URI:
        _______               __                   _______
       |   |   |.---.-..----.|  |--..-----..----. |    |  |.-----..--.--.--..-----.
       |       ||  _  ||  __||    < |  -__||   _| |       ||  -__||  |  |  ||__ --|
       |___|___||___._||____||__|__||_____||__|   |__|____||_____||________||_____|
                                                             on Gopher (inofficial)
  HTML Visit Hacker News on the Web
       
       
       COMMENT PAGE FOR:
  HTML   USB Power Delivery: Plugging into the Benefits
       
       
        itnerd wrote 1 hour 51 min ago:
        Does PD include a specification that allows a client device to share
        its current battery level? How does Apriv know which device “needs”
        a high output level?
        
        > Using dual-port modules, the system recognizes that, say, one
        smartphone battery in the vehicle is at 5 percent of capacity and a
        second phone is at 75 percent. The programming module gives the former
        device 100W and the latter 25W.
       
          seba_dos1 wrote 1 hour 12 min ago:
          Yes, since PD 3.1 (see "Get_Battery_Status" request).
       
        smallmancontrov wrote 5 hours 52 min ago:
        Speaking of which, does anyone know a line of PD Decoy modules to
        convert barrel jacks to USB-C without the atrocious behavior of "oh,
        the charger doesn't have 12V, here's 9V have fun!" that the early ones
        all did? Ideally I'd like a little red light to come on or something,
        but I'd settle for not silently browning out the device.
       
          tredre3 wrote 48 min ago:
          The vflex has a status LED that shows negotiation status. When it
          fails it will still output 5V, though, they don't seem to have any
          mosfet to switch the output off entirely. [1] I don't think I've ever
          seen one of those type of converters output anything but 5V upon
          negotiation failure. Which one did you use that did that? Their logic
          being "pick the closest available voltage" I presume?
          
  HTML    [1]: https://werewolf.us/
       
          ianburrell wrote 2 hours 28 min ago:
          Those are called trigger boards. I haven't found one with buck
          converter to make 12V. 12V is in earlier PD standard so lots of
          chargers support it but you have to check each charger and lots don't
          say. The guaranteed solution is PPS chargers that have variable
          voltage.
       
          s0rce wrote 4 hours 56 min ago:
          There are things like this: [1] haven't used it, trying to find one
          for my mini pc, mostly so I can use a usb c power bank as a tiny DC
          ups.
          
  HTML    [1]: https://www.adafruit.com/product/5501
       
            smallmancontrov wrote 4 hours 53 min ago:
            The description explains (in bold, multiple times) that it has the
            awful behavior I am looking to avoid.
       
          dotancohen wrote 5 hours 9 min ago:
          Actually, that was 5v, not 9!
       
          miladyincontrol wrote 5 hours 42 min ago:
          iirc theres ones that do. However I dont recall there being any clean
          fix to the amperage constraint issues. Especially when a lot of usb-c
          chargers will vary output as they heat up with usage.
          
          Which is kinda part the issue, usb-c charging bricks, they aren't
          usb-c power supplies, there is no expectation of sustained output
          capacity. Thankfully at least some the multiport ones have
          renegotiation more or less solved cleanly rather than what is
          essentially rebooting the PD controller.
       
            SchemaLoad wrote 1 hour 5 min ago:
            You ideally want to get a USB-C brick that's over specced and from
            a reputable brand. Like if you get a macbook 140w usb-c brick it
            will work fine with everything.
            
            Even for actual PSUs it's always been the advice that you want a
            decent amount of headroom to avoid issues.
       
            smallmancontrov wrote 4 hours 55 min ago:
            I mean, so long as it cuts off and throws a red light I'll figure
            it out, especially if the brick got toasty, and then I can find a
            new brick. My problem is that "best effort" seems to be almost
            universal behavior among PD triggers and it multiplies the failure
            modes.
       
            m463 wrote 5 hours 29 min ago:
            sounds like someone needs to create a DC-DC charger
       
        Animats wrote 5 hours 53 min ago:
        240 watts over a USB-C connector? What next, USB toasters and coffee
        pots?
       
          jeffbee wrote 18 min ago:
          You joke, but this is enough to make recharging an e-bike practical.
          E.g.
          
  HTML    [1]: https://amplerbikes.com/pages/nova
       
          ksec wrote 5 hours 7 min ago:
          I mean my electric Fan and standing lamp are both powered by USB-C.
          
          There are things that shouldn't be powered by USB-C. But there are
          plenty of sub 100W consumer electronics devices that really should be
          USB-C. I waited years before Panasonic released their lamdash shavers
          using USB-C.
       
          m463 wrote 5 hours 30 min ago:
          I remember scoffing years ago at USB powered coffee warmers.  Maybe
          the situation has changed.
       
          dotancohen wrote 5 hours 41 min ago:
          That's only a single ampre at standard European mains voltage. It's
          still a lot of power for those tiny connectors and insulation, but an
          order of magnitude insufficient for those appliances.
          
          I bet that cable gets plenty hot at 200+ watts.
       
            tredre3 wrote 57 min ago:
            Toasters are frequently only ~750W. That isn't an order of
            magnitude away from the capabilities of current USB-C.
            
            I doubt they'll ever increase the voltage beyond the current 48V (I
            was actually shocked that they didn't stop at 24V) so toasters are
            forever away. But not an order of magnitude away!
       
            wongarsu wrote 4 hours 1 min ago:
            A full sized European electric kettle is about 2000 watts, but if
            you limit capacity to a single cup you can get acceptable
            performance on 200 watt. A USB-C coffee pot or kettle scaled to 0.2
            liters (7oz) could work. Would be a great option for travel
       
            Animats wrote 4 hours 51 min ago:
            USB-C is limited to 48 VDC. Above about 50V, electrical safety
            codes apply.
       
              gsich wrote 2 hours 9 min ago:
              You sure?
              
              Those regulations go even higher.
              
  HTML        [1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extra-low_voltage
       
                exmadscientist wrote 39 min ago:
                The controlling standard is usually 62368, and the target is
                usually being a "Limited Power Source", which is 60V or less,
                and 100 VA max.
       
              dotancohen wrote 4 hours 32 min ago:
              Yes, 240 watts is 5 ampres at that voltage - that's why I
              suspected that the cables get hot. I'm even surprised that a
              cable so thin is sufficiently insulated for 48 volts. I've seen
              24 volt truck wiring arc out of dirty connectors.
       
                seba_dos1 wrote 48 min ago:
                You need a e-marked cable to get to 5A with any PD voltage, as
                a random crappy cable could get dangerously hot indeed. The
                limit is 3A and 20-21V otherwise.
       
        hazkoulia wrote 6 hours 25 min ago:
        I'm looking forward to USB-C PD small format factor PC's. A decent
        amount of room in the PC cases is taken up by the power supply. And if
        USB-C could somehow provide a range of voltages to the motherboard,
        SFFPC's could be downsized even more
       
          ranger207 wrote 1 hour 26 min ago:
          I have a couple like that in my mini rack. The problem is the power
          supply: these take 65W, so I figured I could get a quality 140W
          charger and power them both, but it turns out that things like
          "unplugging something else" would kill their power. I had to spend a
          lot more on a StarTech charger to get the performance I needed
       
          wongarsu wrote 4 hours 22 min ago:
          A lot of SFF PCs already come with a power brick. Just with a 12V
          barrel jack instead of a USB-C port. Compared to that design you
          really wouldn't safe much space. Though I admit that USB-C would be
          convenient. Maybe with a tiny battery
       
          dotancohen wrote 5 hours 11 min ago:
          The issue is that a USB charger is not a USB power supply. A charger
          does its best, but makes no guarantee of constant power delivery or
          duty cycle. The power supply absolutely must provide its rated output
          at 100% duty cycle.
       
            SchemaLoad wrote 1 hour 4 min ago:
            There's also the fact that devices would still need an internal PSU
            to convert the 28v USB-C to the multiple voltages that all the
            parts inside need. It would be smaller without the AC to DC
            conversion though.
       
          exmadscientist wrote 5 hours 48 min ago:
          > And if USB-C could somehow provide a range of voltages to the
          motherboard, SFFPC's could be downsized even more
          
          You reeeeeeally don't want to do that. Cable inductance is a big
          deal, among other issues. You want the main DC-DC regulators on the
          board, usually right at the load, for the main loads. Most of the PSU
          bulk is for dealing with mains itself: handling 50/60Hz or mains
          isolation is just physically large. Getting in secondary 20V DC (or
          so) from a single connector and then regulating it down on board is
          pretty much the ideal solution.
          
          (I can't even begin to comprehend the horrors of a USB-PD negotiation
          involving multiple voltages. It's already the worst standard I've
          ever had to deal with.* Don't make it worse!)
          
          (* Not hyperbole, it is truly, truly awful. At least things like
          60601 are bad because, you know, they're covering lots of stuff like
          lifesaving medical devices. USB-PD is... holy hell, it is just bad.)
       
            seba_dos1 wrote 1 hour 6 min ago:
            I quite like PD 2.0 when ignoring the legacy USB-A stuff. It's
            semi-elegant. 3.0 and further made it an abomination though.
       
          omh wrote 6 hours 8 min ago:
          There are some SFF PCs that can take USB-C power.
          
          Lenovo have some,but sometimes require adapter cards.
          And a few of the Chinese N150 units will take PD power
          
          It's great for hot swapping and more portable than a laptop.
       
        edent wrote 6 hours 47 min ago:
        I've basically stopped buying any portable electronics unless they take
        USB-C.
        
        Currently travelling with a laptop, watch, toothbrush, eReader, camera,
        bug-bite treater, and phone - all charging from the same power brick.
        
        I'm guaranteed of getting a replacement cable / charger wherever I am
        in the world if I need it.
        
        The only slight snag is some cheaper itema refuse to use PD and insist
        on plain 5V/2A - buy most decent travel chargers have NON-PD ports.
        
        Amusingly, most of the buses I've taken recently also have USB-C ports
        on them for ad hoc charging. Perhaps one day EVs will use USB-PD-Max
        rather than CCS :-)
       
          seba_dos1 wrote 1 hour 38 min ago:
          > The only slight snag is some cheaper itema refuse to use PD and
          insist on plain 5V/2A - buy most decent travel chargers have NON-PD
          ports.
          
          Every PD port will handle non-PD USB-C consumers correctly, so not
          sure why would you care about non-PD ports. There is no "plain 5V/2A"
          in USB-C though, it's either plain USB (100/150/500/900mA depending
          on enumeration state), 1.5A or 3A. If you want to advertise exactly
          5V/2A, you need PD.
       
            SchemaLoad wrote 1 hour 14 min ago:
            I think what they mean is not PD related at all, but the fact some
            cheap junk has a broken USB-C setup where it's missing the resistor
            that signals a device has been plugged in and to turn on the 5v
            power. While USB-A just have 5v live at all times.
            
            If you use a USB-A to C cable the device works because it results
            in a USB-C cable with an always active 5V.
       
              seba_dos1 wrote 1 hour 0 min ago:
              That's why I said "non-PD USB-C consumers", as such junk isn't
              USB-C compliant - it's just USB-C shaped.
       
          JMiao wrote 1 hour 48 min ago:
          we are talking about a lightweight charging cable. you can carry more
          than one. boom, redundancy. being ideological about a cable connector
          is the nerdy equivalent of jony ive obsessing over macbook thinness.
       
            TulliusCicero wrote 23 min ago:
            Nah, being able to reduce to a single cable type is great.
            
            The thing, it's not just about what cables you have at home, or
            even which ones you bring on a trip. It means if you go out on a
            trip with a small bag and a battery, you only ever really need one
            cable. It means you don't have to think about "which cables do I
            bring?", completely removing a question. That's really nice!
       
            tredre3 wrote 1 hour 4 min ago:
            Assuming your comment is only about proprietary cables that have
            usb a/c on the charger side, I tend to agree. Sometimes the
            device's form factor or function simply cannot accommodate usb-c
            without trade-offs.
            
            I did lose my shaver's cable whilst travelling once, so I had to go
            to the barber to look presentable before a meeting. Not a big deal,
            but it goes to show that it happens. Had it been USB of any
            description, I could have bought one anywhere.
            
            But then again I could have just as easily lost/broken the device
            itself and be in the same situation, so shrugs.
       
          codethief wrote 4 hours 28 min ago:
          What toothbrush do you have? I've been looking for a USB-C charger
          for mine (standard Oral-B toothbrush) but the only ones I've found
          were from no-name Chinese brands and didn't work at all.
       
          blacksmith_tb wrote 5 hours 26 min ago:
          I'm hoping we'll see most e-bikes at least use 240W usb-c pd charging
          (I figure I have about a decade until I will wish I had some assist
          and buy one, so probably by then, they'll have gotten there...)
          
          I also have assorted products that won't charge c-to-c (some from
          respectable manufacturers even, like Philips), but I see you can get
          little adapters with 5.1K resistor you plug into said crappy devices
          to cover that, I will have to try some out.
       
          m463 wrote 5 hours 32 min ago:
          For travel I have a bunch of cables with adapters on the end (choose
          usb-c, lightning, micro-usb).  Can use usb-c, but have the ability to
          use the others.
          
          It has helped out in a bunch of unexpected situations (usually
          someone else's device)
       
          ianburrell wrote 5 hours 54 min ago:
          I think you are confusing the devices with USB-C that require USB-A,
          and devices that charge the standard USB-C 5V/3A/15W. The USB-A ones
          cheaped out in including the resistors that signal legacy USB mode,
          they work with the ones in the cable or adapter.
          
          Lots of people assume that USB-C always uses USB-PD, but the basic
          signalling is done with resistors. Lots of devices only need 15W, and
          it is better than USB-A charging. If you want faster charging, buy
          more powerful chargers.
       
          mcsniff wrote 6 hours 1 min ago:
          I'll bite. What type of watch do you have that has a direct USB-C
          port on it?
       
            margalabargala wrote 4 hours 50 min ago:
            They may be talking about something like the OnePlus watch, which
            does not have a usb-C port on it, but the charger device for the
            watch takes usb-C.
       
              dgunay wrote 2 hours 5 min ago:
              I have one and it's such a fantastic design. When I need to
              travel I just throw a tiny puck in my bag and it charges off the
              same brick that charges everything else I bring.
       
          MrBuddyCasino wrote 6 hours 1 min ago:
          You can always use a „PD Decoy“ if the voltage is USB compatible.
          A 5 / 9 / 12 / 15 / 20 Volt barrel plug is trivially USB powerable.
       
          ElijahLynn wrote 6 hours 25 min ago:
          Same!
          
          I've also returned a few USB devices that ship with a USB-A to USB-C
          cable and ONLY charge in that mode, they also MUST charge with USB-C
          PD.
          
          The two so far were a therapy light and some Zippo hand warmers.
          Like, who in the hell would design a device that has a USB-C port on
          it where only a fraction of chargers will work on it. It feels even
          worse than proprietary charges, because you see a USB-C port on it
          and think, oh I have a plug that fits it, and then it doesn't F**ing
          work. Idiot engineering/product teams, making the world suck with
          their falsely advertised USB-C ports. If anyone of you are on a team
          that ever makes this decision, just know that it is a stupid
          decision, and jump ship when you can.
       
            simoncion wrote 6 hours 6 min ago:
            > I've also returned a few USB devices that ship with a USB-A to
            USB-C cable and ONLY charge in that mode...
            
            By "that mode", do you mean "1.5A @ 5V" permitted by BC, or do you
            mean "3A @ 20V" permitted by non-type-C PD?
            
            > Like, who in the hell would design a device that has a USB-C port
            on it where only a fraction of chargers will work on it.
            
            Who in the hell would design a charger that can do Type-C PD but
            can't do either pre-Type-C PD or BC? Does the charger in question
            also shit the bed when a USB 1.0 device attempts to draw 100mA @
            5V? I hope not! Were it me, I'd return that crappy thing for a
            refund.
       
              duskwuff wrote 5 hours 37 min ago:
              > By "that mode", do you mean "1.5A @ 5V" permitted by BC
              
              Neither - OP means devices with missing CC resistors which will
              fail to charge with a compliant PD source. (The A-to-C cable
              works because it provides 5V Vbus unconditionally.)
       
                exmadscientist wrote 5 hours 36 min ago:
                The A-to-C cable often does not work because the resistors are
                supposed to be in there.
                
                So if you are having complete charge failures, try a different
                cable.
       
                  megous wrote 5 hours 26 min ago:
                  A-C cable assembly always works, CC signal is connected
                  within the cable to Vbus via 56kOhm resistor, but that's only
                  relevant to the downstream port, not to the upstream USB-A
                  power sourcing port which does not have access to the CC
                  signal. Upstream port provides power unconditionally within
                  some limits depending on port type (CDP/DCP/USB3.0/2.0 data
                  port/...).
       
                    exmadscientist wrote 5 hours 20 min ago:
                    That's how it's supposed to work, yeah.
                    
                    But there is some trash out there in the world. A lot of
                    it, actually.
                    
                    Some naughty cables work with some naughty chargers work
                    with some naughty devices. Postel's Law in action, I guess?
                    
                    Usually the best place to fix it is by getting rid of the
                    bad cables. Usually.
       
                      mschuster91 wrote 4 hours 27 min ago:
                      > Usually the best place to fix it is by getting rid of
                      the bad cables. Usually.
                      
                      No. There is no USB-C to C cable that will charge a badly
                      implemented device with a standards compliant charger.
                      That is the entire point.
                      
                      An USB A to C cable is completely standards-compliant and
                      safe, even if it always supplies 5V on the C end - any
                      standards compliant USB-C device should not activate the
                      MOSFET on its Vbus line unless it successfully negotiates
                      via CC.
       
                        seba_dos1 wrote 1 hour 26 min ago:
                        They mean bad USB-A to C cables with no resistor on CC
                        line. Of course this is broken junk which will work
                        with some devices and won't with others. I've also seen
                        cables with resistors on both CC lines, which is also
                        broken but in a slightly subtler way.
       
                          exmadscientist wrote 45 min ago:
                          Right. That phrase "standards-compliant" in the above
                          comments is doing a lot of heavy lifting.
                          
                          A lot of devices are not actually
                          standards-compliant. Some are close. (This may
                          actually be worse.)
                          
                          My experience has been that if the source and sink
                          are broken, they are often hilariously badly broken
                          and it is pretty easy to figure out that they are the
                          problem, if not quite exactly what they've done
                          wrong. But if things are flaky and weird and don't
                          really make sense, it's probably the cable. Try a
                          known-really-seriously-actually-standards-compliantly
                          -good cable and many problems go away, even if the
                          source and sink aren't perfect.
                          
                          (Many sources and sinks aren't standards-compliant
                          because, even though they easily could be, they're
                          trying to work around the other end not being
                          standards-compliant itself, because that's what
                          you've got to do to sell a product. So they're close
                          but not quite there. This is not always ideal.)
       
            myself248 wrote 6 hours 13 min ago:
            The thing is, making a 5v-only device PD-compliant is literally one
            resistor. It costs well under a penny.
            
            It's pure ignorance, not a decision, but the lack of one. Lack of
            caring, lack of having an actual engineer involved, just slapping
            an oval-shaped port into a product where a trapezoidal port had
            been, and blindly thinking that magically makes it spec-compliant.
            
            Or not thinking about the spec at all.
            
            I return these devices too. Lots of them. My e-commerce returns
            over the last year are probably 50% PD non-compliance, 50% all
            other defects combined.
       
              helterskelter wrote 5 hours 25 min ago:
              There's an otherwise decent shortwave radio out there that was
              originally charged with a micro-usb, then they released a "new"
              USB-C model...except it will only charge with a 5V brick because
              they literally just swapped out the ports. Really annoying.
       
                dabluecaboose wrote 4 hours 52 min ago:
                Oh man, please tell me it wasn't the CC GP-7.  I have the micro
                version and have been hemhawwing about updating it.
       
                  helterskelter wrote 2 hours 52 min ago:
                  You mean the CountyComm? If so, I'm 99% certain that radio is
                  a rebranded Tecsun PL-360, which is in fact a 5V. I love
                  Tecsun, but why they would cheap out on the USB-C refresh is
                  beyond me.
                  
  HTML            [1]: https://www.tecsun-radios.com/product/pl360-radio-re...
       
                dotancohen wrote 5 hours 20 min ago:
                I'd imagine that a significant portion of the shortwave radio
                community is capable of soldering in the two resistors.
       
              megous wrote 5 hours 34 min ago:
              Only if the device's consumption is < 2.5W, which is what a USB
              2.0 computer USB-A's data port limit is. Anything above that,
              compliance gets a bit more involved and complicated.
       
                seba_dos1 wrote 1 hour 32 min ago:
                Yes, but that's the case with microUSB as well. In fact,
                refusing to work with underpowered source is easier with USB-C.
       
              exmadscientist wrote 5 hours 38 min ago:
              It's two resistors, actually. But they cost $0.0003 each (that's
              0.03¢, or just around 3,333 of them for US$1) from distributors.
              Though there appears to be a bit of a stock crunch right now.
              
              So... yeah.
              
              The bigger issue is not really the parts cost, it's the fact that
              it adds an extra part to the design that has to be purchased and
              tracked and assembled and blah blah blah. This is the real reason
              it often gets left off on the bottom-of-the-barrel products. Many
              times there is no other use for a 5.1kΩ resistor. And it might
              not even fit well at the cheap sizes (0603 or 0402), and going
              down to 0201-capable assembly factory flow just for these two
              resistors is not going to happen.
       
                dotancohen wrote 5 hours 15 min ago:
                These companies are not manufacturing the device PCBAs, that is
                done by dedicated companies such as Flex. The PCBA
                manufacturing companies have warehouses of different resistors,
                and 5.1kΩ is extremely common. In fact, most PCB resistor
                values are quite flexible, to save on SKUs (in practice, to
                save on loading another carrier on the PnP machine) often if a
                specific resistor needs a specific value then all (or most of)
                the other resistors will use that value.
       
                  exmadscientist wrote 4 hours 46 min ago:
                  I was speaking a little more towards the AliExpress end of
                  things, which is a sadly high proportion of the devices out
                  there. For the midsize CMs and up, you're right, they've got
                  piles and piles of stuff and don't charge by the reel loaded.
                  
                  5.1k is a surprising resistor value, a lot of modern designs
                  don't really have anything else in that area. I'm often not
                  able to combine anything with it when I'm cost reducing.
                  4.7k, sure, but there aren't a lot of those either... 2.2k is
                  just not close enough a lot of the time (or ends up as 1k),
                  and same for 10k. So, sadly, it often does stand alone.
       
                    dotancohen wrote 4 hours 36 min ago:
                    Interesting, thank you. That is an end of the market that I
                    have not seen.
                    
                    I wonder if PD will cause a comeback of that value as more
                    and more legacy device refreshes move to USB-C plugs.
       
       
   DIR <- back to front page