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       #Post#: 132--------------------------------------------------
       C++ i/o
       By: eba95 Date: July 30, 2010, 8:56 pm
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       C++ I/O
       The <iostream> library automatically
       defines a few standard objects (in
       the std namespace, as always):
       cout, an object of the ostream class,
       which displays data to the standard
       output device.
       cerr, another object of the ostream
       class that writes unbuffered output
       to the standard error device.
       clog, like cerr, but uses buffered
       output.
       cin, an object of the istream class
       that reads data from the standard
       input device.
       The <fstream> library allows
       programmers to do file input and
       output with the ifstream and
       ofstream classes. C++ programmers
       can also do input and output from
       strings by using the stringstream
       class.
       Some of the behavior of the C++ I/O
       streams (precision, justification, etc)
       may be modified by manipulating
       various I/O stream format flags.
       I/O
       Constructors constructors
       bad true if an error
       occurred
       clear clear and set status
       flags
       close close a stream
       eof true if at the end-of-file
       exceptions
       set the stream to
       throw exceptions on
       errors
       fail true if an error
       occurred
       fill manipulate the default
       fill character
       flags access or manipulate
       io_stream_format_flags
       flush empty the buffer
       gcount number of characters
       read during last input
       get read characters
       getline read a line of
       characters
       good true if no errors have
       occurred
       ignore read and discard
       characters
       is_open check if a file is open
       open open a new stream
       peek check the next input
       character
       precision manipulate the
       precision of a stream
       put write characters
       putback return characters to a
       stream
       rdstate returns the state flags
       of the stream
       read read data into a buffer
       seekg
       perform random
       access on an input
       stream
       seekp
       perform random
       access on output
       streams
       setf set format flags
       sync_with_stdio synchronize with
       standard I/O
       tellg read input stream
       pointers
       tellp read output stream
       pointers
       unsetf clear
       io_stream_format_flags
       width
       access and manipulate
       the minimum field
       width
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