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#Post#: 46219--------------------------------------------------
15 Most Worshipped Gods of Egypt
By: Clay Death Date: September 21, 2016, 9:59 am
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Portrayed with animal heads atop human bodies, ancient Egyptian
gods and goddesses dominated every aspect of life of both
royalty and ordinary people. The culture of ancient Egypt was
based upon the belief in a pantheon of these strange looking
creatures who were worshiped in temples throughout Egypt with an
aim to gain their favor. The following is a list of fifteen most
popular ancient Egyptian gods and goddesses.
Osiris
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Osiris was a wise king who was married to his sister Isis. When
he was murdered by their evil brother Seth, she used magic to
bring him back to life to conceive a son, Horus who revenged his
father’s death and killed his uncle. His son became the king of
Egypt, while Osiris became the king of the dead and the judge of
the underworld. Egyptians thus saw him as triumphant over death;
every pharaoh would be Osiris after death whilst he was the
embodiment of Horus when alive. Osiris was also the god of
vegetation and was often painted with green skin, symbolizing
new growth and renewal.
Isis
Isis was the ultimate goddess for she was the mother of Horus
and both wife and sister of Osiris. When her beloved husband was
murdered by their brother Seth, she collected the dismembered
parts of Osiris’ body and put them together with bandages,
laying the foundation for the ancient Egyptian practice of
mummifying their deceased. By bringing Osiris back to life, Isis
also introduced the concept of resurrection that profoundly
influenced other religions as well, including Christianity.
Isis, portrayed as a woman holding an Ankh in her hand and
sometimes with a female body and cow’s head or cow’s horns was
also worshiped as goddess of fertility.
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Horus
One of the most important ancient Egyptian gods was the son of
Osiris and Isis. According to the famous myth, he revenged his
father’s murder and killed his uncle Seth by which he
established himself as the new king of Egypt. The early Egyptian
pharaohs therefore legitimized their rule by presenting
themselves as incarnated Horus. Also worshiped as the god of
light and sky, Horus was usually depicted as a falcon-headed
male creature wearing a white and red crown.
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#Post#: 46220--------------------------------------------------
Re: 15 Most Worshipped Gods of Egypt
By: Clay Death Date: September 21, 2016, 10:06 am
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Thoth
The god of wisdom, writing and magic was most often portrayed as
an ibis-headed man. Thoth was the scribe of the underworld who
recorded the verdict on the deceased in the Hall of Maat,
maintained the library of the gods, authored the spells in “The
Book of the Dead” and wrote “The Book of Thoth” (containing the
secrets of the universe). But he also played an important role
in many ancient Egyptian myths, acting as an arbiter between the
forces of good and evil.
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Ra
Ra or Re was the sun god and one of the most important ancient
Egyptian deities. He was also associated with pyramid building
and the resurrection of the pharaohs. Symbolically born every
morning with sunrise, Ra symbolically died with every sunset
after which he began his journey into the underworld. In the
later period, Ra became closely associated with Horus and just
like the latter, he was usually portrayed as a falcon-headed
man. However, rather than with white and red crown, Ra was
depicted wearing a solar disc on his head..
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Seth
Seth or Set was the god of desert and storms who later also
became associated with chaos and darkness. He was painted as a
man with the head of a dog with a long snout and forked tail but
he was sometimes also depicted as pig, crocodile, scorpion and
hippopotamus. Seth is also one of the leading characters of the
legend of Osiris and Isis, and as a result of the growing
popularity of the Osiris cult, Seth became demonized and his
images were removed from the temples. In some parts of ancient
Egypt, however, he continued to be worshiped as one the chief
deities.
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#Post#: 46221--------------------------------------------------
Re: 15 Most Worshipped Gods of Egypt
By: Clay Death Date: September 21, 2016, 10:12 am
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Mut
As the wife of Amon and mother of Khons, Mut was one of the
chief Theban gods. Venerated as the great divine mother, Mut was
usually depicted as a woman wearing a white and red crown but
she was sometimes also portrayed with the head or body of a
vulture and as a cow because in the later period, she merged
with Hathor, another great divine mother who was usually
depicted as a woman with cow horns and as a cow.
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Bastet
Bastet was a feline goddess who was depicted either as a cat or
woman with the head of a cat. She was the daughter of the sun
god Ra and was closely associated with domesticated cat. Bastet
was worshiped for her maternal, protective nature and was often
painted surrounded by kittens. But she was also believed to be
ferocious when necessary for cats were able to kill snakes - one
the most deadly creatures in ancient Egypt.
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Amun
Amun or Amon which translates into “The Hidden One” was the head
of the Theban pantheon of gods and goddesses. Worshiped as the
king of gods (similarly as Zeus by ancient Greeks), Amun was
usually painted in a human form but he was sometimes also
portrayed with the ram’s head. Like many other ancient Egyptian
gods and goddesses that were eventually assimilated with their
local/regional versions, Amun was later merged with Ra into
Amun-Ra which remained the chief god throughout the period of
ancient Egypt.
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Ptah
Ptah began as a local god in Memphis but as the influence of
Memphis expanded over Egypt, he became popular elsewhere as
well. He was the creator-god and the patron deity of crafts and
craftsmanship. Ptah was usually depicted as a mummified figure
with his hands protruding through the bandaging to hold a staff
with the symbols of dominion and stability.
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#Post#: 46222--------------------------------------------------
Re: 15 Most Worshipped Gods of Egypt
By: Clay Death Date: September 21, 2016, 10:15 am
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Wadjet
Wadjet was worshiped as a cobra and was often included in royal
insignia as a symbol of sovereignty over Egypt. She was seen as
the protector of the living Horus – the pharaoh. Wadjet was
painted as poised and ready to strike at any potential enemy of
the pharaoh. She was sometimes also depicted as a woman with two
snake heads. Depiction of Wadjet with a sun disc is known as the
uraneus, a popular emblem adorning the crowns of ancient Egypt
rulers.
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Hathor
Hathor was the cow goddess who was associated with dancing and
music but she was also known as the Lady of Heaven, Earth and
the Underworld. She was very popular among ancient Egyptians and
was seen as wise, gentle and affectionate to both the living and
dead. She protected women during pregnancy and childbirth, and
was also worshiped as goddess as fertility. Hathor was most
often portrayed as a woman with cow horns featuring uraneus
(Wadjet and sun disc).
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#Post#: 46223--------------------------------------------------
Re: 15 Most Worshipped Gods of Egypt
By: Clay Death Date: September 21, 2016, 10:17 am
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Sekhmet
Sekhmet was the goddess of war who was depicted as the
lion-headed goddess. She was the “Powerful One” and destroyed
the enemies of Ra but she also helped kings against their
opponents. Sekhmet was also associated with medicine and both
disease and health. Her portrayal as a lioness or lion-headed
woman often included the uraneus, a symbol of royalty and divine
authority of the Egyptian pharaohs.
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Anubis
Anubis was a jackal-headed god, the divine embalmer who was
closely associated with mummification and the afterlife; he was
the custodian of the dead on their journey into the afterlife.
Anubis’ black skin (a color associated with the dark Nile
deposits that made farming in ancient Egypt so successful) was a
symbol of rebirth. He also attended the “Weighting of the Heart”
ceremony in the afterlife.
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#Post#: 46224--------------------------------------------------
Re: 15 Most Worshipped Gods of Egypt
By: Clay Death Date: September 21, 2016, 10:20 am
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Maat
Maat was the personification and goddess of truth, morality,
justice, order, and harmony. She symbolized the natural
equilibrium of the universe; she was the opposite of chaos and
therefore the highest attainment of Egypt. The “Weighing of the
Heart” ceremony as depicted in the Book of the Dead took place
in the Hall of Maat. She was typically portrayed as a woman with
an ostrich feather on her head.
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