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By: eba95 Date: August 3, 2010, 6:57 am
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Fortran (previously FORTRAN;[note
1] blends derived from IBM
Mathematical Formula Translating
System) is a general-purpose,[note
2] procedural,[note 3] imperative
programming language that is
especially suited to numeric
computation and scientific
computing. Originally developed by
IBM at their campus in south San
Jose, California[1] in the 1950s for
scientific and engineering
applications, Fortran came to
dominate this area of programming
early on and has been in continual
use for over half a century in
computationally intensive areas
such as numerical weather
prediction, finite element analysis,
computational fluid dynamics,
computational physics,
computational chemistry, and
electricity supply systems state
estimation. It is one of the most
popular languages in the area of
high-performance computing and is
the language used for programs that
benchmark and rank the world's
fastest supercomputers.[2]
Fortran encompasses a lineage of
versions, each of which evolved to
add extensions to the language
while usually retaining compatibility
with previous versions. Successive
versions have added support for
processing of character-based data
( FORTRAN 77), array programming,
modular programming and object-
based programming (Fortran 90 /
95), and object-oriented and generic
programming (Fortran 2003).
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