Earth discussion
DIR By: hkar19
Date: October 14, 2012, 12:59 am
---------------------------------------------------------
how you obtain and handle such compound? :o
#Post#: 888--------------------------------------------------
Re: Rare Earth discussion
DIR By: Shiva
Date: October 14, 2012, 6:43 am
---------------------------------------------------------
Well, Lanthanide compounds are moderately reactive & not very
toxic either. So, handling them should not be a problem.
Although they are expensive and rare, some compounds are
available in the market like the one I've in my lab. Ammonium
ceric nitrate, Ceric oxide & Ceric sulfate (Cerium compounds)
are available too. As they are very expensive, they do only come
in 100 gms or 50 gms bottle, like in the attached pic.
Thank you,
Shiva
#Post#: 906--------------------------------------------------
Re: Rare Earth discussion
DIR By: hkar19
Date: October 17, 2012, 5:09 am
---------------------------------------------------------
in my country, indonesia, there are so many rare earth ore mined
and those ores doesnt get any touch to generate rare earth oxide
or something compound that can be used for industry.
im still thinking and doing research to extract those compound
well and eco-friendly.
but how? ??? ???
#Post#: 938--------------------------------------------------
Re: Rare Earth discussion
DIR By: Shiva
Date: October 20, 2012, 2:57 am
---------------------------------------------------------
That's cool. But, the problem is , as I said, extracting rare
earths is bit complex and need some sophisticated techniques.
May be it is bit easy, if you have a base compound of a specific
rare earth element to obtain desired compounds. Still, the
minerals of rare earths contain trace amount of radioactive
metals such as Thorium and Uranium and they make the process
even more difficult. I believe it is wise to get rare earth
compounds from market rather than extracting them at home from
minerals.
Thank you,
Shiva
#Post#: 941--------------------------------------------------
Re: Rare Earth discussion
DIR By: Michel
Date: October 21, 2012, 8:35 am
---------------------------------------------------------
--- Quote from: Shiva link ---
>
> That's cool. But, the problem is , as I said, extracting rare
earths is bit complex and need some sophisticated techniques.
May be it is bit easy, if you have a base compound of a specific
rare earth element to obtain desired compounds. Still, the
minerals of rare earths contain trace amount of radioactive
metals such as Thorium and Uranium and they make the process
even more difficult. I believe it is wise to get rare earth
compounds from market rather than extracting them at home from
minerals.
>
> Thank you,
> Shiva
>
--- End Quote ---
any chance he could be doing graduate research on this topic..
*****************************************************
Page 1 of 1