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DIR Return to: From The Desk of Bernard Pyron
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#Post#: 9672--------------------------------------------------
Adorno And the Focus On Anti-Semitism As the Origin of Marxist P
olitical Correctness
By: bernardpyron Date: January 14, 2020, 6:57 pm
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Adorno And the Focus On Anti-Semitism As the Origin of Marxist
Political Correctness
Bernard Pyron
Anti-Semitism Played A Major Role In the History of Frankfurt
School Transformational Marxism,
See:
HTML https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F-scale_(personality_test)
"The California F-scale is a 1947 personality test, designed by
Theodor W. Adorno and others to measure the authoritarian
personality.[1] The "F" stands for "fascist". "
"The purpose of the F-scale is to measure an antidemocratic
personality structure, usually defined by authoritarianism. A
score of above 80 on the F-scale test indicates that the subject
may be suffering from severe psychopathology"
"The scale specifically examines the following personality
dimensions:
Conventionalism: conformity to the traditional societal
norms and values of the middle class;
Authoritarian submission: a passive notion towards adhering
to conventional norms and values;
Authoritarian aggression: punishing and condemning
individuals who don’t adhere to conventional values;
Religion and Ethics;
Superstition
Power and "toughness";
Anti-intraception, i.e. "rejection of all inwardness, of the
subjective, the imaginative, the tender-minded, and of
self-criticism."
There was a great deal of interest during the late fifties and
early sixties by personality and social psychologists in the
Theodore W. Adorno studies published in the 1950 book. The
Authoritarian Personality, by Theodore W. Adorno and others.
But soon, by 1960, psychologist Milton Rokeach published his
book, The Open and Closed Mind.
Rokeach had developed an alternative approach to the study of
"The Authoritarian Personality," which he called the "Open and
Closed Mind." He developed another paper and pencil
questionnaire, which was the Dogmatism Scale. See:
HTML https://psychology.wikia.org/wiki/Rokeach_Dogmatism_Scale
"The scale was an early attempt to measure pure
authoritarianism, whether left or right. The intended purpose of
the scale was to measure "closed mindedness" without regard to
ideology."
Rokeach did not say that there was no such thing as totalitarian
dogmatism, but that it was not limited to the Right Wing or to
Conservatives. There was also a Left Wing Dogmatism or
Totalitarianism." The work of the Theodore W. Adorno group in
the book, The Authoritarian Personality, was biased toward the
idea that the Authoritarian or Totalitarian Personality was
limited to Conservatives or to Fascists, which was what the
Marxist Adorno was interested in.
HTML https://www.commentarymagazine.com/articles/the-open-and-closed-mind-by-milton-rokeach/
"A major point of departure for Rokeach’s studies were the
investigations by Adorno and his associates which culminated in
the publication of The Authoritarian Personality in 1950. This
research, which began in 1943 when, for obvious reasons,
anti-Semitism had assumed a peculiar saliency for social
scientists, gradually was broadened to include other forms of
intolerance as well. As the research progressed, the study’s
well-known F scale, originally designed to measure personality
traits underlying a fascist outlook, was used to test
authoritarianism in general, and so those who scored high on
this scale were hence dubbed “authoritarian.” The results showed
that such people tended to be ethnocentric, intolerant of
Negroes and Jews, and politically conservative. But the shift
from measuring “fascism in personality” to measuring the
“authoritarian personality” led to some awkward difficulties. As
a number of critics pointed out, the scale did not in fact
reveal authoritarianism per se, but only right-wing
authoritarianism. More particularly, the test items were so
worded that members of the Communist party did not emerge as
authoritarian if they were measured by the F scale."
Remember that Anti-Semitism Played A Major Role In the History
of Frankfurt School Transformational Marxism. But Rokeach's
work focuses not so much on Anti-Semitism as a point of origin
for Dogmatism as Rokeach defines it as it does in the Adorno
theory that Fascism is caused by the Authoritarian Personality,
and the Family and Christianity. which Marxism opposes
specifically.
Transformational Marxism Differs from the Bolshevik Marxism of
the Russian Revolution. Transformational Marxism acknowledged
that the dominant Culture in the West had to be changed before a
Marxist collectivist culture and totalitarian government could
be created. The Transformattonal Marxists first made use of
Freud's theories as a basis for their work of changing the
Culture in the West. Later, when the Frankfurt School
Transformational Marxists settled in the major universities in
the United States, they began to make use of American
Personality and Social Psychology. And so Transformational
Marxism became "psychologized." It's theories and ideology
about Anti-Semitism became a psychologized theory of
Anti-Semitism.
The ideas of Social Psychologists, Personality Theorists and
Clinical Psychologists like Kurt Lewin, Abraham H. Maslow, and
Carl R. Rogers, from more mainstream psychology, contributed to
the work of changing the culture. And, in addition, the
Frankfurt School had its own psychologists and psychiatrists,
who were influenced by psychoanalysis, such as Eric Fromm, and
Wilhelm Reich.
Georg Lukács, 1885-1971, was one of the original Founders of the
Frankfurt School of Transformational Marxism. He understood
that Protestant Christianity, in its spiritual transformation of
the individual, and the Culture that Protestant Christianity
created, prevented Marxism from taking over Western Europe and
the United States. So Marxism must get rid of that Protestant
Christianity and that Culture it created.
Though Lukács himself did not develop a specific method for the
abolition of that Culture which grew out of the Northern
Renaissance and the Protestant Reformation, Theodore Wiesengrund
Adorno, 1903-1969, with other Frankfurters in the U.S. did lay
the foundation for the Identity Politics now being used by
Marxists to combat that Western dominant culture from the
Renaissance-Reformation which Lukács had identified.
The Northern Renaissance and the Protestant Reformation were
important for the development of that Culture which Lukacs
understood to be a major hinder to the takeover of Western
Europe and the U.S. by Marxism because that Northern Renaissance
created the scholarship which enabled the Reformation to began
in Northern Europe. For example, Desiderius Erasmus, 1466-1536,
was from Holland. Erasmus created the Textus Receptus, which
made the original Greek of the New Testament again available to
translate into the common languages of Europe, including English
in about 1526 by William Tyndale. Before Erasmus created the
Textus Rceptus, the Bible was only available to most people in
the form of the Latin Vulgate of Jerome.
See:
HTML http://newpol.org/content/frankfurt-school-and-jews
"Fortunately, Horkheimer and Adorno’s approach began to change
in 1939-1940, when they began to develop a vast research project
on anti-Semitism, ultimately sponsored by the American Jewish
Committee."
"Adorno and Horkheimer organized, as mentioned above, a vast
research project on anti-Semitism, which resulted in several
books published as a series, “Studies in Prejudice.” The best
known is The Authoritarian Personality (1948), written, in part,
by Adorno, which showed that anti-Semitism is intimately
associated with certain character structures, such as blind
submission to authority, violent aggressive attitude toward the
“other,” and rigid stereotypical thinking. Leo Löwenthal and
Norbert Guterman wrote the second book of the series, Prophets
of Deceit (1949), dealing with American anti-Semitic agitators
such as Father Coughlin, Gerald L. K. Smith, and a few others.
Curiously enough, there is hardly a mention, in this context, of
the most influential—by far!—American anti-Semite, namely Henry
Ford, author of The International Jew (1921), who not only had a
big impact in the United States, but whose book became a
favorite of a German fascist named Adolf Schickelgruber. "
Note that the "theory" which Adorno and Horkheimer created
around their interest in anti-semiticism looks a lot like a
theory within American Personality and Social Psychology. In
fact, in the fifties, this theory was accepted by many people
then working in American Personality and Social Psychology. At
that time one of the most referenced topics in the Social and
Personality Psychology peer review journals was the F Scale,
which Adorno and his associates used in heir paper and pencil
questionnaire study of anti-semiticism and the Authoritarian
Personality.
And in the 1950 book, The Authoritarian Personality, Adorno as
senior author does get into his original interest in the study
of anti-semiticism.
"The present inquiry into the nature of the potentially
fascistic
individual began with anti-Semitism in the focus of attention.
The authors, in common with most social
scientists, hold the
view that anti-Semitism is based more largely upon factors in
the subject and in his total situation than upon
actual
characteristics of Jews, and that one place to
look for
determinants of anti-Semitic opinions and attitudes is within
the
persons who express them.."
"And since from the start the
research was guided by the hypotheses stated above, it was
supposed (1) that anti-Semitism probably is not a specific or
isolated phenomenon but a part of a broader
ideological
framework, and (2) that an individual's susceptibility to this
ideology depends primarily upon his psychological needs. "
"The task of fascist propaganda, in other words,
is
rendered easier to the degree that antidemocratic
potentials
already exist in the great mass of people."
Although Adorno and other Frankfurters in the U.S. at the time
talked about "Critical Theory" and pretended their theory on the
cause of fascism and the Authoritarian Personality being
centered around anti-semiticism and rigidity was real social
science, what they were creating was more of a strategy for
political propaganda purposes to change the American Culture -
and, as it worked out, through the Universities.
"Once the earthly family is discovered to be the secret of the
heavenly family, the former must be destroyed (annihilated), in
theory
and in practice." Karl Marx, Feuerbach Thesis #4
“The authoritarian family becomes the factory in which the
state’s
structure and ideology are molded.” Wilhelm Reich The Mass
Psychology of
Fascism.
“The conception of the ideal family situation for the child:
uncritical obedience to the father and elders, pressures
directed
unilaterally from above to below, inhibition of spontaneity and
emphasis on conformity to externally imposed values.” Theodore.
W.
Adorno, The Authoritarian Personality
“Psychoanalysis must treat religion as a neurosis.” Norman O.
Brown
Life Against Death
“God is conceived more directly after a parental image and thus
as a
source of support and as a guiding and sometimes punishing
authority.” Theodor W. Adorno The Authoritarian Personality
(1950)
Transformational Marxist Identity Politics makes certain
identities politically incorrect, and in doing so it divides the
people. The White Male becomes politically incorrect - in part
because in Transformational Marxism the White Male as Father and
ruler over the family is thought to be what causes the
Authoritarian Personality.
You might think that therefore the Mother as head of the family
would be acceptable to Identity Politics. But - think of the
current Leftist chant, "No borders, no wall, no USA at all."
What the Left or Marxists want is "no family at all."
During the time of the Counterculture many Hippies and others in
that Culture were taught to focus on sex, but in having many
different sex partners over relatively short periods of time,
like a year, what was happening was a diminishing of the
heterosexual relationship itself. A little later, pornography
on the Internet can be seen as a part of Transformational
Marxism, to diminish the heterosexual relationship, which is the
foundation of the family.
Later, as homosexuality and lesbianism became more popular in
the Leftist culture, the heterosexual relationship began to
became itself politically incorrect among the Marxist Left.
Now there are consequences of all this rebellion against the
patriarchal structure of Christianity and the family.
#Post#: 9715--------------------------------------------------
Re: Adorno And the Focus On Anti-Semitism As the Origin of Marxi
st Political Correctness
By: bernardpyron Date: January 16, 2020, 7:39 am
---------------------------------------------------------
Within Political Science there may be studies on the Frankfurt
School of Transformational Marxism. I had interests at one
time that probably are within the areas studied by Political
Science. But I have never read or studied stuff from Political
Science. Way back in the fifties I had a friend - Bruce Radde
-when I was in graduate school at Wisconsin - who was a graduate
student in Political Science. We were both interested in Frank
Lloyd Wright then. and travel
ed together in the Midwest to see Wright's buildings. Both of
us had also taken a course on Frank Lloyd Wright taught in the
Wisconsin Art History Department by professor John Kienitz. I
remember that there was talk then about Bruce Radde "getting out
of Political Science." Well, Bruce did get out of Political
Science. He left the University of Wisconsin and went to
Berkeley and got his Ph.D there in Art History. So, that is a
big part of my encounter with Political Science, as something to
get out of and instead study the art of Frank Lloyd Wright.
#Post#: 16765--------------------------------------------------
Re: Adorno And the Focus On Anti-Semitism As the Origin of Marxi
st Political Correctness
By: patrick jane Date: August 28, 2020, 3:25 pm
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Good
#Post#: 19783--------------------------------------------------
Re: Adorno And the Focus On Anti-Semitism As the Origin of Marxi
st Political Correctness
By: patrick jane Date: October 29, 2020, 1:39 pm
---------------------------------------------------------
[quote author=patrick jane link=topic=739.msg16765#msg16765
date=1598646303]
Good
[/quote] ???
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