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   DIR Return to: Exhaust and Emissions systems
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       #Post#: 5--------------------------------------------------
       Air Pumps
   DIR By: Master Tech
       Date: July 13, 2019, 2:15 am
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       An Air pump is a device that is used to force oxygen into the
       exhaust system during cold starts, understanding that a lean
       Air/Fuel mixture burns much hotter than a rich condition, the
       air is "injected" to create a lean condition heating the
       catalyst in less time. With the catalyst and O2 sensors up to
       temperature, the powertrain module will now accept O2 data to
       adjust the AFR to Stoichiometric which on a gasoline Engine, is
       14.7:1.
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