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       #Post#: 451--------------------------------------------------
       Re: Climate Doom
       By: John of Wallan Date: June 5, 2021, 1:52 am
       ---------------------------------------------------------
       Guns and spam I tells ya, guns and spam.
       JOW
       Link:
  HTML http://arctic-news.blogspot.com/
       Text:
       THURSDAY, JUNE 3, 2021
       Greenhouse gas levels keep rising at accelerating rates
       At the Paris Agreement in 2015, politicians pledged to limit the
       global temperature rise from pre-industrial levels to 1.5°C and
       promised to stop rises in greenhouse gas emissions as soon as
       possible and to make rapid reductions in accordance with best
       available science, to achieve a balance between people's
       emissions by sources and removals by sinks of greenhouse gases
       in the second half of this century.
       Yet, greenhouse gas levels keep rising and the rise appears to
       be accelerating.
       Carbon Dioxide
       Annual growth rates of carbon dioxide (CO₂) have been
       rising for decades.
       The February 2021 global CO₂ level was 415.88 parts per
       million (ppm), which was 2.96 ppm higher than the February 2020
       global CO₂ level. On April 8, 2021, CO₂ levels at
       Mauna Loa, Hawaii, reached a peak of 421.36 ppm.
       Methane
       
       The 2020 global annual methane (CH₄) growth rate of 15.85
       ppb was the highest on record. The global CH₄ level in
       January 2021 was 1893.4 ppb, 20 ppb higher than the January 2020
       level.
       The image at the top shows a trend indicating that CH₄
       could reach a level of 4000 ppb in 2026, which at a 1-year GWP
       of 200 translates into 800 ppm CO₂e, so just adding this
       to the current CO₂ level would cause the Clouds Tipping
       Point at 1200 CO₂e to be crossed, which in itself could
       raise global temperatures by 8°C, as described in an earlier
       post.
       Nitrous Oxide
       The 2020 global annual nitrous oxide (N₂O) growth rate of
       1.33 ppb was the highest on record. The global N₂O level
       in January 2021 was 333.9 ppb, 1.4 ppb higher than the January
       2020 level.
       Greenhouse gas levels are accelerating, despite promises by
       politicians to make dramatic cuts in emissions. As it turns out,
       politicians have not taken the action they promised they would
       take.
       Of course, when also adding nitrous oxide, the Clouds Tipping
       Point can get crossed even earlier.
       Elements contributing to temperature rise
       Next to rising greenhouse gas levels, there are further elements
       that can contribute to a huge temperature rise soon.
       As illustrated by above image by Nico Sun, the accumulation of
       energy going into melting the sea ice is at record high for the
       time of year.
       As illustrated by above combination image, the thickness of the
       sea ice is now substantially less than it used to be. The image
       compares June 1, 2021 (left), with June 1, 2015 (right).
       The animation on the right shows that sea ice is getting rapidly
       thinner, indicating that the buffer constituted by the sea ice
       underneath the surface is almost gone, meaning that further heat
       entering the Arctic Ocean will strongly heat up the water.
       As described in an earlier post, this can destabilizate methane
       hydrates in sediments at the seafloor of the Arctic Ocean,
       resulting in eruption of methane from these hydrates and from
       methane that is located in the form of free gas underneath such
       hydrates.
       Such methane eruptions will first of all heat up the Arctic,
       resulting in loss of Arctic sea ice's ability to reflect
       sunlight back into space (albedo feedback), in disappearing
       glaciers and in rapidly thawing terrestrial permafrost (and the
       associated release of greenhouse gases).
       The Snowball Effect
       Temperatures are rising and they are rising at accelerating
       pace, especially in the Arctic. A strong El Niño and a
       distortion in the jet stream could cause the latent heat and
       methane hydrates tipping points to be crossed soon, causing many
       feedbacks to kick in with ever greater ferocity, and pushing up
       the global temperature beyond 3°C, 4°C and 5°C above
       pre-industrial, like a snowball that keeps growing in size while
       picking up ever more snow, as it is racing down a very steep
       slope.
       Crossing of tipping points and further events and developments
       can combine with feedbacks into a snowball effect of rapidly
       rising temperatures.
       Feedbacks include changes to the Jet Stream that result in ever
       more extreme weather events such as storms and forest fires.
       Such events can cause huge emissions of greenhouse gases.
       Temperatures can also be expected to rise over the next few
       years as sulfate cooling decreases. Aerosols can further cause
       additional warming if more black carbon and brown carbon gets
       emitted due to more wood getting burned and more forest fires
       taking place. Black carbon and brown carbon have a net warming
       effect and can settle on snow and ice and speed up their
       decline.
       Therefore, the 8°C rise as a result of crossing the Clouds
       Tipping Point would come on top of the warming due to other
       elements, and the total rise could be as high as 18°C or 32.4°F
       from preindustrial, as ilustrated by the image on the right,
       from an earlier post.
       In conclusion, there could be a huge temperature rise by 2026.
       At a 3°C rise, humans will likely go extinct, making it from
       some perspectives futile to speculate about what will happen
       beyond 2026.
       Even so, the right thing to do is to help avoid the worst things
       from happening, through comprehensive and effective action as
       described in the Climate Plan.
       Links
       • Climate Plan
  HTML https://arctic-news.blogspot.com/p/climateplan.html
       • Paris Agreement
  HTML https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/english_paris_agreement.pdf
       • NOAA: Trends in Greenhouse gases
  HTML https://gml.noaa.gov/ccgg/trends
       • Overshoot or Omnicide?
  HTML https://arctic-news.blogspot.com/2021/03/overshoot-or-omnicide.html
       • Cryosphere Computing - by Nico Sun
  HTML https://cryospherecomputing.tk
       • Arctic Ocean invaded by hot, salty water
  HTML https://arctic-news.blogspot.com/2021/05/arctic-ocean-invaded-by-hot-salty-water.html
       • Naval Research Laboratry - sea ice thickness
  HTML https://www7320.nrlssc.navy.mil/GLBhycomcice1-12/arctic.html
       • Feedbacks in the Arctic
  HTML https://arctic-news.blogspot.com/p/feedbacks.html
       • A rise of 18°C or 32.4°F by 2026?
  HTML https://arctic-news.blogspot.com/2019/02/a-rise-of-18c-or-324f-by-2026.html
       • Most Important Message Ever
  HTML https://arctic-news.blogspot.com/2019/07/most-important-message-ever.html
       Posted by Sam Carana at 12:03 AM
       Email This
       BlogThis!
       Share to Twitter
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       Labels: Arctic, clouds, greenhouse gases, ocean, rise, sea ice,
       temperature, thickness
       #Post#: 507--------------------------------------------------
       Re: Climate Doom
       By: John of Wallan Date: June 25, 2021, 6:09 pm
       ---------------------------------------------------------
       UN comes out with usual wishy washy language to get past the
       veto of all the climate change skeptic members.
       
       JOW
       Link:
  HTML https://www.rfi.fr/en/international/20210623-leaked-un-climate-report-warns-of-radical-changes-in-coming-years-ipcc-environment-global-warming
       Text:
       Leaked UN climate report warns of radical changes in coming
       years
       Issued on: 23/06/2021 - 22:07
       With dangerous thresholds closer than thought, the choices that
       societies make now will determine whether our species thrives or
       simply survives during the 21st century, a leaked IPCC report
       has warned.
       With dangerous thresholds closer than thought, the choices that
       societies make now will determine whether our species thrives or
       simply survives during the 21st century, a leaked IPCC report
       has warned. © ORLANDO SIERRA AFP
       Text by:
       Amanda Morrow
       Follow
       3 min
       The crushing impacts of climate change will hit sooner than
       expected – with millions of people afflicted by hunger, drought
       and disease in the coming decades, a leaked UN report has
       warned.
       Advertising
       The outlook for the planet is bleak, even if global climate
       targets are met.
       Scientists from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
       say species extinction, extreme weather, ecosystem collapse and
       the spread of disease will be deeply felt within the next 30
       years.
       The draft report, which was seen by AFP but which will not be
       made public until next year, is the most comprehensive
       assessment on how global warming will affect both the planet and
       humankind.
       #EXCLUSIVE Climate change will fundamentally reshape life on
       Earth in coming decades, even if humans can tame planet-warming
       greenhouse gas emissions, says a landmark draft report from UN's
       climate science advisors obtained by @AFP
  HTML https://t.co/Q4ytmReVky
       pic.twitter.com/gry8gRPjsF
       — AFP News Agency (@AFP) June 23, 2021
       Closer thresholds
       With dangerous thresholds closer than thought, the choices that
       societies make now will determine whether our species thrives or
       simply survives during the 21st century, the report said.
       While slashing emissions and promoting plant-based diets can
       limit the damage to human health, the fallout resulting from
       decades of unchecked carbon pollution will be unavoidable in the
       short term.
       Australia to challenge Unesco 'downgrade' of Great Barrier
       Reef
       Frost that devastated French vineyards linked to climate
       change
       Many land and marine ecosystems had reached, or surpassed, their
       ability to adapt to climate change, the scientists said.
       The world has warmed by more than 1° Celsius since
       pre-industrial times, and is on track for 2.9C of warming under
       existing policies. The Paris Agreement aims to limit warming to
       “well below” 2C.
       Grim outlook
       The IPCC report found that in a world that was 2C hotter,
       animals such as penguins, polar bears, seals and corals reefs
       would be threatened.
       In addition, 15 percent of the planet's permafrost would be lost
       by 2100, releasing up to 67 billion tonnes of carbon from the
       frozen soil into the atmosphere.
       Warming of between 2C and 3C would see more than half of life on
       earth threatened with extinction.
       #Post#: 508--------------------------------------------------
       Re: Climate Doom
       By: John of Wallan Date: June 25, 2021, 6:11 pm
       ---------------------------------------------------------
       Florida is flooding... What could possibly be causing that?
       JOW
       Link:
  HTML https://outline.com/F3q4Ev
       Text:
       ‘The water is coming’: Florida Keys faces stark reality as seas
       rise
       Oliver Milman June 24, 2021
       Long famed for its spectacular fishing, sprawling coral reefs
       and literary residents such as Ernest Hemingway, the Florida
       Keys is now acknowledging a previously unthinkable reality: it
       faces being overwhelmed by the rising seas and not every home
       can be saved.
       Following a grueling seven-hour public meeting on Monday, held
       in the appropriately named city of Marathon, officials agreed to
       push ahead with a plan to elevate streets throughout the Keys to
       keep them from perpetual flooding, while admitting they do not
       have the money to do so.
       The string of coral cay islands that unspool from the southern
       tip of Florida finds itself on the frontline of the climate
       crisis, forcing unenviable choices upon a place that styles
       itself as sunshine-drenched idyll. The lives of Keys residents –
       a mixture of wealthy, older white people, the one in four who
       are Hispanic or Latino, and those struggling in poverty – face
       being upended.
       If the funding isn’t found, the Keys will become one of the
       first places in the US – and certainly not the last – to inform
       residents that certain areas will have to be surrendered to the
       oncoming tides.
       “The water is coming and we can’t stop it,” said Michelle
       Coldiron, mayor of Monroe county, which encompasses the Keys.
       “Some homes will have to be elevated, some will have to be
       bought out. It’s very difficult to have these conversations with
       homeowners, because this is where they live. It can get very
       emotional.”
       A town board meeting at the government building in Marathon,
       Florida on June 21, 2021.
       A town board meeting at the government building in Marathon,
       Florida on June 21, 2021. Photograph: Saul Martinez/The Guardian
       Once people are unable to secure mortgages and insurance for
       soaked homes, the Keys will cease to be a livable place long
       before it’s fully underwater, according to Harold Wanless, a
       geographer at the University of Miami. “People don’t have a
       concept of what sea level rise will do to them. They just can’t
       conceive it,” he said.
       On Monday, the county gave details of its plan to spend $1.8bn
       over the next 25 years to raise 150 miles of roads in the Keys,
       deploying a mixture of new drains, pump stations and vegetation
       to prevent the streets becoming inundated with seawater. The
       heightened roadways are eagerly anticipated by residents who
       told the meeting of cars being ruined by the salt water and of
       donning boots to wade to front doors.
       “The roads are shot, they’re full of cracks, the water is
       permeating up,” said Kimberly Sikora, who lives in a vulnerable
       neighborhood of Key Largo called Stillwright Point that is still
       awaiting a full road elevation proposal. “I’m just looking for
       some kind of relief.”
       Another resident, Robert Schaller of Twin Lakes, an area further
       along in the planning process, muttered that he “should’ve done
       my due diligence” when buying his house last year. “I literally
       stand on my balcony and watch the water come up through my
       street,” he said. “It’s coming up right through the pavement.”
       But Monroe county’s budget will not cover the raising of all the
       roads, nor any mass buyout of homes, and an appeal to Florida
       state lawmakers to levy a new tax to cover these mounting costs
       has been rebuffed. Further costs will pile up as the county
       grapples with how – and who pays - to keep critical
       infrastructure such as sewers and power substations, as well as
       people’s homes, from being flooded along with the roads.
       “If we can’t raise additional money then we will have to look at
       prioritizing,” said Rhonda Haag, Monroe county’s chief
       resilience officer.
       “For example, should we spend money on raising roads if people
       aren’t paying to raise their yards? We are blazing trails here.
       We are ahead of everyone in having to think about this.”
       Homes on a canal that frequently gets flooded, in Key Largo on
       Monday.
       Homes on a canal that frequently gets flooded, in Key Largo on
       Monday. Photograph: Saul Martinez/The Guardian
       The pancake-flat Keys are in jeopardy from rising seas that are,
       as a National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (Noaa)
       scientist told the county commissioners in the Monday meeting,
       accelerating upwards as the vast ice sheets of Greenland and
       Antarctica melt away. Human-caused global heating means an extra
       17in of sea level rise by 2040, according to an intermediate
       Noaa projection used by the county.
       Compounding this problem, the islands’ porous limestone allows
       the rising seawater to bubble up from below, meaning it just
       takes high tides on sunny days to turn roads into ponds, while
       global heating is also spurring fiercer hurricanes that can
       occasionally crunch into the archipelago.
       “The Florida Keys are one of the most vulnerable places to
       flooding in North America,” said Kristina Hill, an environmental
       planner at the University of California, Berkeley, who warned
       that the islands would face growing road and pipe maintenance
       costs, more pollution leaks and harmful algal blooms.
       “Without a change in strategy, parts of the Keys will become
       accessible only by boat,” said Hill, adding that the islands
       could have to resort to floating structures and navigable canals
       to remain viable. “The islands will gradually disappear into a
       higher ocean, potentially leaving a ruined landscape of leaky
       underground storage tanks, old pipes, and flooded road segments
       behind to pollute the water.”
       A sign reads ‘Salt Water No Wake’ as ocean water floods a street
       in Key Largo in October 2019.
       A sign reads ‘Salt Water No Wake’ as ocean water floods a street
       in Key Largo in October 2019. Photograph: Joe Raedle/Getty
       Images
       The threats faced by the Keys are shrugged off by some of its
       wealthy retirees who view the situation with a certain fatalism,
       while others in this Republican-voting bastion openly question
       the science. Eddie Martinez, one of the county’s five elected
       commissioners, challenged the Noaa scientist, William Sweet, on
       his sea level rise projections on Monday.
       The sea level rise to date is “really a nothing number”, said
       Martinez, who told Sweet: “You’re a little bit more on this CO2
       side, I’m more on the actual measurement side.” Another
       commissioner, David Rice, said that “predicting the future is
       probably best done with a crystal ball” and speculated that
       global temperatures could change following several volcanic
       eruptions.
       “There are people who don’t want to sell because they love it
       here, others who want to get out while they can and those in
       complete denial who call you a troublemaker who is driving down
       property values by talking about it,” said George Smyth, a
       retiree who moved to Key Largo a decade ago for the quiet,
       slow-paced lifestyle. In 2019, his neighborhood spent 90 days
       partially submerged in water.
       The nature of the Keys has changed in this time. While the
       islands still include pockets of poverty, an influx of affluent
       second-home owners has caused new properties to sprout up around
       Smyth. “It used to be pretty rough and tumble, you’d see a few
       fights on a Saturday night,” he said. “Now everyone looks like
       they’ve just come from the cosmetic dentist.”
       A view of the ocean from a local park that frequently gets
       flooded when water levels rise, in Key Largo.
       A view of the ocean from a local park that frequently gets
       flooded when water levels rise, in Key Largo. Photograph: Saul
       Martinez/The Guardian
       Other new realities are more laborious – Smyth has to wash his
       car continually to rid it of salt water and has to pay for
       trucks to unload piles of crushed-up rocks around his property
       as a buffer against the encroaching tides. While Smyth doesn’t
       class himself as particularly wealthy, these protections are
       beyond the means of low-income Keys residents, many of whom live
       in exposed mobile homes dotted along the islands.
       Smyth fears that the county will require poorer residents to
       stump up the money for the roads, rather than put a levy on the
       tourists that flock to the Keys. “We feel we are being held
       hostage,” he said. “I feel sorrow for what is coming and the
       loss of what is a wonderful community.”
       But the mayor defiantly insists the Keys can be saved, even if
       it is currently unclear how. “We know we live in paradise and we
       want to keep it that way,” said Coldiron.
       #Post#: 510--------------------------------------------------
       Re: Climate Doom
       By: K-Dog Date: June 27, 2021, 10:59 pm
       ---------------------------------------------------------
       It is going to be over 43 degrees C tomorrow in Seattle.  I
       might smoke from spontaneous combustion.  Change is coming a bit
       faster than anyone thought.
       #Post#: 511--------------------------------------------------
       Re: Climate Doom
       By: John of Wallan Date: June 28, 2021, 5:26 am
       ---------------------------------------------------------
       [quote author=K-Dog link=topic=14.msg510#msg510 date=1624852771]
       It is going to be over 43 degrees C tomorrow in Seattle.  I
       might smoke from spontaneous combustion.  Change is coming a bit
       faster than anyone thought.
       [/quote]
       Oh shit. Seattle. Thats way up North West Coast!.
       We get into the low 40s here for a week or 2 every summer. 43;
       Thats starting to get pretty hot.
       Much over this starts killing trees and birds very quickly, even
       our natives eucalypts which are pretty heat tollerant, let alone
       your more temperate species you guys have.
       Water everything the day before and later the same afternoon
       once heat has started to subside.
       Stay in shade and drink plenty of water if AC goes out. Sit
       under a tree you have watered.
       If its humid you are fucked.
       Every degree once you get over 42 makes a big difference.
       Be carefull. Dont be complacent.
       We are used to these temps and still every year people die of
       heat stroke, and small children and animals die in cars within
       mimutes.
       Yep. Change is coming quicker than we think.
       JOW
       #Post#: 512--------------------------------------------------
       Re: Climate Doom
       By: Phil Potts Date: June 28, 2021, 4:02 pm
       ---------------------------------------------------------
       [quote author=John of Wallan link=topic=14.msg511#msg511
       date=1624875985]
       [quote author=K-Dog link=topic=14.msg510#msg510 date=1624852771]
       It is going to be over 43 degrees C tomorrow in Seattle.  I
       might smoke from spontaneous combustion.  Change is coming a bit
       faster than anyone thought.
       [/quote]
       Oh ****. Seattle. Thats way up North West Coast!.
       [/quote]
       I heard it's also quite progressive, so gain extra airflow and
       an all over tan by going the full monty. Don't keep it to
       yourself, ask a few others to hang out
       [attachment deleted by admin]
       #Post#: 516--------------------------------------------------
       Re: Climate Doom
       By: John of Wallan Date: July 1, 2021, 1:35 am
       ---------------------------------------------------------
       Its not real... Its a conspiracy I tells you.
       Its not getting hotter. We are just measuring it differently.
       Its mind control. No, its aliens.
       Russians?
       Oh well. Business as usual is fine as long as we are all ok and
       making money. Oh, wait...
       JOW
       Link:
  HTML http://arctic-news.blogspot.com/
       Text:
       Heatwaves and the danger of the Arctic Ocean heating up
       Heatwaves and Jet Stream Changes
       Heatwaves are increasingly hitting higher latitudes, as
       illustrated by the forecasts below. The background behind this
       is that the temperature rise caused by people's emissions is
       also causing changes to the jet streams.
       [ click on images to enlarge ]
       These changes to the Jet Stream are increasingly creating
       conditions for heatwaves to strike at very high latitudes, as
       also illustrated by the images on the right.
       The first image on the right shows that surface temperatures as
       high as 48°C or 118.3°F are forecast in the State of Washington
       for June 30, 2021, at 01:00 UTC, at a latitude of 46.25°N. At
       the same time, even higher temperatures are forecast nearby at
       1000 hPa level (temperatures as high as 119.4°C or 48.6°C).
       The next two images on the right show what happened to the jet
       stream. One image shows instantaneous wind power density at 250
       hPa, i.e. at an altitude where the jet stream circumnavigates
       the globe, on June 26, 2021 at 11:00 UTC. The image features two
       green circles. The top green circle marks a location where the
       jet stream is quite forceful and reaches a speed of 273 km/h or
       170 mph. The bottom green circle marks the same location where
       the 48°C is forecast on June 30, 2021. This shows how heat has
       been able to move north from as early as June 26, 2021.
       The next image on the right shows the situation on June 30,
       2021, 04:00 UTC, illustrating how such a jet stream pattern can
       remain in place (blocked) for several days (in this case for
       more than five days). The green circle again marks the same
       location where the 48°C is forecast (in the top image on the
       right).
       This illustrates how a more wavy jet stream can enable high
       temperatures to rise to higher latitudes, while holding a
       pattern in place for several days, thus pushing up temperatures
       over time in the area.
       As said, these changes in the jet stream that are enabling hot
       air to rise up to high latitudes are caused by global warming.
       Accelerating warming in the Arctic is causing the temperature
       difference between the North Pole and the Equator to narrow,
       which in turn is making the jet stream more wavy.
       The next image on the right shows that a UV index reading as
       high as 12 (extreme) is forecast for a location at 51.56°N in
       Washington for June 28, 2021, illustrating that such an extreme
       level of UV can occur at high latitudes, due to changes in the
       jet stream.
       Accelerated Warming in the Arctic
       As the temperature rise is accelerating due to people's
       emissions, the acceleration is speeding up more in the Arctic
       than anywhere else on Earth, due to numerous feedbacks and
       tipping points, including:
       • Albedo loss goes hand in hand with decline of the snow and ice
       cover. Albedo is a measure of reflectivity of the surface.
       Albedo is higher as more sunlight is reflected back upward and
       less energy is getting absorbed at the surface. Albedo decline
       can occur as snow and ice disappears and the underlying darker
       soil and rock becomes exposed. Even when the snow and ice cover
       remains extensive, its reflectivity can decline, due to cracks
       and holes in the ice, due to formation of melt ponds on top of
       the ice and due to changes in texture (melting snow and ice
       reflects less light). Calving of the ice can take place where
       warmer water can reach it, and such calving can increase as
       storms strengthen and waves get larger.
       • Furthermore, albedo loss can occur as dust, soot and organic
       compounds that are caused by human activities get deposited on
       the snow and ice cover, reducing the reflectivity of the
       surface. Organic compounds and nutrients in meltwater pools can
       lead to rapid growth of algae, especially at times of high
       insolation.
       • Latent heat loss. As sea ice gets thinner, ever less ocean
       heat gets consumed in the process of melting the subsurface ice,
       to the point where - as long as air temperatures are still low
       enough - there still is a thin layer of ice at the surface that
       will still consume some heat below the surface, but that at the
       same time acts as a seal, preventing heat from the Arctic Ocean
       to enter the atmosphere.
       • Jet Stream changes can further amplify the temperature rise.
       As the temperature difference between the North Pole and the
       Equator narrows, the Jet Stream becomes more wavy, spreading out
       widely at times. The changes to the jet stream cause more
       extreme weather, including heatwaves, forest fires, storms,
       flooding, etc. This can cause more aerosols to get deposited on
       the snow and ice cover. It can also speed up the flow of warm
       water into the Arctic Ocean.
       Albedo loss, latent heat loss and changes to the jet stream can
       dramatically amplify the temperature rise in the Arctic. The
       temperature of the Arctic Ocean is rising accordingly, while
       there are a number of developments that specifically speed up
       the temperature rise of the water of the Arctic Ocean, as
       discussed below.
       Arctic Ocean heating up
       The temperature of the water of the Arctic Ocean is rising, due
       to a number of events and developments:
       [ from the insolation page ]
       Solstice occurred on June 21, 2021. The Arctic is now receiving
       huge amounts of sunlight (see image on the right, from the
       insolation page).
       Sea surface temperatures and temperatures on land are very high
       in Siberia, Canada and Alaska. Strong winds can spread warm air
       over the Arctic Ocean.
       Arctic sea ice extent is low for the time of year, but at this
       stage, there still is a lot of sea ice present (compared to
       September). The sea ice acts as a seal, preventing ocean heat
       from entering the atmosphere, resulting in more heat remaining
       in the Arctic Ocean.
       [ Lena River, Siberia ]
       Warm water from rivers is flowing into the Arctic Ocean,
       carrying further heat into the Arctic Ocean. Above image shows
       that on June 23, 2021, sea surface temperatures were 22.3°C or
       72.2°F at a spot where water from the Lena River flows into the
       Arctic Ocean. The image on the right shows that at a nearby
       location the sea surface temperature was 20°C or 36°F higher
       than 1981-2011.
       Warm water from the North Atlantic Ocean and the North Pacific
       Ocean is flowing into the Arctic Ocean and the amount of ocean
       heat flowing into the Arctic Ocean is rising each year.
       As mentioned above, latent heat loss is contributing to the
       rapid temperature rise in the Arctic. The remaining sea ice acts
       as a buffer, consuming ocean heat from below. Sea ice is getting
       thinner each year, so ever less ocean heat can get consumed in
       the process of melting the sea ice from below.
       Changes to the jet stream can also cause strong storms that can
       dramatically speed up the amount of heat flowing into the Arctic
       Ocean, as discussed at the Cold freshwater lid on North Atlantic
       page.
       The danger of the temperature rise of the Arctic Ocean
       The danger of the temperature rise of the Arctic Ocean is that
       it can cause destabilization of hydrates at its seafloor,
       resulting in eruption of huge amounts of methane from hydrates
       and from free gas underneath the hydrates.
       [ The Buffer has gone, feedback #14 on the Feedbacks page ]
       In conclusion, changes to the jet stream could cause a huge
       temperature rise soon, while a 3°C rise could cause humans to go
       extinct, which is a daunting prospect. Even so, the right thing
       to do is to help avoid the worst things from happening, through
       comprehensive and effective action as described in the Climate
       Plan.
       #Post#: 517--------------------------------------------------
       Re: Climate Doom
       By: John of Wallan Date: July 1, 2021, 1:41 am
       ---------------------------------------------------------
       Weather is topsy turvy everywhere as predicted.
       As usual it always says these things will happen, when they are
       already happening.
       JOW
       Link:
  HTML https://www.theage.com.au/environment/climate-change/from-drying-rainforests-to-heavier-downpours-australia-s-climate-is-changing-20210630-p585lh.html
       Text:
       From drying rainforests to heavier downpours, Australia’s
       climate is changing
       Peter Hannam
       By Peter Hannam
       July 1, 2021 — 3.29pm
       Australia’s tropical rainforests will dry out, marine and land
       heatwaves will become more frequent and intense, and
       thunderstorms will dump more rain and worsen floods as the globe
       heats up.
       These are among the many impacts from climate change that will
       blight the nation further unless atmospheric levels of
       greenhouse gases stabilise, according to the final report of the
       federal government’s Earth Systems and Climate Change Hub.
       ’Hub research has shown a clear link between climate change
       and worsening bushfire weather conditions over the past 70
       years,” the centre’s final report finds.
       ’Hub research has shown a clear link between climate change and
       worsening bushfire weather conditions over the past 70 years,”
       the centre’s final report finds.CREDIT:NICK MOIR
       The work of more than 100 researchers, to be expanded in a new
       Climate Systems Hub that began operations on Thursday, made
       advances across fields ranging from bushfire prediction to the
       rapid identification of the role climate change rather than
       natural variability plays in an extreme weather.
       “It’s clear that climate change is already happening and having
       impacts,” said David Karoly, the leader of the Earth Systems Hub
       that ended its work on June 30. Hub achievements include the
       “massively successful” improvements to the main ACCESS climate
       model used by Australian governments and agencies to hone future
       predictions to a smaller scale than before, he said.
       Ancient Gondwanan rainforests in Queensland and NSW, which get
       as much as 40 per cent of their moisture from being shrouded in
       clouds, face a drier and hotter future with climate change.
       Ancient Gondwanan rainforests in Queensland and NSW, which get
       as much as 40 per cent of their moisture from being shrouded in
       clouds, face a drier and hotter future with climate
       change.CREDIT:BRIAN CASSEY
       The final report said there was “a clear link between climate
       change and worsening bushfire weather conditions over the past
       70 years”, and singled out the World Heritage-listed Gondwana
       Rainforests as one area of concern.
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       The forests, which stretch from north of Newcastle in NSW up to
       southern Queensland, were hard hit by the 2019-20 Black Summer
       bushfires and are likely to become drier as clouds and fog that
       provide as much as 40 per cent of moisture rise in a warmer
       climate.
       “Higher cloud height, especially during the dry season, could
       lead to a dry climate that is beyond the tolerance of some
       species, resulting in rainforest community changes,” the report
       found, adding “even moderate increases in cloud height were
       found to have significant implications for cloud-water dependent
       species”.
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       Professor Karoly said that, while the lineage of the forests
       dates back many millions of years, changes were underway in a
       matter of a hundred years, far faster than species could adapt.
       Similarly rapid changes were underway in the oceans around
       Australia although their remoteness from most people’s
       experiences meant they were not well known.
       The Tasman Sea is warming at four times the global average,
       placing at risk giant kelp forests off the Tasmanian coast.
       The Tasman Sea is warming at four times the global average,
       placing at risk giant kelp forests off the Tasmanian
       coast.CREDIT:CRAIG SANDERSON
       The Tasman Sea, for instance, is warming four times faster than
       the global average in part because the East Australian Current
       is strengthening and dragging tropical water much further south.
       Key ecosystems, such as the giant kelp forests off Tasmania, are
       at risk from more frequent heatwaves.
       “A marine heatwave [in the Tasman Sea] similar in intensity to
       those in 2015–16 and 2017–18 is currently expected to occur
       approximately once every 20 years,” the report said. “Under [a
       global] low-emissions scenario, it is expected to occur once
       every 15 years by the end of the century, and under the
       high-emissions scenario, a marine heatwave is projected to occur
       almost every year.”
       Thunderstorms were another area of interest, including how the
       number of danger so-called “pyrocumulonimbus” clouds formed out
       of bushfire plumes.
       At least 35 of them were detected during Black Summer,
       increasing the risk of erratic winds on unpredictable fire
       behaviour and ignite new blazes ahead of the fire front, the
       report noted.
       East coast lows, another big weather event affecting coastal
       areas from Queensland to Victoria, were among phenomenon
       undergoing change. The Hub developed new ways to analyse the
       complex storms and found the most extreme rainfall near eastern
       Australia was frequently caused by such low-pressure systems
       combining with a front and a thunderstorm.
       The researchers found short-duration events produced by
       thunderstorms could potentially increase in intensity by about
       15 per cent per degree of global warming.
       A line of storms associated with an east coast low sweeping over
       the Hawkesbury River north of Sydney in July 2020.
       A line of storms associated with an east coast low sweeping over
       the Hawkesbury River north of Sydney in July 2020.CREDIT:NICK
       MOIR
       Andy Pitman, head of the ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate
       Extremes and a Hub advisor, said east coast lows were “one of
       the least effectively studied phenomena in Australia” even
       though their impacts can be huge in terms of floods, storm
       surges and wind damage.
       “I worry about how ill-prepared we are for any climate signal
       for east coast lows,” he said.
       At the other end of the weather spectrum was so-called flash
       droughts, another of the Hub’s research areas. These are
       triggered by lower-than-average rainfall, accompanied by
       abnormally high temperatures, a dry atmosphere, clear skies and
       more sunshine, and can be perilous for crops.
       Drone vision of Lake Burrendong in the central-west region of
       NSW in January 2020 when water levels fell to a couple of per
       cent of capacity.CREDIT:NICK MOIR
       The researchers showed the sudden dry spells could be forecast,
       and they can happen even in winter.
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       The outgoing Hub cost $23.4 million, with matching contributions
       from CSIRO, the Bureau of Meteorology and five universities
       including the University of Melbourne and the University of NSW.
       Its successor has been allocated federal funding of $38 million
       over six years.
       While welcomed, “we are not investing remotely enough given the
       scale of the risk”, Professor Pitman said, adding the new
       funding was “not even one year’s salary of a top soccer player”.
       Simon Marsland, a CSIRO senior scientist who will lead the new
       Climate Systems Hub, said how communities could adapt to the
       warming impacts still to come will be one priority as will
       efforts to work closely with Indigenous populations that are
       often particularly exposed to extreme weather.
       Dr Marsland noted the current record-shattering heatwave in
       Canada, with near 50-degree temperatures recorded even at a
       latitude as far as 50 degrees north, were “a good reminder that
       climate change is here now and not something in the far future”.
       The Morning Edition newsletter is our guide to the day’s most
       important and interesting stories, analysis and insights. Sign
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       #Post#: 518--------------------------------------------------
       Re: Climate Doom
       By: K-Dog Date: July 1, 2021, 2:37 am
       ---------------------------------------------------------
       [spoiler][quote author=BuddyJ link=topic=14.msg513#msg513
       date=1624920852]
       [quote author=K-Dog link=topic=14.msg510#msg510 date=1624852771]
       It is going to be over 43 degrees C tomorrow in Seattle.  I
       might smoke from spontaneous combustion.  Change is coming a bit
       faster than anyone thought.
       [/quote]
       Nah. Guy claimed that the BOE in 2018 would cause us all to die.
       Here it is 3 years later and we're just a bit warmer. Some more
       than others, of course.
  HTML https://pbs.twimg.com/media/E4q8hEwXIAAW2qI.jpg
       [/quote][/spoiler]
       You are right.  But I never thought Guy was right to begin with.
       I started out thinking Guy was at least harmless and made
       people think.  Then I found out most people are stupid and take
       him at face value.  A that moment I realized Guy is incredibly
       dangerous.
       #Post#: 519--------------------------------------------------
       Re: Climate Doom
       By: John of Wallan Date: July 1, 2021, 2:14 pm
       ---------------------------------------------------------
       Just read a report of somewhere in Canadq getting 49 degrees c.
       1221 F.
       Is this correct or a typo?
       Thats off the charts and very disturbing if accurate..
       JOW
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