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   DIR Return to: From The Desk of Bernard Pyron
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       #Post#: 6890--------------------------------------------------
       Frank Lloyd Wright and His "Democrat."
       By: bernardpyron Date: July 8, 2019, 8:47 am
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       Frank Lloyd Wright and His "Democrat."
       In his fall 1952 talk at the University of Wisconsin Student
       Union auditorium Wright said "A Democrat is born hating the
       government." By Democrat he did not mean the Democratic Party.
       He defined Democratic as the freedom and dignity of the
       individual, an ideology that came out his Wisconsin Populism and
       Progressivism.
       Progressivism, and Populism before it, had upheld the common
       people and were both critical of the rich - and what we would
       now call the ruling elite. The more agrarian populism of the
       Midwest, Texas and the South, as well as Wisconsin Progressivism
       were also critical of government. Wright's Usonian architecture
       for the common man was inspired by his Progressivism, which was
       influenced by the earlier agrarian populism. Progressivism
       taught that the common man is capable of improving himself and
       the whole society might be improved. To Wright, the Middle and
       Lower Class people might be raised up to appreciate great art
       and to develop as individuals  in  a free, democratic  culture.
       His organic architecture, he thought, was a major way common
       people could be elevated. Wright thought his architecture would
       edify the Middle and Lower Middle Classes.  He suggested to me
       in the fall of 1957 that I was studying his houses of the
       fifties for "my own edification."
       Wright said :  “Let this truth come through: Democracy is far
       stronger than Fascism or Communism or any other ism if allowed
       to work. The idea of the absolute autonomy of a free man has
       created a power in this world mightier than anything that can be
       opposed to it.” —“Defense,” Taliesin Square Paper #4 (1941)
       "This Architecture we call organic is an architecture upon which
       true American society will eventually be based if we survive at
       all." The Natural House, 1954"
       "So, architecture speaks as poetry to the soul. In this machine
       age to utter this poetry that is architecture, as in all other
       ages, you must learn the organic language of the natural which
       is ever the language of the new."
       "Every great architect is—necessarily—a great poet. He must be a
       great original interpreter of his time, his day, his age."
  HTML https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Broadacre_City
       "The planning profession has lost sight of the future and is
       abandoning its responsibility in the design of cities and
       oriented more toward social sciences and scientific method."
       Broadacre City was an urban or suburban development concept
       proposed by Frank Lloyd Wright.   It was his application of some
       of his principles of organic architecture to the city scale of
       design, or urban planning.
       "It was an entirely new and better way to build cities; it was
       designed to be compatible with and to establish and preserve the
       liberty and sovereignty of the individual as proposed in
       American Democracy where the Citizen is King; historically he
       saw as did Thomas Jefferson that cities were and continue to be
       built by rulers to control or enslave the people. His thinking
       on this began in Chicago at least by age 35 and was published at
       least by 1918 at age 45."
       "The sprawling continuous growth of the big city denies the
       basic concept of decentralization advocated by Frank Lloyd
       Wright in his concept of a city compatible with the American
       system of democratic government."
       "Wright first presented his unique and innovative idea in a book
       The Disappearing City in 1932. A few years later he unveiled a
       very detailed twelve by twelve foot (3.7 by 3.7 m) scale model
       representing the principles and pattern of the concept in a
       spacious and elegant four square mile..... The model was crafted
       by student architects who paid for the privilege of working with
       Wright as his apprentices at Taliesin. Wright would go on
       explaining the concept in later books When Democracy Builds in
       1945, The Living City in 1958 and in lectures, exhibitions and
       articles until his death in 1959."
  HTML https://www.chicagotribune.com/…/ct-biz-frank-lloyd-right-…
       "Eight buildings by Frank Lloyd Wright, including the Prairie
       style masterpiece of the Robie House in Chicago and the bold
       concrete structure of Unity Temple in Oak Park, were named
       Sunday to the United Nations’ list of the world’s most
       significant cultural and natural sites.
       Meeting in Baku, Azerbaijan, a UNESCO committee voted to place
       the Wright buildings on the World Heritage List, which
       recognizes such iconic structures as the Taj Mahal, the Egyptian
       pyramids and the Statue of Liberty. The Wright structures are
       the first works of U.S. modern architecture to make the
       prestigious list."
       Wright died in 1959, sixty years ago. But if Frank Lloyd Wright
       knew what the United Nations has become in the past sixty years,
       it is doubtful if he would feel honored by anything they would
       say about his work. Among other things, Wright was a follower of
       Thomas Jefferson, and as a Jeffersonian, he would not have
       appreciated the totalitarian nature of the UN in 2019.
       Since Trump was involved in building large buildings in urban
       areas during his career, the question on what he thought of the
       larger buildings and especially the skyscraper-type buildings
       and  projects of Frank Lloyd Wright has to be raised. I do not
       know anything about Trump's attitude toward the architecture of
       Frank Lloyd Wright, nor where to look to find out anything on
       this topic.
       Some of the spokespeople of the Patriot-Populist-Alternative
       Media Movement have suggested that this movement can be seen to
       be a Countercultural movement. It does include the present day
       alternative health care movement, and it is in opposition to
       aspects of Conventional Medical Care such as vaccinations, and
       prescription drugs. Why could not the
       Patriot-Populist-Alternative Media Movement also include an
       Alternative Art Movement which includes Architecture?
       And why could the Patriot-Populist-Alternative Media Movement
       not also be allied with an organic architecture movement which
       affirms designs that are beyond the box as architecture?
       #Post#: 6916--------------------------------------------------
       Re: Frank Lloyd Wright and His "Democrat."
       By: bernardpyron Date: July 10, 2019, 8:37 pm
       ---------------------------------------------------------
       See  Form and Space Diversity in Human Habitats: Perceptual
       Responses,  Environment and Behavior, 3, 4, 382-411, Dec 1971
       In the study I did with three research assistants in the spring
       and summer of 1970 I focused on the city block level of design.
       In addition to being published in Environment and Behavior, in
       December of 1971 this study was reviewed briefly in The
       Milwaukee Sentinel - Oct 17, 1970.
       The idea for this study done at the University of Wisconsin in
       Madison, funded by a grant from the Public Health Service,  was
       that the participants would look around more at the more complex
       environments than at the more simple ones.
       We measured amount of coverage of the visual field by a camera
       photographing the eyes of the participants and recording their
       eye movements.
       The hypothesis that the participants would look around more at
       the more complex environments than at the more simple ones was
       confirmed by the data. And form and space information, or amount
       of complexity were additive as expected, for determining how
       much the participants looked around at the environments shown
       them by the 16mm black and white films.
       Amount of visual coverage of the field of view can be taken as a
       measure of the orienting response to information in the
       environment. The more the amount of information, the more the
       people looked around to see the environment. An orienting
       response can be an indicator of interest in what the person is
       looking at.
       The more the amount of information in the environment looked at,
       the more the people looked around to see the environment. The
       greater the diversity of building forms and of the spaces
       created by these forms, the more information there is to see in
       the built environment
       We found that the people in our study looked around more at the
       movies of more diverse forms and spaces and looked around less
       at less diverse spaces and forms.
       On questionnaires the people also said they liked the more
       diverse form and space environments more than the less diverse -
       though the preference was greater for form than for space
       diversity.  They liked diverse house forms more than simple
       forms.
       Some of the ideas for this study of the urban environment at the
       city block scale came  from the old man who had lived forty
       miles to the west of Madison, Wisconsin on the Wisconsin River.
       Frank Lloyd   Wright did one suburban "town" design he called
       Broadacre City of 1935, which was a suburban landscape with
       trees and a few buildings larger than homes, with fantastic
       looking cars on the streets. But instead of the small city lot
       of 60 by 120 feet in Wright's design every family would have an
       acre of land.
       #Post#: 16759--------------------------------------------------
       Re: Frank Lloyd Wright and His "Democrat."
       By: patrick jane Date: August 28, 2020, 3:23 pm
       ---------------------------------------------------------
       Good
       #Post#: 19779--------------------------------------------------
       Re: Frank Lloyd Wright and His "Democrat."
       By: patrick jane Date: October 29, 2020, 1:38 pm
       ---------------------------------------------------------
       [quote author=patrick jane link=topic=571.msg16759#msg16759
       date=1598646192]
       Good
       [/quote] ;D
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